Bird
American Robin
Turdus migratorius
Lives in Virginia all year and nests here. Found in all 133 counties and cities, across 26 habitats.
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 133 counties and cities
- Habitats
- 26

At a glance
- Group
- Birds
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 133 counties and cities
- Habitats
- 26
- Habitat models
- Summer, Winter
Where it lives
The places its habitat model includes. It is not found everywhere a habitat occurs.
Habitats in Virginia 26
Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.

Glades, barrens and outcrops on limestone











Streams, rivers and their banks


Depression ponds and limesinks
Shallow ponds in Coastal Plain depressions, such as limesinks and the ponds in some Carolina bays, that rise and fall with the seasons.
Disturbed and introduced wetlands
Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.
Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.
Floodplain and bottomland forests
Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.
Granite and other acidic rock outcrops
Bare or thin-soil rock on granite, gneiss, sandstone, quartzite and similar acidic rock, including granite flatrocks and domes.
Flat, poorly drained uplands and terraces with oaks, sweetgum and sometimes loblolly pine, wet in winter and dry in summer, but neither a floodplain nor a swamp.
Salt-pruned forests and shrub thickets behind coastal dunes.
Forests between dry and moist, often oak-hickory on slopes.
Wet, open, peaty mountain wetlands fed by seepage, often with sphagnum moss.
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Ground opened by people: roadsides, old fields, pastures, fencerows and lots.
Steep, sun-baked slopes of loose shale with sparse oaks and Virginia pine and their own endemic wildflowers. Linked only where the source names shale barrens; calcareous shale stays with the limestone glades.
Tree plantations and managed pine
Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.
Other habitats in its models (162)
Land cover, or classes with no habitat page in Virginia.
- Developed, Low Intensity Summer and winter.
- Developed, Medium Intensity Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Limestone Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest-Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Juniper Modifier Summer and winter.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Herbaceous Modifier Summer and winter.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter.
- Southern Interior Low Plateau Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- Crosstimbers Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Dry Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Ouachita Montane Oak Forest Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Beech-Maple Forest Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Maple-Basswood Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Bluff Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loess Bluff Forest Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- South Florida Hardwood Hammock Winter.
- Southwest Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Winter.
- Southeast Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Winter.
- Central and South Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Chenier and Upper Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Mississippi River Alluvial Plain Dry-Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer and winter.
- East-Central Texas Plains Post Oak Savanna and Woodland Summer and winter.
- East-Central Texas Plains Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
- South Florida Pine Rockland Winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Oak Dome and Hammock Summer and winter.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry Oak Woodland Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Maritime Forest Summer and winter.
- Lower Mississippi River Dune Woodland and Forest Summer and winter.
- Edwards Plateau Limestone Savanna and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Mississippi Delta Maritime Forest Summer and winter.
- Western Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine Summer and winter.
- Southern Crowley's Ridge Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- Ozark-Ouachita Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Mesic Slope Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Maritime Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Woodland Modifier Summer and winter.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Virginia/Pitch Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Loblolly Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest - Offsite Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
- Allegheny-Cumberland Dry Oak Forest and Woodland - Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest - Pine modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-Heath Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Southeastern Interior Longleaf Pine Woodland Summer and winter.
- Central Interior Highlands Dry Acidic Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- Acadian Low-Elevation Spruce-Fir-Hardwood Forest Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Sandhill Oak and Shortleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Northern Crowley's Ridge Sand Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Open Understory Modifier Winter.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-Line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Modifier Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland Summer and winter.
- Northeastern Interior Pine Barrens Summer and winter.
- East-Central Texas Plains Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Woodland Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter.
- Florida Peninsula Inland Scrub Winter.
- North-Central Interior Oak Savanna Summer and winter.
- North-Central Oak Barrens Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- Nashville Basin Limestone Glade Summer and winter.
- Central Appalachian Alkaline Glade and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Central Interior Highlands Calcareous Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Catahoula Barrens Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nepheline Syenite Glade Summer and winter.
- Western Great Plains Mesquite Woodland and Shrubland Summer and winter.
- Eastern Highland Rim Prairie and Barrens - Dry Modifier Summer and winter.
- Central Mixedgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Sand and Gravel Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Arkansas Valley Prairie and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Central Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Southern Blackland Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Southeastern Great Plains Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Calcareous Prairie Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Calcareous Prairie Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Prairie and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Summer and winter.
- Recently Logged Areas Summer and winter.
- Harvested Forest - Grass/Forb Regeneration Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Forest Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Grassland Summer and winter.
