Wineberry
Rubus phoenicolasius
Found in moist forests, roadsides, thickets. Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Northern Tier edition What its natural habitat tells you
-55
Severe harm
Not native to West Virginia. How scores work Is it native here?
Profile 82%
- Height
- may reach 9 feet tall
- Light
- Full sun, Partial shade
- Soil moisture
- Dry to moist
Do not plant. Listed invasive in West Virginia.
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At a glance
- Life cycle
- Perennial
- Leaves
- Deciduous
- Bloom
- May to June
- Fruiting season
- June to July
JFMAMJJASOND
Not yet recorded · Spread
Recorded in 10 West Virginia counties.
Natural habitats
Places it grows wild. Not a planting requirement. Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.
1 of 3
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Ground opened by people: roadsides, old fields, pastures, fencerows and lots.
Also found with this plant
Wildlife whose habitat models include habitats this plant grows in, in West Virginia. Shared habitat, not food. 98 animals.
- Canada GooseBranta canadensis
- Canada WarblerWilsonia canadensis
- Cliff SwallowPetrochelidon pyrrhonota
- Eastern PhoebeSayornis phoebe
- Evening GrosbeakCoccothraustes vespertinus
- Fish CrowCorvus ossifragus
- Great Blue HeronArdea herodias
- Great EgretArdea alba
- Green HeronButorides virescens
- Lincoln's SparrowMelospiza lincolnii
- Magnolia WarblerDendroica magnolia
- MallardAnas platyrhynchos
- Olive-sided FlycatcherContopus cooperi
- Orchard OrioleIcterus spurius
- Red-breasted NuthatchSitta canadensis
- Ring-necked DuckAythya collaris
- Rose-breasted GrosbeakPheucticus ludovicianus
- Song SparrowMelospiza melodia
- SoraPorzana carolina
- Tree SwallowTachycineta bicolor
- White-eyed VireoVireo griseus
- Willow FlycatcherEmpidonax traillii
- Wilson's SnipeGallinago delicata
- Wood DuckAix sponsa
Widespread birds also seen here (38)
Found in many habitats here, so not listed above.
- Alder Flycatcher
- American Crow
- American Goldfinch
- American Kestrel
- American Robin
- Belted Kingfisher
- Blue Grosbeak
- Blue Jay
- Blue-gray Gnatcatcher
- Cedar Waxwing
- Chimney Swift
- Chipping Sparrow
- Common Nighthawk
- Common Raven
- Cooper's Hawk
- Dark-eyed Junco
- Eastern Kingbird
- Eastern Towhee
- European Starling
- Fox Sparrow
- Great Crested Flycatcher
- Great Horned Owl
- Least Flycatcher
- Mourning Dove
- Northern Cardinal
- Northern Flicker
- Northern Mockingbird
- Osprey
- Purple Finch
- Red-tailed Hawk
- Ruby-crowned Kinglet
- Sharp-shinned Hawk
- Spotted Sandpiper
- Tufted Titmouse
- Turkey Vulture
- Wild Turkey
- Yellow-breasted Chat
- Yellow-rumped Warbler
Ecological relationships
Who uses this plant?
