Bird
European Starling
Sturnus vulgaris
Lives in Virginia all year and nests here. Found in all 133 counties and cities, across 32 habitats.
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 133 counties and cities
- Habitats
- 32
At a glance
- Group
- Birds
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 133 counties and cities
- Habitats
- 32
- Habitat models
- Year-round
Where it lives
The places its habitat model includes. It is not found everywhere a habitat occurs.
Habitats in Virginia 32
Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.
1 of 32
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Disturbed and introduced wetlands
Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.
Cliffs, ledges and rocky summits
Granite and other acidic rock outcrops
Streams, rivers and their banks
Coastal tidal marshes (salinity not stated)
Tidal marshes of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts where the source does not say whether the water is fresh, brackish or salt. A stated salinity files the marsh under freshwater tidal marshes or salt and brackish marshes instead.
Depression ponds and limesinks
Shallow ponds in Coastal Plain depressions, such as limesinks and the ponds in some Carolina bays, that rise and fall with the seasons.
Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.
Floodplain and bottomland forests
Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.
Forest or woodland where the source does not say how moist or dry.
Open, herb-covered wetlands with fresh, non-tidal water.
Glades, barrens and outcrops on limestone
Open, thin-soil openings and rock on limestone, dolomite or other lime-rich rock, including cedar glades.
Flat, poorly drained uplands and terraces with oaks, sweetgum and sometimes loblolly pine, wet in winter and dry in summer, but neither a floodplain nor a swamp.
Salt-pruned forests and shrub thickets behind coastal dunes.
Forests between dry and moist, often oak-hickory on slopes.
Treeless grassy or shrubby summits and ridges in the high mountains.
High mountain forests of beech, yellow birch and sugar maple, including boulderfield forests.
Flat, sandy Coastal Plain pine woodlands, wetter than sandhills and denser than savannas.
Open, fire-kept longleaf pine stands over grasses and wildflowers on wet to moist sandy soil.
Dense evergreen shrub wetlands and bay forests on wet, acid peat of the Coastal Plain.
Still water and its edges: ponds, lakes, millponds and reservoirs.
Coastal marshes flooded by salty or brackish tides.
Places where groundwater keeps the soil or rock wet, such as seepage slopes and spring runs.
Steep, sun-baked slopes of loose shale with sparse oaks and Virginia pine and their own endemic wildflowers. Linked only where the source names shale barrens; calcareous shale stays with the limestone glades.
Tree plantations and managed pine
Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.
Open, wet, grassy or sedgy ground that is not a bog.
Other habitats in its models (178)
Land cover, or classes with no habitat page in Virginia. Those recorded in Virginia first, the rest by region.
In Virginia 3
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Appalachian Circumneutral Cliff and Talus Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Glade and Barrens Year-round, beside its main habitat.
Elsewhere in the South (95)
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Salt and Brackish Tidal Marsh Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Indian River Lagoon Tidal Marsh Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Dune and Maritime Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Maritime Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Wet Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Xeric River Dune Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central and South Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central and Upper Texas Coast Dune and Coastal Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Seep Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Florida Pine Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior Highlands Calcareous Glade and Barrens Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior Highlands Dry Acidic Glade and Barrens Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Crosstimbers Oak Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Dry Chalk Bluff Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Dune and Coastal Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Limestone Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Maritime Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Bluff Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Mesic Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Savanna and Wet Prairie Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Floodplain Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loblolly-Hardwood Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loess Bluff Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Mesic Slope Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Tidal Wooded Swamp Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East-Central Texas Plains Pine Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East-Central Texas Plains Post Oak Savanna and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East-Central Texas Plains Riparian Forest Year-round.
- Edwards Plateau Limestone Savanna and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Florida Big Bend Salt-Brackish Tidal Marsh Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Florida Dry Prairie Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Floridian Highlands Freshwater Marsh Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Lower Mississippi River Dune Woodland and Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Lower Mississippi River Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi Delta Maritime Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Alluvial Plain Dry-Mesic Loess Slope Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Bottomland Depression Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Low Floodplain (Bottomland) Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Riparian Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi Sound Salt and Brackish Tidal Marsh Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Nashville Basin Limestone Glade Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Northern Crowley's Ridge Sand Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Ouachita Montane Oak Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry Oak Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Mesic Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Riparian Year-round.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Red River Large Floodplain Forest Year-round.
- South Florida Bayhead Swamp Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South Florida Cypress Dome Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South Florida Dwarf Cypress Savanna Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South Florida Hardwood Hammock Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South Florida Pine Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South Florida Pine Rockland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Wet Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southeast Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southeastern Interior Longleaf Pine Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Granitic Dome Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Rocky Summit Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Herbaceous Seepage Bog Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Hydric Hammock Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Cypress Dome Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Oak Dome and Hammock Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Crowley's Ridge Mesic Loess Slope Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Interior Acid Cliff Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Interior Low Plateau Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southwest Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southwest Florida Dune and Coastal Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Catahoula Barrens Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Chenier and Upper Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest Year-round.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Large River Swamp Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nepheline Syenite Glade Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nonriverine Wet Hardwood Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Calcareous Prairie Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Sandhill Oak and Shortleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Calcareous Prairie Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Western Great Plains Mesquite Woodland and Shrubland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
Northeast (5)
- Acadian Low-Elevation Spruce-Fir-Hardwood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Acadian-Appalachian Montane Spruce-Fir Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Appalachian Alkaline Glade and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Wet Flatwoods Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Pine Barrens Year-round, beside its main habitat.