- Recently Burned Shrubland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Treed Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Forbland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Annual Grassland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland and Forbland Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Taxodium Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Bay/Gum Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Nupea Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Clethra Modifier Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Summer and winter.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Seep Winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Large River Swamp Summer and winter.
- South Florida Bayhead Swamp Winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Forested Wetland Summer and winter.
- South Florida Dwarf Cypress Savanna Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Savanna and Wet Prairie Summer and winter.
- Texas Saline Coastal Prairie Summer and winter.
- Eastern Great Plains Wet Meadow, Prairie, and Marsh Summer and winter.
- Lower Mississippi River Bottomland Depressions - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
- South Florida Cypress Dome Winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Cypress Dome Summer and winter.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Pondshore Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Depression Pondshore Summer and winter.
- Mississippi River Bottomland Depression Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Herbaceous Modifier Summer and winter.
- Western Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer and winter.
- Eastern Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer and winter.
- Tamaulipan Riparian Systems Summer and winter.
- Mississippi River Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
- Cumberland Riverscour Summer and winter.
- Mississippi River Low Floodplain (Bottomland) Forest Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Hydric Hammock Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Forest Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Red River Large Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Southern Coastal Plain Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Slough Summer and winter.
- Mississippi River Floodplain and Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
- Ozark-Ouachita Riparian Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Plain Dry Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- South Florida Pine Flatwoods Winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Wet Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- Central Florida Pine Flatwoods Winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loblolly-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Wet Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Wet Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- Lower Mississippi River Flatwoods Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nonriverine Wet Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter.
Seasons in Virginia
- Year-round: nests here, in all 133 counties and cities.
Fruit and seed plants
Plants in genera this bird was recorded eating, from diet studies across North America. Not a record of what it eats in your state.
73 native plants in Virginia. 14 not suggested for gardens
- American PlumPrunus americana
- Chickasaw PlumPrunus angustifolia
- ChokecherryPrunus virginiana var. virginiana
- Fire CherryPrunus pensylvanica
- Flowering DogwoodBenthamidia florida
- Silky DogwoodSwida amomum
- Smooth BlackberryRubus canadensis
- Alternate-leaf DogwoodSwida alternifolia
- Black RaspberryRubus occidentalis
- Stiff DogwoodSwida foemina
- Gray DogwoodSwida racemosa
- Ilex opaca var. opacaIlex opaca var. opaca
- Mountain HollyIlex montana
- Possumhaw HollyIlex decidua
- Smooth WinterberryIlex laevigata
- Southern DewberryRubus trivialis
- Yaupon HollyIlex vomitoria
- Allegheny BlackberryRubus allegheniensis
- Northern DewberryRubus flagellaris
- Pennsylvania BlackberryRubus pensilvanicus
- Sand BlackberryRubus cuneifolius
- Swamp DewberryRubus hispidus
- InkberryIlex glabra
- Smooth SumacRhus glabra
- Smooth BlackhawViburnum prunifolium
- Eastern Winged SumacRhus copallinum var. latifolia
- Staghorn SumacRhus typhina
- Possumhaw ViburnumViburnum nudum
- Rusty BlackhawViburnum rufidulum
- Smooth Arrow WoodViburnum recognitum
- Southern ArrowwoodViburnum dentatum
- Witherod ViburnumViburnum cassinoides
- Canadian ServiceberryAmelanchier canadensis
