Red Pine

Pinus resinosa

Found in northern hardwood forests; tree plantations and managed pine. FloraQuest, phone app (app page) What its natural habitat tells you

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Not native

Not native to Virginia. How scores work Is it native here?

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Height: About 80 feet
Light: Partial shade, Full shade
Soil moisture: Dry to moist

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Pinus resinosa — bark photograph — (c) Tom Norton, some rights reserved (CC BY) · CC BY 4.0 · Original photograph

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Live Oak
Quercus virginiana
Sun: Full sun, Partial shade. Soil: Somewhat dry to moist. Flowers: Yellow or green.
Similar growth form, height, evergreen or deciduous
Loblolly Pine
Pinus taeda
Sun: Full sun. Soil: Somewhat dry to moist. Flowers: Yellow, purple or red.
Similar growth form, height, evergreen or deciduous
Eastern White Pine
Pinus strobus
Sun: Full sun, Partial shade. Soil: Somewhat dry to moist. Flowers: Yellow, green, inconspicuous or red.
Similar growth form, height, evergreen or deciduous

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At a glance

Life cycle: Woody perennial
Leaves: Evergreen
Bloom: Spring
Fruiting season: Summer to fall

Not yet recorded · Spread

Recorded in 7 Virginia counties.

Natural habitats

Places it grows wild. Not a planting requirement. Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.

1 of 2

Northern hardwood forest in winter. Shown: Baxter Creek Trail near Mount Sterling, Haywood County, North Carolina, a neighboring state.Frozen northern hardwood forest, Baxter Creek Trail, Brian Stansberry, undated. CC BY 3.0. Source record.

Tree plantations and managed pine

Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.

All habitats

Also found with this plant

Wildlife whose habitat models include habitats this plant grows in, in Virginia. Shared habitat, not food. 132 animals.

American Kestrel
Falco sparverius
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Belted Kingfisher
Megaceryle alcyon
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Common Nighthawk
Chordeiles minor
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Common Raven
Corvus corax
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Dark-eyed Junco
Junco hyemalis
Birds. 7 shared habitats
European Starling
Sturnus vulgaris
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Great Horned Owl
Bubo virginianus
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Mourning Dove
Zenaida macroura
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Red-tailed Hawk
Buteo jamaicensis
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Turkey Vulture
Cathartes aura
Birds. 7 shared habitats
Bald Eagle
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Birds. 6 shared habitats
Chimney Swift
Chaetura pelagica
Birds. 6 shared habitats
Eastern Bluebird
Sialia sialis
Birds. 6 shared habitats
Eastern Kingbird
Tyrannus tyrannus
Birds. 6 shared habitats
Sharp-shinned Hawk
Accipiter striatus
Birds. 6 shared habitats
American Crow
Corvus brachyrhynchos
Birds. 5 shared habitats
American Goldfinch
Carduelis tristis
Birds. 5 shared habitats
American Robin
Turdus migratorius
Birds. 5 shared habitats
Black-capped Chickadee
Poecile atricapillus
Birds. 5 shared habitats
Black-throated Blue Warbler
Dendroica caerulescens
Birds. 5 shared habitats
Blue Grosbeak
Passerina caerulea
Birds. 5 shared habitats
Blue Jay
Cyanocitta cristata
Birds. 5 shared habitats
Brown Creeper
Certhia americana
Birds. 5 shared habitats
Brown Thrasher
Toxostoma rufum
Birds. 5 shared habitats

All wildlife of Virginia

Ecological relationships

Who uses this plant?

