Bird
Song Sparrow
Melospiza melodia
Lives in Arkansas all year and nests here. Found in all 75 counties, across 12 habitats.
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 75 counties
- Habitats
- 12

At a glance
- Group
- Birds
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 75 counties
- Habitats
- 12
- Habitat models
- Summer, Winter
Where it lives
The places its habitat model includes. It is not found everywhere a habitat occurs.
Habitats in Arkansas 12
Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.

Disturbed and introduced wetlands
Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.
Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.
Floodplain and bottomland forests
Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.
Borders of forests, clearings and shrubby thickets.
Open, herb-covered wetlands with fresh, non-tidal water.
Open, grass-dominated places kept open by fire, grazing or thin soil, from tallgrass prairie to Piedmont prairies.
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Ground opened by people: roadsides, old fields, pastures, fencerows and lots.
Places where groundwater keeps the soil or rock wet, such as seepage slopes and spring runs.
Streams, rivers and their banks
Flowing water and its banks, bars and rocky shoals.
Tree plantations and managed pine
Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.
Open, wet, grassy or sedgy ground that is not a bog.
Other habitats in its models (108)
Land cover, or classes with no habitat page in Arkansas. Those recorded in Arkansas first, the rest by region.
Elsewhere in the South (59)
- Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Interdunal Wetland Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Brownwater Stream Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Fresh-Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Maritime Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Salt and Brackish Tidal Marsh Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Embayed Region Tidal Freshwater Marsh Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Embayed Region Tidal Salt and Brackish Marsh Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Indian River Lagoon Tidal Marsh Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Large Natural Lakeshore Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Tidal Wooded Swamp Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Peatland Pocosin Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Brownwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Dune and Maritime Grassland Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Maritime Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Tidal Wooded Swamp Summer and winter.
- Central and Upper Texas Coast Dune and Coastal Grassland Winter.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Pondshore Summer and winter.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Seep Winter.
- Central Florida Pine Flatwoods Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Dune and Coastal Grassland Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Maritime Forest Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Floodplain Forest Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Tidal Wooded Swamp Winter.
- East-Central Texas Plains Pine Forest and Woodland Winter.
- East-Central Texas Plains Post Oak Savanna and Woodland Winter.
- East-Central Texas Plains Riparian Forest Winter.
- Edwards Plateau Limestone Savanna and Woodland Winter.
- Florida Big Bend Fresh-Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Winter.
- Florida Big Bend Salt-Brackish Tidal Marsh Winter.
- Floridian Highlands Freshwater Marsh Winter.
- Mississippi Delta Maritime Forest Winter.
- Mississippi Sound Salt and Brackish Tidal Marsh Winter.
- South Florida Bayhead Swamp Winter.
- South Florida Cypress Dome Winter.
- South Florida Dwarf Cypress Savanna Winter.
- South Florida Everglades Sawgrass Marsh Winter.
- South Florida Freshwater Slough and Gator Hole Winter.
- South Florida Mangrove Swamp Winter.
- South Florida Wet Marl Prairie Winter.
- Southeast Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Summer and winter.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Bog and Fen Winter.
- Southern Appalachian Montane Pine Forest and Woodland Winter.
- Southern Blackland Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Herbaceous Seepage Bog Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp Winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Cypress Dome Winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Small Floodplain and Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
- Southwest Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Winter.
- Southwest Florida Dune and Coastal Grassland Winter.
- Southwestern Great Plains Canyon Summer and winter.
- Tamaulipan Calcareous Thornscrub Winter.
- Tamaulipan Mixed Deciduous Thornscrub Winter.
- Texas Saline Coastal Prairie Winter.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Large River Swamp Winter.
- Western Great Plains Mesquite Woodland and Shrubland Winter.
Northeast (4)
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Fresh and Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Tidal Salt Marsh Summer and winter.
- Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Basin Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest Summer.
- Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Dune and Swale Summer and winter.
Midwest (4)
- Central Mixedgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Central Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Sand and Gravel Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Western Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine Summer and winter.
West (1)
- Inter-Mountain Basins Greasewood Flat Summer and winter.
Land cover and other classes (40)
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Blackwater Stream Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Forested Wetland Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Herbaceous Wetland Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Depression Pondshore Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Oak Dominated Modifier Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Taxodium/Nyssa Modifier Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Streamhead Seepage Swamp - Pocosin - and Baygall Summer and winter.
- Central Appalachian Riparian - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
- Developed, Low Intensity Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Herbaceous Modifier Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Depression Pondshore Winter.