138CaterpillarsGenus host records with ranges including WV
Genus host records with ranges including WV · Rubus
- Acharia stimuleaSaddleback Caterpillar Moth
- Achatia distinctaDistinct Quaker
- Acronicta americanaAmerican Dagger
- Acronicta funeralisFunerary Dagger, Paddle Caterpillar
- Acronicta impressaImpressive Dagger, Printed Dagger
- Acronicta longaLong-Winged Dagger, Darkish Dagger
- Acronicta oblinitaSmeared Dagger
- Agrotis gladiariaSwordsman Dart, Clay-Backed Cut-Worm
- Agrotis vetustaOld Man Dart
- Amorbia humerosanaWhite-Lined Leafroller Moth
Show all 138
- Amphipyra pyramidoidesMiranda Underwing, Copper Underwing, Copper Amphipyra
- Anaplectoides prasinaGreen Arches Dart
- Anavitrinella pampinariaCommon Gray, Cranberry Spanworm
- Ancylis floridanaStrawberry Leafroller
- Ancylis muricanaRed-Headed Ancylis
- Anisota senatoriaOrange-Tipped Oakworm Moth, Orangestriped Oakworm
- Antepione thisoariaVariable Antepione
- Anticlea vasiliataVariable Carpet
- Apatelodes torrefactaSpotted Apatelodes
- Archips argyrospilaFruit-Tree Leafroller Moth
- Archips purpuranaOmnivorous Leafroller Moth
- Argyrotaenia marianaGray-Banded Leafroller Moth
- Argyrotaenia quercifolianaYellow-Winged Oak Leafroller Moth, Lined Oak Leafroller
- Argyrotaenia velutinanaRed-Banded Leafroller Moth, Jack Pine Tube Moth
- Automeris ioIo Moth
- Biston betulariaSalt-and-Pepper Geometer, Cleft-Headed Looper
- Cecrita guttivittaMaple Prominent, Saddled Prominent
- Cenopis directanaChokecherry Leafroller Moth
- Cenopis reticulatanaReticulated Fruitworm Moth
- Cepphis decolorariaDark Scallop Moth
- Cerastis tenebriferaReddish Speckled Dart
- Chloridea virescensTobacco Budworm Moth
- Chlorochlamys chloroleucariaBlackberry Looper Moth
- Choristoneura fractivittanaBroken-Banded Leafroller, Lined Corn-Borer Moth
- Choristoneura obsoletanaObsolete Leafroller
- Choristoneura rosaceanaOblique-Banded Leafroller Moth, Rosaceous Leaf Roller
- Clepsis persicanaWhite Triangle Tortrix
- Coelodasys unicornisUnicorn Caterpillar Moth
- Coptotriche aeneaBlackberry Leafminer Moth
- Datana ministraYellow-Necked Caterpillar Moth
- Dysstroma citrataDark Marbled Carpet
- Dysstroma truncataMarbled Carpet
- Ectropis crepusculariaThe Small Engrailed, Saddleback Looper
- Epinotia medioviridanaRaspberry Leafroller
- Erastria colorariaBroad-Lined Erastria
- Erastria cruentariaThin-Lined Erastria
- Euclea delphiniiSpiny Oak-Slug Moth
- Eueretagrotis perattentusTwo-Spot Dart
- Euphyia intermediataSharp-Angled Carpet Moth, The Intermediate
- Eupithecia miserulataCommon Eupithacia, Common Pug
- Eupsilia cirripaleaFranclemont's Sallow
- Eupsilia sidusSidus Sallow
- Eupsilia tristigmataThree-Spotted Sallow, Brown Fruitworm
- Feltia jaculiferaDingy Cutworm
- Feltia subgothicaSubgothic Dart
- Geina tenuidactylaHimmelman's Plume Moth
- Habrosyne scriptaLettered Habrosyne
- Halysidota tessellarisBanded Tussock Moth, Pale Tiger Moth
- Haploa colonaColona Moth
- Haploa leconteiLeconte's Haploa
- Hedya separatanaPink-Washed Leafroller Moth
- Herpetogramma aeglealisSerpentine Webworm
- Herpetogramma bipunctalisSouthern Beet Webworm, Two-Spotted Herpetogramma
- Herpetogramma pertextalisBold-Feathered Grass Moth
- Herpetogramma thestealisZigzag Herpetogramma, Subtle-Feathered Grass Moth
- Hyalophora cecropiaCecropia Silkmoth, Cecropia Moth
- Hyles lineataWhite-Lined Sphinx
- Hypena scabraGreen Cloverworm Bomolocha, Black Snout
- Hyphantria cuneaFall Webworm
- Iridopsis defectariaBrown-Shaded Gray, Willow Looper
- Iridopsis humariaSmall Purplish Gray