What these records mean

175CaterpillarsGenus host records with ranges including VA

Genus host records with ranges including VA · Pinus

Eacles imperialisImperial Moth
Acleris varianaEastern Blackheaded Budworm
Acronicta oblinitaSmeared Dagger
Amorbia humerosanaWhite-Lined Leafroller Moth
Anatrachyntis badiaFlorida Pink Scavanger Caterpillar
Anavitrinella pampinariaCommon Gray, Cranberry Spanworm
Antheraea polyphemusPolyphemus Moth
Aplectoides conditaX
Archips cerasivoranaCherry Tent Caterpillar, Cherry Worm, Ugly Nest Caterpillar
Argyrotaenia pinatubanaPine Tube Moth

Show all 175

Argyrotaenia tabulanaLodgepole Needletier
Argyrotaenia velutinanaRed-Banded Leafroller Moth, Jack Pine Tube Moth
Battaristis vittellaOrange Striped-Back Moth
Callophrys niphonPine Elfin
Callosamia prometheaPromethea Silkmoth, Promethea Moth
Calosima dianellaEastern Pine Catkin Borer Moth
Campaea perlataPale Beauty, Fringed Looper
Caripeta angustiorataBrown Pine Looper Moth
Caripeta aretariaSouthern Pine Looper Moth
Caripeta divisataGray Spruce Looper Moth
Celypha nr.Celypha Moth
Choristoneura conflictanaLarge Aspen Tortrix
Choristoneura fumiferanaSpruce Budworm Moth
Choristoneura pinusJack Pine Budworm
Choristoneura rosaceanaOblique-Banded Leafroller Moth, Rosaceous Leaf Roller
Citheronia sepulcralisPine-Devil Moth
Cladara limitariaMottled Gray Carpet, Yellow-Lined Conifer Looper, Yellow-Lined Forest Looper, Black-Angled Wave
Clepsis persicanaWhite Triangle Tortrix
Corticivora parvaBronze-Banded Corticivora
Crocigrapha normaniNorman's Quaker
Cydia ingensLongleaf Pine Seedworm Moth
Cydia toreutaEastern Pine Seedworm
Dasychira mantoRusty Tussock Moth, Manto Tussock Moth
Dasychira plagiataNorthern Conifer Tussock Moth
Dasychira vagansVariable Tussock Moth
Decantha boreasellaReticulated Decantha Moth
Dichomeris setosellaHairy Dichomeris
Dioryctria abietivorellaEvergreen Coneworm Moth, Fir Coneworm
Dioryctria amatellaSouthern Pine Coneworm
Dioryctria clarioralisBlister Coneworm
Dioryctria disclusaWebbing Coneworm
Dioryctria merkeliLoblolly Pineconeworm
Dioryctria taedivorellaLesser Loblolly Pineconeworm Moth
Dioryctria yatesiMountain Pineconeworm Moth
Dioryctria zimmermaniZimmerman Pine Moth
Ectropis crepusculariaThe Small Engrailed, Saddleback Looper
Elaphria versicolorVariegated Midget
Elasmopalpus lignosellaLesser Cornstalk Borer
Epinotia radicanaRed-Striped Needleworm Moth
Epirrita autumnataThe Autumnal Moth, November Moth
Euchlaena madusariaScrub Euchlaena
Euchlaena tigrinariaMotted Euchlaena
Eucopina cocanaShortleaf Pine Cone Borer
Eucopina gloriolaPine Shoot Borer, White-Pine Shoot Borer, Eastern Pine Shoot Borer
Eucopina monitoranaRed Pinecone Borer
Eucopina tocullionanaWhite Pine Cone Borer
Eufidonia convergariaPine Powder Moth
Eufidonia notatariaPowder Moth
Eupithecia misturataInsignificant Pug
Eupithecia palpataSmall Pine Looper, Palpata Pug
Eutrapela clematariaCurved-Tooth Geometer, Purplish Brown Looper
Exoteleia pinifoliellaPine Needle Miner
Feralia comstockiComstock's Sallow
Feralia jocosaJocose Sallow, The Joker
Feralia majorMajor Sallow, Pine Sallow
Givira annaAnna Carpenterworm Moth
Hesperumia sulphurariaSulphur Moth
Hydriomena divisariaBlack-Dashed Hydriomena, Transverse-Banded Looper
Hydriomena renunciataRenounced Hydriomena
Hydriomena transfigurataTransfigured Hydriomena
Hypagyrtis estherEsther Moth
Hypagyrtis piniataPine Measuringworm Moth, Pine Variant
Hypagyrtis unipunctataOne-Spotted Variant
Hyphantria cuneaFall Webworm
Hypoprepia miniataScarlet-Winged Lichen Moth
Hypsopygia intermedialisRed-Shawled Moth
Iridopsis vellivolataLarge Purplish Gray
Laetilia coccidivoraScale-Feeding Snout
Lambdina fervidariaCurve-Lined Looper Moth
Lambdina fiscellariaHemlock Looper, Western Oak Looper
Lambdina pellucidariaYellow-Headed Looper, Eastern Pine Looper
Lapara bombycoidesNorthern Pine Sphinx
Lapara coniferarumSouthern Pine Sphinx
Lithophane baileyiBailey's Pinion