- Eastern Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer and winter.
- Eastern Great Plains Wet Meadow, Prairie, and Marsh Summer and winter.
- Gulf and Atlantic Coastal Plain Tidal Marsh Systems Winter.
- Harvested Forest - Grass/Forb Regeneration Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Annual Grassland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Forbland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland and Forbland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Shrub Summer and winter.
- Modified/Managed Southern Tall Grassland Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Forest Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Grassland Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Shrubland Summer and winter.
- Recently Logged Areas Summer and winter.
- South-Central Interior Large Floodplain - Herbaceous Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Bay/Gum Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Clethra Modifier Winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Nupea Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Taxodium Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Large Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont/Ridge and Valley Upland Depression Swamp Winter.
- Tamaulipan Mesquite Upland Scrub Winter.
- Tamaulipan Riparian Systems Winter.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Slough Winter.
- Western Great Plains Depressional Wetland Systems Summer and winter.
- Western Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer and winter.
Seasons in Arkansas
- Year-round: nests here, in 29 of 75 counties.
- Winter: does not nest here, in 58 of 75 counties.
Food plants
Diet records by plant genus, from studies across North America. Not a record from this state. Plants matched by genus.
Native plants in these genera 235
- Bushy KnotweedPolygonum ramosissimum subsp. prolificum
- Erect KnotweedPolygonum erectum
- Pleatleaf KnotweedPolygonum tenue
- Prostrate KnotweedPolygonum aviculare
- Tall KnotweedPolygonum ramosissimum
- Matweed AmaranthAmaranthus blitoides
- Redroot AmaranthAmaranthus retroflexus
- Rough-fruit AmaranthAmaranthus tuberculatus
- Smooth PigweedAmaranthus hybridus
- White AmaranthAmaranthus albus
- Common RagweedAmbrosia artemisiifolia
- Giant RagweedAmbrosia trifida
- Lanceleaf RagweedAmbrosia bidentata
- Perennial RagweedAmbrosia psilostachya
- Arkansas sedgeCarex arkansana
- Bicknell's SedgeCarex bicknellii
- Bottlebrush SedgeCarex hystericina
- Carex atlantica subsp. atlanticaCarex atlantica subsp. atlantica
- Carex atlantica subsp. capillaceaCarex atlantica subsp. capillacea
- Carex bromoides subsp. bromoidesCarex bromoides subsp. bromoides
- Carex communis var. communisCarex communis var. communis
- Carex scoparia var. scopariaCarex scoparia var. scoparia
- Cedar SedgeCarex planostachys
- Coupled SedgeCarex laxiculmis var. copulata
Plant genera in its diet records (36)
- Avena Seeds. 2 diet records. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Polygonum Seeds. 2 diet records. 5 native plants in Arkansas
- Triticum Seeds. 2 diet records. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Amaranthus Seeds. 1 diet record. 5 native plants in Arkansas
- Ambrosia Seeds. 1 diet record. 4 native plants in Arkansas
- Anthemis Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Brassica Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Calandrinia Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Carex Seeds. 1 diet record. 144 native plants in Arkansas
- Centaurea Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Chenopodium Seeds. 1 diet record. 4 native plants in Arkansas
- Claytonia Seeds. 1 diet record. 5 native plants in Arkansas
- Croton Seeds. 1 diet record. 8 native plants in Arkansas
- Deinandra Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Digitaria Seeds. 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Arkansas
- Erodium Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Ficus Fruit. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Geranium Seeds. 1 diet record. 3 native plants in Arkansas
- Helianthus Seeds. 1 diet record. 15 native plants in Arkansas
- Lamium Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Madia Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Phalaris Seeds. 1 diet record. 1 native plant in Arkansas
- Phleum Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Physocarpus Seeds. 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Arkansas
- Prunus Seeds. 1 diet record. 13 native plants in Arkansas
- Rubus Fruit. 1 diet record. 9 native plants in Arkansas
- Rumex Seeds. 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Arkansas
- Sambucus Fruit. 1 diet record. 1 native plant in Arkansas
- Setaria Seeds. 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Arkansas
- Silene Seeds. 1 diet record. 5 native plants in Arkansas
- Solanum Seeds. 1 diet record. 3 native plants in Arkansas
- Sonchus Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Spergula Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Stellaria Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
- Toxicodendron Seeds. 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Arkansas
- Tragopogon Seeds. 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Arkansas
Also found in its main habitats
Its main habitats in Arkansas, by how much of its habitat model each one is, with the birds most characteristic of each and the plants that grow wild there. Shared habitat, not food.