Midwest (10)
- Central Interior Acidic Cliff and Talus Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior Calcareous Cliff and Talus Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Central Mixedgrass Prairie Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Beech-Maple Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Dry Oak Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Maple-Basswood Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Oak Savanna Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Oak Barrens Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Western Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine Year-round.
Land cover and other classes (65)
- Allegheny-Cumberland Dry Oak Forest and Woodland - Pine Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Arkansas Valley Prairie and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Forested Wetland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Herbaceous Wetland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-Line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Developed, High Intensity Year-round.
- Developed, Low Intensity Year-round.
- Developed, Medium Intensity Year-round.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Herbaceous Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Woodland Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Hardwood Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Plain Dry Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Prairie and Woodland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Herbaceous Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest - Offsite Pine Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Hardwood Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Juniper Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Depression Pondshore Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Eastern Great Plains Floodplain Systems Year-round.
- Eastern Great Plains Wet Meadow, Prairie, and Marsh Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Eastern Highland Rim Prairie and Barrens - Dry Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Open Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Harvested Forest - Grass/Forb Regeneration Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Inter-Mountain Basins Curl-leaf Mountain Mahogany Woodland and Shrubland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Annual Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Forbland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland and Forbland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Treed Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Lower Mississippi River Bottomland Depressions - Forest Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Floodplain and Riparian Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Modified/Managed Southern Tall Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Virginia/Pitch Pine Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest-Hardwood Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Quarries, Mines, Gravel Pits and Oil Wells Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Burned Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Burned Forest Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Burned Grassland Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Logged Areas Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- South-Central Interior Large Floodplain - Herbaceous Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Bay/Gum Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Clethra Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Nupea Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Pine Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Taxodium Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Mixed Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-Heath Forest - Mixed Modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest - Pine modifier Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Tamaulipan Riparian Systems Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Western Great Plains Depressional Wetland Systems Year-round, beside its main habitat.
- Western Great Plains Floodplain Systems Year-round.
Seasons in Virginia
- Year-round: nests here, in all 133 counties and cities. Introduced.
Food plants
Diet records by plant genus, from studies across North America. Not a record from this state. Plants matched by genus.
Native plants in these genera 142
- American PlumPrunus americana
- Canada PlumPrunus nigra
- Chickasaw PlumPrunus angustifolia
- ChokecherryPrunus virginiana var. virginiana
- Fire CherryPrunus pensylvanica
- Beach PlumPrunus maritima
- Susquehanna CherryPrunus susquehanae
- Common HackberryCeltis occidentalis
- Dwarf HackberryCeltis pumila
- SugarberryCeltis laevigata
- Galactia brachypodaGalactia brachypoda
- Common WinterberryIlex verticillata
- Ilex opaca var. opacaIlex opaca var. opaca
- Large GallberryIlex coriacea
- Longstalk HollyIlex collina
- Mountain HollyIlex montana
- Possumhaw HollyIlex decidua
- Smooth WinterberryIlex laevigata
- Yaupon HollyIlex vomitoria
- InkberryIlex glabra
- BlackgumNyssa sylvatica
- Swamp TupeloNyssa biflora
- Water TupeloNyssa aquatica
- Smooth BlackberryRubus canadensis
Plant genera in its diet records (31)
- Triticum 6 diet records. 0 native plants in Virginia
- Zea 6 diet records. 0 native plants in Virginia
- Prunus 4 diet records. 7 native plants in Virginia
- Celtis 3 diet records. 3 native plants in Virginia
- Galactia 3 diet records. 1 native plant in Virginia
- Ilex 3 diet records. 9 native plants in Virginia
- Nyssa 3 diet records. 3 native plants in Virginia
- Rubus 3 diet records. 9 native plants in Virginia
- Triadica 3 diet records. 0 native plants in Virginia
- Vaccinium 3 diet records. 16 native plants in Virginia
- Polygonum 2 diet records. 3 native plants in Virginia
- Vitis 2 diet records. 9 native plants in Virginia
- Ambrosia 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Virginia
- Avena 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Virginia
- Bromus 1 diet record. 5 native plants in Virginia
- Croton 1 diet record. 3 native plants in Virginia
- Digitaria 1 diet record. 3 native plants in Virginia
- Eleusine 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Virginia
- Hedeoma 1 diet record. 1 native plant in Virginia
- Hordeum 1 diet record. 1 native plant in Virginia
- Juniperus 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Virginia
- Lycopus 1 diet record. 5 native plants in Virginia
- Ostrya 1 diet record. 1 native plant in Virginia
- Phytolacca 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Virginia
- Quercus 1 diet record. 27 native plants in Virginia
- Rhus 1 diet record. 6 native plants in Virginia
- Scirpus 1 diet record. 11 native plants in Virginia
- Secale 1 diet record. 0 native plants in Virginia
- Setaria 1 diet record. 2 native plants in Virginia
- Viburnum 1 diet record. 10 native plants in Virginia
- Xanthium 1 diet record. 1 native plant in Virginia
Also found in its main habitats
Its main habitats in Virginia, by how much of its habitat model each one is, with the birds most characteristic of each and the plants that grow wild there. Shared habitat, not food.