Lithophane innominataNameless Pinion
Lithophane lepidaPine Pinion
Macaria bicolorataBicolored Angle
Macaria bisignataRed-Headed Inchworm
Macaria distribuariaSouthern Chocolate Angle
Macaria granitataGranite Moth
Macaria minorataMinor Angle
Macaria ulsterataBirch Angle, Peacock Moth
Macaria pinistrobataWhite Pine Angle
Macaria signariaPale-Marked Angle, Spruce-Fir Looper, Dusky Peacock
Macaria transitariaBlurry Chocolate Angle
Melanocinclis lineigeraLined Melanocinclis
Melanolophia canadariaCanadian Melanolphia, Variable Redmarked Looper
Metanema inatomariaPale Metanema
Moodna ostrinellaDarker Moodna
Moodna pallidostrinellaPaler Moodna
Morrisonia confusaConfused Woodgrain
Nematocampa resistariaFilament Bearer, Horned Spanworm Moth
Nepytia canosariaFalse Hemlock Looper Moth, Evergreen Span Worm
Nepytia semiclusariaPine Conelet Looper
Oiketicus abbotiiAbbot's Bagworm Moth
Orgyia leucostigmaWhite-Marked Tussock Moth
Orthosia hibisciSpeckled Green Fruitworm Moth, Speckled Green Quaker
Orthotaenia undulanaDusky Leafroller
Palthis angulalisDark-Spotted Palthis
Panthea acronyctoidesBlack Zigzag, Tufted Spruce Caterpillar
Panthea furcillaEastern Panthea, Tufted Pine Panthea
Paralobesia palliolanaSpruce Mlcromoth
Patalene olyzonariaJuniper Geometer
Pero morrisonariaMorrison's Pero
Platynota flavedanaBlack-Shaded Platynota
Platynota idaeusalisTufted Apple-Bud Moth
Platynota stultanaOmnivorous Leafroller
Pococera melanogrammosBlack-Letter Pococera
Pococera robustellaPine Webworm
Prochoerodes lineolaLarge Maple Spanworm Moth
Protoboarmia porcelariaPorcelain Gray, Dashedlined Looper
Retinia comstockianaPitch Twig Moth
Retinia gemistrigulanaGray Retinia
Retinia houseriMinute Pitch-Blister Moth
Retinia virginianaWenzel's Pitch-Blister Moth
Rhyacionia adanaPine Shoot Moth, Adana Pine Tip Moth
Rhyacionia busckanaRed Pine Tip Moth, Red Pine Shoot Borer
Rhyacionia frustranaNantucket Pine Tip Moth
Rhyacionia rigidanaPitch-Pine Tip Moth
Satronia tantillaSouthern Pine Catkinworm
Sicya maculariaSharp-Lined Yellow
Spaelotis clandestinaClandestine Dart, W-Marked Cutworm
Sparganothis sulfureanaSparganothis Fruitworm Moth, Sulfur Leafroller, False Yellow-Head
Sparganothis tristriataThree-Streaked Sparganothis
Sparganothis unifascianaOne-Lined Sparganothis
Spilosoma virginicaVirginian Tiger Moth, Yellow Woolybear Moth, Yellow Bear
Spodoptera frugiperdaFall Armyworm Moth
Strymon melinusGray Hairstreak
Synanthedon piniPitch Mass Borer
Synanthedon scitulaDogwood Borer, Pecan Borer
Syndemis afflictanaFall Dead-Leaf Roller, Gray Leafroller, Black-and-Grey Banded Leafroller
Syngrapha aliasSpruce Looper, Hooked Silver Y
Syngrapha rectangulaSalt-and-Pepper Looper Moth
Tetracis cachexiataWhite Slant-Line
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformisEvergreen Bagworm Moth
Tolype laricisLarch Tolype, Larch Lappet Moth
Tolype notialisSmall Tolype
Trichodezia albovittataWhite-Striped Black
Virbia aurantiacaOrange Virbia, Orange Holomelina
Xestia badicollisWhite Pine Cutworm, Northern Variable Dart, White Pine Dart, Northern Pine Dart
Xestia elimataSouthern Variable Dart, Southern Pine Dart
Xestia praeviaEarly Conifer Dart, Praevia Dart
Xylotype capaxBroad Sallow, Barrens Xylotype
Zale bethuneiBethune's Zale
Zale buchholziBuchholz's Zale
Zale confusaConfused Zale
Zale curemaBlack-Eyed Zale, Northeastern Pine Zale
Zale duplicataPine False Looper, Banded Zale
Zale helataBrown-Spotted Zale
Zale metataFawn Virginia Pine Zale
Zale metatoidesWashed-Out Zale
Zale obliquaOblique Zale
Zale squamularisGray-Banded Zale
Zale submedianaGray Spring Zale
Zanclognatha dentataToothed Zanclognatha, Toothed Fan-Foot
Zanclognatha marthaPine Barrens Zanclognatha, Pine Barrens Fan-Foot
Zanclognatha protumnusalisConifer Zanclognatha, Complex Fan-Foot
Zelleria haimbachiPine Needle Sheathminer
Asaphocrita aphidiella
Corticivora clarki
Dahlica walshella
Dioryctria taedae
Olethreutes coruscana
Rhyacionia aktita
Xenotemna pallorana

Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)

—BeesSoutheastern regional records

—Specialist beesPollen specialists

15BirdsRecorded genus food-resource interactions; not a state feeding claim

Recorded genus food-resource interactions; not a state feeding claim · Pinus

Alectoris chukarChukar
Anthus rubescensAmerican Pipit
Aythya collarisRing-necked Duck
Coccothraustes vespertinusEvening Grosbeak
Conuropsis carolinensisCarolina Parakeet
Dendragapus obscurusDusky Grouse
Falcipennis canadensisSpruce Grouse
Gymnorhinus cyanocephalusPinyon Jay
Loxia curvirostraRed Crossbill
Meleagris gallopavoWild Turkey

Show all 15

Nucifraga columbianaClark's Nutcracker
Patagioenas fasciataBand-tailed Pigeon
Pinicola enucleatorPine Grosbeak
Rhynchopsitta pachyrhynchaThick-billed Parrot
Setophaga pinusPine Warbler

Hurlbert, Olsen, Sawyer & Winner 2021, Avian Diet Database, Scientific Data 8: 260 (CC0)

Direct food only: birds recorded eating this genus across North America. Caterpillars on host plants also feed nesting birds. NC Native Plant Society: butterfly gardening

Growing and identification

Plant details

Family: Pinaceae
Flower color: Brown
Growth rate: Rapid
Growth habit: Single stem
Foliage color: Yellow-green
Fruit begins: Summer
Fruit ends: Fall

Safety has not been reviewed for this plant; check toxicity and thorns before planting.

Growing sources and scope

Bloom · “Spring” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Flower color · “Brown” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Foliage color · “Yellow-green” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Fruit begins · “Summer” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Fruit ends · “Fall” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Growth habit · “Single stem” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Growth rate · “Rapid” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Height · “About 80 feet” · USDA PLANTS (ranked first; Minnesota Wildflowers differs) · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Leaf retention · “Evergreen” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Life cycle · “Woody perennial” · Minnesota Wildflowers
Light · “Partial shade; Full shade (documented habitat)” · FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team), phone app (app page) · Carolinas and Georgia
Soil · “Dry; Moist (documented habitat)” · FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team), phone app (app page) · Carolinas and Georgia

Conservation status

Virginia rank	Not available
Global rank	G5
VA status	Not verified
Federal status	Not verified

Conservation source Global and federal source