- Iridopsis larvariaBent-Line Gray
- Kocakina fidelisIntractable Quaker, Green Fruitworm, Fourlined Green Fruitworm
- Lacanobia grandisGrand Arches
- Lascoria ambigualisAmbiguous Moth, Ambiguous Litter Moth
- Lithophane antennataAshen Pinion
- Lithophane innominataNameless Pinion
- Lophocampa caryaeHickory Tussock Moth, Hickory Tiger Moth
- Malacosoma disstriaForest Tent Caterpillar
- Melanchra adjunctaHitched Arches
- Melanchra assimilisBlack Arches
- Melanchra pictaPainted Arches, Zebra Caterpillar Moth
- Melanolophia canadariaCanadian Melanolphia, Variable Redmarked Looper
- Mesoleuca ruficillataWhite-Ribboned Carpet, Red-fringed Carpet
- Mythimna unipunctaArmyworm Moth, White Speck
- Nematocampa resistariaFilament Bearer, Horned Spanworm Moth
- Nymphalis antiopaMourning Cloak
- Oedemasia concinnaRed-Humped Caterpillar, Red-Humped Appleworm
- Olethreutes appendiceumServiceberry Leafroller
- Olethreutes furfuranumWoolly-Backed Moth
- Olethreutes permundanaRaspberry Leafroller
- Orgyia leucostigmaWhite-Marked Tussock Moth
- Orthodes majusculaRustic Quaker, Rustic Groundcat
- Orthosia rubescensRuby Quaker
- Orthotaenia undulanaDusky Leafroller
- Palthis angulalisDark-Spotted Palthis
- Paonias excaecataBlinded Sphinx, Blind Eyed Sphinx
- Papaipema cataphractaBurdock Border, Potato-Stalk Borer
- Papaipema nebrisStalk Borer
- Pennisetia marginatumRaspberry Crown Borer Moth
- Phigalia strigatariaSmall Phigalia, Small Oak Looper
- Phigalia titeaThe Half-Wing Geometer, Spiney Looper, Eastern Oak Looper
- Phlogophora irisOlive Angle Shades
- Phyllodesma americanaLappet Moth, American Lappet Moth, Southern Lappet Moth
- Plagodis pulverariaAmerican Barred Umber, Barred Umber
- Platynota flavedanaBlack-Shaded Platynota
- Platynota idaeusalisTufted Apple-Bud Moth
- Pseudothyatira cymatophoroidesTufted Thyatirid
- Pyrgus centaureaeGrizzled Skipper
- Pyrrharctia isabellaIsabella Tiger Moth, Banded Woolybear
- Pyrrhia ciliscaAmerican Bordered Sallow, Noble Sun Moth
- Satyrium liparopsStriped Hairstreak
- Schizura ipomaeaeMorning-Glory Prominent, Checkered-Fringe Prominent
- Scopula limboundataLarge Lace-Border
- Selenia alcipheariaNorthern Selenia, Northern Thorn
- Spaelotis clandestinaClandestine Dart, W-Marked Cutworm
- Sparganothis unifascianaOne-Lined Sparganothis
- Spilosoma virginicaVirginian Tiger Moth, Yellow Woolybear Moth, Yellow Bear
- Spiramater lutraDarling Mamestra, Splashed Arches, Otter Spiramater, Otter Arches
- Spodoptera ornithogalliYellow-Striped Armyworm Moth, Cotton Cutworm
- Strymon melinusGray Hairstreak
- Sutyna privataCheckered Sallow, Private Sallow
- Synchlora aerataWavy-Lined Emerald, Camouflaged Looper
- Syndemis afflictanaFall Dead-Leaf Roller, Gray Leafroller, Black-and-Grey Banded Leafroller
- Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformisEvergreen Bagworm Moth
- Trichordestra legitimaStriped Garden Caterpillar Moth
- Xanthorhoe lacustrataToothed Brown Carpet
- Xanthotype sospetaCrocus Geometer
- Xestia normanianusNorman's Dart
- Xestia smithiiSmith's Dart
- Xylena nuperaRed Swordgrass Moth, American Swordgrass Moth, False Armyworm
- Zale lunataLunate Zale
- Zale minereaColorful Zale
- Ectoedemia rubifoliella
- Herpetogramma aquilonalis
- Menesta tortriciformella
- Olethreutes concinnana
- Scythris basilaris
—BeesSoutheastern regional records
1Specialist beesPollen specialists
25BirdsRecorded eating Rubus in West Virginia
Diet records by plant genus, from studies across North America. Not a record from this state. Birds whose range includes West Virginia, most records first.