European Starling uses many habitats in Virginia; these are its 3 most characteristic.
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Birds 89
- Cape May WarblerDendroica tigrina
- House SparrowPasser domesticus
- Monk ParakeetMyiopsitta monachus
- Upland SandpiperBartramia longicauda
- DickcisselSpiza americana
- Grasshopper SparrowAmmodramus savannarum
- Hoary RedpollCarduelis hornemanni
- BobolinkDolichonyx oryzivorus
- House FinchCarpodacus mexicanus
- Rock PigeonColumba livia
- Vesper SparrowPooecetes gramineus
- Yellow-throated VireoVireo flavifrons
Plants 1283
- Pussy WillowSalix discolor
- Crooked-stem AsterSymphyotrichum prenanthoides
- Long Stalk AsterSymphyotrichum dumosum var. dumosum
- Canada LettuceLactuca canadensis
- Common HorseweedErigeron canadensis
- Annual FleabaneErigeron annuus
- Hairy FleabaneErigeron bonariensis
- Dog-fennelEupatorium capillifolium
- Carolina Crane's-billGeranium carolinianum
- Common Evening-primroseOenothera biennis
- Cutleaf Evening-primroseOenothera laciniata
- Northern Evening-primroseOenothera parviflora
Disturbed and introduced wetlands
Birds 120
- Black TernChlidonias niger
- DickcisselSpiza americana
- BobolinkDolichonyx oryzivorus
- DovekieAlle alle
- Yellow-throated VireoVireo flavifrons
- Lincoln's SparrowMelospiza lincolnii
- Nelson's Sharp-tailed SparrowAmmodramus nelsoni
- Pine WarblerDendroica pinus
- Purple SandpiperCalidris maritima
- Sandwich TernThalasseus sandvicensis
- Thayer's GullLarus thayeri
- Wilson's WarblerWilsonia pusilla
Plants 24
- Slender FimbryFimbristylis autumnalis
- Purple SpikerushEleocharis atropurpurea
- Blue MistflowerConoclinium coelestinum
- False DaisyEclipta prostrata
- Intermediate Spike RushEleocharis intermedia
- Blunt Spike RushEleocharis obtusa
- Mid-Atlantic Flat-top GoldenrodEuthamia floribunda
- Bristly SedgeCarex comosa
- ChaffweedCentunculus minimus
- Shortbeak BeaksedgeRhynchospora nitens
- Sensitive FernOnoclea sensibilis
- AxilflowerMecardonia acuminata var. acuminata
Forest edges and thickets
Birds 41
- Hoary RedpollCarduelis hornemanni
- House FinchCarpodacus mexicanus
- Vesper SparrowPooecetes gramineus
- Wilson's WarblerWilsonia pusilla
- Field SparrowSpizella pusilla
- Barn SwallowHirundo rustica
- Willow FlycatcherEmpidonax traillii
- Loggerhead ShrikeLanius ludovicianus
- Yellow-throated WarblerDendroica dominica
- Black-throated Blue WarblerDendroica caerulescens
- Northern BobwhiteColinus virginianus
- Palm WarblerDendroica palmarum
Plants 244
- Bristly BlackberryRubus setosus
- Tall LarkspurDelphinium exaltatum
- Canada PlumPrunus nigra
- ChokecherryPrunus virginiana var. virginiana
- Fire CherryPrunus pensylvanica
- Silky DogwoodSwida obliqua
- Giant SunflowerHelianthus giganteus
- Gray DogwoodSwida racemosa
- Southern DewberryRubus trivialis
- Buffalo CloverTrifolium reflexum
- Cutleaf GoldenrodSolidago arguta
- Hairy GoldenrodSolidago hispida var. hispida
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Sources
- USGS Gap Analysis Project habitat models (2001)
- USGS GAP year-round habitat model for European Starling Avoids forest interior
- USGS Gap Analysis Project range maps (2001), modeled by watershed; migratory gives no dates
- NatureServe Explorer (CC BY 4.0), habitat names
- US Census TIGER/Line counties
- Names follow the USGS Gap Analysis Project (2001)
- Avian Diet Database (Hurlbert Lab) (CC0 1.0), diet records by plant genus