Northern Cardinal

Open, wet, seepage-fed bogs of the Coastal Plain and Sandhills, often with pitcher plants.

Shallow ponds in Coastal Plain depressions, such as limesinks and the ponds in some Carolina bays, that rise and fall with the seasons.

Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.

Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.

Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.

Evergreen scrub oaks, sand pine and rosemary on deep, white, drought-prone sand ridges, burned rarely but intensely; distinct from the longleaf and turkey oak sandhills.

Borders of forests, clearings and shrubby thickets.

Marshes along tidal rivers where the water is fresh but rises and falls with the tide.

Tidal forests and thickets of red, black and white mangrove along sheltered tropical and subtropical shores.

Salt-pruned forests and shrub thickets behind coastal dunes.

Forests on moist but not wet ground, such as rich slopes and ravines.

Dense evergreen shrub wetlands and bay forests on wet, acid peat of the Coastal Plain.

Open, grass-dominated places kept open by fire, grazing or thin soil, from tallgrass prairie to Piedmont prairies.

Ground opened by people: roadsides, old fields, pastures, fencerows and lots.

Coastal marshes flooded by salty or brackish tides.

Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.