Song Sparrow uses many habitats in Arkansas; these are its 3 most characteristic.
Floodplain and bottomland forests
Birds 77
- Bonaparte's GullChroicocephalus philadelphia
- Evening GrosbeakCoccothraustes vespertinus
- Lesser YellowlegsTringa flavipes
- Ruddy DuckOxyura jamaicensis
- Lesser ScaupAythya affinis
- Marsh WrenCistothorus palustris
- Northern ParulaParula americana
- Purple GallinulePorphyrio martinica
- Snowy OwlBubo scandiacus
- White IbisEudocimus albus
- Worm-eating WarblerHelmitheros vermivorum
- American PipitAnthus rubescens
Plants 313
- Elliott's BlueberryVaccinium elliottii
- Possumhaw HollyIlex decidua
- Cherrybark OakQuercus pagoda
- Swamp Chestnut OakQuercus michauxii
- Canada VioletViola canadensis
- Appalachian Orange ConeflowerRudbeckia fulgida var. umbrosa
- Shagbark HickoryCarya ovata
- Camphor PlucheaPluchea camphorata
- PondberryLindera melissifolia
- Smooth Hedge-nettleStachys tenuifolia
- Wolf's BluegrassPoa wolfii
- Spreading SedgeCarex laxiculmis
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Birds 86
- House SparrowPasser domesticus
- Cape May WarblerDendroica tigrina
- Grasshopper SparrowAmmodramus savannarum
- Greater RoadrunnerGeococcyx californianus
- Interior Least TernSternula antillarum athalassos
- KilldeerCharadrius vociferus
- Least TernSternula antillarum
- Purple MartinProgne subis
- Red CrossbillLoxia curvirostra
- Rock PigeonColumba livia
- Scissor-tailed FlycatcherTyrannus forficatus
- Smith's LongspurCalcarius pictus
Plants 888
- Maximilian SunflowerHelianthus maximiliani
- Muck SunflowerHelianthus simulans
- Annual FleabaneErigeron annuus
- Canada LettuceLactuca canadensis
- Common Evening-primroseOenothera biennis
- Cutleaf Evening-primroseOenothera laciniata
- Dog-fennelEupatorium capillifolium
- Threadleaf SundropsOenothera linifolia
- Carolina Crane's-billGeranium carolinianum
- Bushy KnotweedPolygonum ramosissimum subsp. prolificum
- Blackeyed SusanRudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima
- Prostrate KnotweedPolygonum aviculare
Forest edges and thickets
Birds 46
- Spotted TowheePipilo maculatus
- Rufous-crowned SparrowAimophila ruficeps
- Painted BuntingPasserina ciris
- Vesper SparrowPooecetes gramineus
- Field SparrowSpizella pusilla
- Barn SwallowHirundo rustica
- House FinchCarpodacus mexicanus
- Blue-winged WarblerVermivora pinus
- Golden-winged WarblerVermivora chrysoptera
- Henslow's SparrowAmmodramus henslowii
- Palm WarblerDendroica palmarum
- Savannah SparrowPasserculus sandwichensis
Plants 142
- Earleaf GreenbrierSmilax auriculata
- Fringed NutrushScleria ciliata
- Southern DewberryRubus trivialis
- Buffalo CloverTrifolium reflexum
- Gray DogwoodCornus racemosa
- Cutleaf GoldenrodSolidago arguta
- Hairy LettuceLactuca hirsuta
- Upland BonesetEupatorium sessilifolium
- Eustis Lake BeardtonguePenstemon australis
- Slender LespedezaLespedeza virginica
- Trailing LespedezaLespedeza procumbens
- Creeping LespedezaLespedeza repens
Sources
- USGS Gap Analysis Project habitat models (2001)
- USGS GAP winter habitat model for Song Sparrow
- USGS Gap Analysis Project range maps (2001), modeled by watershed; migratory gives no dates
- NatureServe Explorer (CC BY 4.0), habitat names
- US Census TIGER/Line counties
- Names follow the USGS Gap Analysis Project (2001)
- Avian Diet Database (Hurlbert Lab) (CC0 1.0), diet records by plant genus








































