- Allegheny ServiceberryAmelanchier laevis
- Downy ServiceberryAmelanchier arborea
- Fragrant Sumac; Squawbush; Squaw BushRhus aromatica var. aromatica
- Roundleaf ServiceberryAmelanchier sanguinea
- Coastal ServiceberryAmelanchier obovalis
- Downy ArrowwoodViburnum rafinesqueanum
- HobblebushViburnum lantanoides
- Mapleleaf ViburnumViburnum acerifolium
- Red GrapeVitis palmata
- Running ServiceberryAmelanchier spicata
- Vitis cinerea var. baileyanaVitis cinerea var. baileyana
- Vitis cinerea var. floridanaVitis cinerea var. floridana
- BlackgumNyssa sylvatica
- Fox GrapeVitis labrusca
- Frost GrapeVitis vulpina
- Riverbank GrapeVitis riparia
- Silver Leaf GrapeVitis aestivalis var. bicolor
- Summer GrapeVitis aestivalis
- Swamp TupeloNyssa biflora
- Water TupeloNyssa aquatica
- Common HackberryCeltis occidentalis
- Dwarf HackberryCeltis pumila
- SugarberryCeltis laevigata
- Juniperus virginiana var. virginianaJuniperus virginiana var. virginiana
- Red MulberryMorus rubra
Native here, not suggested for gardens
- Canada Plum Prunus nigra Rare or protected plant
- Beach Plum Prunus maritima Rare or protected plant
- Round Leaf Dogwood Swida rugosa Rare or protected plant
- Silky Dogwood Swida obliqua Rare or protected plant
- Susquehanna Cherry Prunus susquehanae Rare or protected plant
- Common Winterberry Ilex verticillata Ingestion caution
- Large Gallberry Ilex coriacea Rare or protected plant
- Longstalk Holly Ilex collina Rare or protected plant
- Bristly Blackberry Rubus setosus Rare or protected plant
- Nannyberry; Sheepberry; Nanny Berry; Sheep Berry Viburnum lentago Rare or protected plant
- Michaux's Sumac Rhus michauxii Federally endangered
- Nantucket Serviceberry Amelanchier nantucketensis Rare or protected plant
- Sand Grape Vitis rupestris Rare or protected plant
- Ground Juniper Juniperus communis var. depressa Rare or protected plant
Matched by plant genus. Avian Diet Database
Also on these plants
- Cedar Waxwing 37 of these plants
- Eastern Bluebird 20 of these plants
- Wood Thrush 20 of these plants
- Spring Azure 18 of these plants
- Northern Cardinal 16 of these plants
- Hummingbird Clearwing 13 of these plants
- Red-spotted Purple 10 of these plants
- Io Moth 7 of these plants
- Luna Moth 5 of these plants
- Regal Moth 5 of these plants
- Cecropia Moth 4 of these plants
- Eastern Tiger Swallowtail 4 of these plants
- Promethea Moth 4 of these plants
- Hackberry Emperor 3 of these plants
- Mourning Cloak 3 of these plants
- Question Mark 3 of these plants
- Juniper Hairstreak 1 of these plants
None of the other listed species.
Also found in this habitat
Plants 1229
Plants named in NatureServe descriptions of these habitats that grow in Virginia. Shared habitat, not food.
- Red MapleAcer rubrum
- Mountain LaurelKalmia latifolia
- Pignut HickoryCarya glabra
- White OakQuercus alba
- Flowering DogwoodBenthamidia florida
- TuliptreeLiriodendron tulipifera
- American BeechFagus grandifolia
- White AshFraxinus americana
- SourwoodOxydendrum arboreum
- Virginia CreeperParthenocissus quinquefolia
- SweetgumLiquidambar styraciflua
- Chestnut OakQuercus montana
- Mockernut HickoryCarya tomentosa
- Northern SpicebushLindera benzoin
- BlackgumNyssa sylvatica
- Virginia PinePinus virginiana
- Christmas FernPolystichum acrostichoides
- Sun-facing ConeflowerRudbeckia heliopsidis
- Black HuckleberryGaylussacia baccata
- Loblolly PinePinus taeda
- Southern Red OakQuercus falcata
- Post OakQuercus stellata
- Rosebay RhododendronRhododendron maximum
- Eastern HemlockTsuga canadensis
Wildlife 256
Other animals whose habitat models include the same habitats in Virginia. Not sighting records.
- Willow FlycatcherEmpidonax traillii
- American BitternBotaurus lentiginosus
- American WigeonAnas americana
- Bachman's SparrowAimophila aestivalis
- Barn SwallowHirundo rustica
- Black RailLaterallus jamaicensis
- Black-bellied PloverPluvialis squatarola
- Brown-headed NuthatchSitta pusilla
- Forster's TernSterna forsteri
- GadwallAnas strepera
- Golden EagleAquila chrysaetos
- Great CormorantPhalacrocorax carbo
- Greater YellowlegsTringa melanoleuca
- Lapland LongspurCalcarius lapponicus
- Least BitternIxobrychus exilis
- Lincoln's SparrowMelospiza lincolnii
- Red CrossbillLoxia curvirostra
- Ring-billed GullLarus delawarensis
- Ruddy DuckOxyura jamaicensis
- Ruddy TurnstoneArenaria interpres
- Snow GooseChen caerulescens
- Snowy OwlBubo scandiacus
- Stilt SandpiperCalidris himantopus
- Tundra SwanCygnus columbianus
NatureServe Explorer, CC BY 4.0. USGS Gap Analysis Project habitat models.



























































