- Wild TurkeySeeds. 13 diet records
- Ruffed GrouseFruit. 9 diet records
- American RobinFruit. 5 diet records
- Cedar WaxwingFruit. 3 diet records
- European Starling3 diet records
- Northern Bobwhite3 diet records
- Wood DuckFruit. 2 diet records
- Eastern BluebirdFruit. 1 diet record
- Eastern KingbirdFruit. 1 diet record
- Eastern Wood-peweeSeeds. 1 diet record
Show all 25
- Evening Grosbeak1 diet record
- Hermit ThrushFruit and seeds. 1 diet record
- Indigo Bunting1 diet record
- Northern CardinalFruit. 1 diet record
- Pileated WoodpeckerSeeds. 1 diet record
- Pine Grosbeak1 diet record
- Red-headed WoodpeckerFruit. 1 diet record
- Rose-breasted GrosbeakFruit. 1 diet record
- Snow Bunting1 diet record
- Song SparrowFruit. 1 diet record
- Swainson's ThrushFruit and seeds. 1 diet record
- VeeryFruit and seeds. 1 diet record
- White-crowned SparrowFruit. 1 diet record
- White-eyed Vireo1 diet record
- Wood ThrushFruit and seeds. 1 diet record
Direct food only. Caterpillars on host plants also feed nesting birds. NC Native Plant Society: butterfly gardening
Birds that eat Rubus 25
Diet records by plant genus, from studies across North America. Not a record from this state. Avian Diet Database (Hurlbert Lab), CC0 1.0.
- Wild TurkeyMeleagris gallopavo
- Ruffed GrouseBonasa umbellus
- American RobinTurdus migratorius
- Cedar WaxwingBombycilla cedrorum
- European StarlingSturnus vulgaris
- Northern BobwhiteColinus virginianus
- Wood DuckAix sponsa
- Eastern BluebirdSialia sialis
- Eastern KingbirdTyrannus tyrannus
- Eastern Wood-peweeContopus virens
- Evening GrosbeakCoccothraustes vespertinus
- Hermit ThrushCatharus guttatus
- Indigo BuntingPasserina cyanea
- Northern CardinalCardinalis cardinalis
- Pileated WoodpeckerDryocopus pileatus
- Pine GrosbeakPinicola enucleator
- Red-headed WoodpeckerMelanerpes erythrocephalus
- Rose-breasted GrosbeakPheucticus ludovicianus
- Snow BuntingPlectrophenax nivalis
- Song SparrowMelospiza melodia
- Swainson's ThrushCatharus ustulatus
- VeeryCatharus fuscescens
- White-crowned SparrowZonotrichia leucophrys
- White-eyed VireoVireo griseus
- Wood ThrushHylocichla mustelina
Growing and identification
Plant details
- Family
- Rosaceae
- Hardiness
- Zones 4a–8b
- Soil pH
- Acidic to alkaline
- Flower color
- Red or white
- Fruit begins
- June
- Fruit ends
- July
Safety has not been reviewed for this plant; check toxicity and thorns before planting.
Growing sources and scope
- Bloom · “May to June” · Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition · Carolinas and Georgia
- Flower color · “Red or white” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Fruit begins · “June” · Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition · Carolinas and Georgia
- Fruit ends · “July” · Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition · Carolinas and Georgia
- Hardiness · “Zones 4a–8b” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Height · “may reach 9 feet (2.7 m) tall” · Fire Effects Information System: Rubus phoenicolasius · Source botanical description; original units and scope retained
- Leaves · “Deciduous” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Life cycle · “Perennial” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Light · “Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day); Partial shade (direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Soil · “Dry; Moist (documented habitat)” · Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition · Carolinas and Georgia
- Soil pH · “Acidic to alkaline” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Also known as
Wine Raspberry
Conservation status
| West Virginia rank | SNA |
|---|---|
| Global rank | G5 |
| WV status | Not verified |
| Federal status | Not verified |
Sources
- West Virginia DNR invasive plant list
- USDA PLANTS
- Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition
- NatureServe Explorer
- West Virginia occurrence source
- Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)
- Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0
- Smith, Bachelder, Russell, Morales, Mosher & Seltmann 2024, Bee-Specialization-Modeling v0.6.1 (specialist host table compiled from J. Fowler's pollen specialist bee lists), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0
- Hurlbert, Olsen, Sawyer & Winner 2021, Avian Diet Database, Scientific Data 8: 260 (CC0)
- Narango, Tallamy & Shropshire 2020, Few keystone plant genera support the majority of Lepidoptera species, Nature Communications