Eastern White Pine
Pinus strobus
Found in moist to dry forests, bottomlands, dry, rocky ridges in humid gorges, also planted in timber plantations. FloraQuest, phone app (app page) What its natural habitat tells you
74
Strong
Native to Virginia. How scores work Is it native here?
Profile 100%
- Height
- 50–80 feet
- Spread
- 20–40 feet
- Light
- Full sun, Partial shade
- Soil moisture
- Somewhat dry to moist
Space about 30 ft apart from its recorded spread. Enter your bed size for a count
Will it fit your yard?
At a glance
- Life cycle
- Woody perennial
- Leaves
- Evergreen
- Bloom
- April
- Fruiting season
- August to September
JFMAMJJASOND
Recorded in 65 Virginia counties.
Natural habitats
Places it grows wild. Not a planting requirement.
Habitats
Moist forests; dry forests and woodlands; floodplain and bottomland forests.
Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there. All habitats
Also found with this plant
Wildlife whose habitat models include habitats this plant grows in, in Virginia. Shared habitat, not food. 152 animals.
- American GoldfinchCarduelis tristis
- American RobinTurdus migratorius
- Blue JayCyanocitta cristata
- Cedar WaxwingBombycilla cedrorum
- Common NighthawkChordeiles minor
- Common RavenCorvus corax
- Cooper's HawkAccipiter cooperii
- Downy WoodpeckerPicoides pubescens
- Eastern KingbirdTyrannus tyrannus
- Golden-crowned KingletRegulus satrapa
- Great Horned OwlBubo virginianus
- Hooded MerganserLophodytes cucullatus
- Northern FlickerColaptes auratus
- Northern MockingbirdMimus polyglottos
- Purple FinchCarpodacus purpureus
- Red-tailed HawkButeo jamaicensis
- Ruffed GrouseBonasa umbellus
- Sharp-shinned HawkAccipiter striatus
- Spotted SandpiperActitis macularius
- Turkey VultureCathartes aura
- Yellow-breasted ChatIcteria virens
- Yellow-rumped WarblerDendroica coronata
- American CrowCorvus brachyrhynchos
- American KestrelFalco sparverius
Ecological relationships
Who uses this plant?
175CaterpillarsGenus host records with ranges including VA
Genus host records with ranges including VA · Pinus
- Eacles imperialisImperial Moth
- Acleris varianaEastern Blackheaded Budworm
- Acronicta oblinitaSmeared Dagger
- Amorbia humerosanaWhite-Lined Leafroller Moth
- Anatrachyntis badiaFlorida Pink Scavanger Caterpillar
- Anavitrinella pampinariaCommon Gray, Cranberry Spanworm
- Antheraea polyphemusPolyphemus Moth
- Aplectoides conditaX
- Archips cerasivoranaCherry Tent Caterpillar, Cherry Worm, Ugly Nest Caterpillar
- Argyrotaenia pinatubanaPine Tube Moth
Show all 175
- Argyrotaenia tabulanaLodgepole Needletier
- Argyrotaenia velutinanaRed-Banded Leafroller Moth, Jack Pine Tube Moth
- Battaristis vittellaOrange Striped-Back Moth
- Callophrys niphonPine Elfin
- Callosamia prometheaPromethea Silkmoth, Promethea Moth
- Calosima dianellaEastern Pine Catkin Borer Moth
- Campaea perlataPale Beauty, Fringed Looper
- Caripeta angustiorataBrown Pine Looper Moth
- Caripeta aretariaSouthern Pine Looper Moth
- Caripeta divisataGray Spruce Looper Moth
- Celypha nr.Celypha Moth
- Choristoneura conflictanaLarge Aspen Tortrix
- Choristoneura fumiferanaSpruce Budworm Moth
- Choristoneura pinusJack Pine Budworm
- Choristoneura rosaceanaOblique-Banded Leafroller Moth, Rosaceous Leaf Roller
- Citheronia sepulcralisPine-Devil Moth
- Cladara limitariaMottled Gray Carpet, Yellow-Lined Conifer Looper, Yellow-Lined Forest Looper, Black-Angled Wave
- Clepsis persicanaWhite Triangle Tortrix
- Corticivora parvaBronze-Banded Corticivora
- Crocigrapha normaniNorman's Quaker
- Cydia ingensLongleaf Pine Seedworm Moth
- Cydia toreutaEastern Pine Seedworm
- Dasychira mantoRusty Tussock Moth, Manto Tussock Moth
- Dasychira plagiataNorthern Conifer Tussock Moth
- Dasychira vagansVariable Tussock Moth
- Decantha boreasellaReticulated Decantha Moth
- Dichomeris setosellaHairy Dichomeris
- Dioryctria abietivorellaEvergreen Coneworm Moth, Fir Coneworm
- Dioryctria amatellaSouthern Pine Coneworm
- Dioryctria clarioralisBlister Coneworm
- Dioryctria disclusaWebbing Coneworm
- Dioryctria merkeliLoblolly Pineconeworm
- Dioryctria taedivorellaLesser Loblolly Pineconeworm Moth
- Dioryctria yatesiMountain Pineconeworm Moth
- Dioryctria zimmermaniZimmerman Pine Moth
- Ectropis crepusculariaThe Small Engrailed, Saddleback Looper
- Elaphria versicolorVariegated Midget
- Elasmopalpus lignosellaLesser Cornstalk Borer
- Epinotia radicanaRed-Striped Needleworm Moth
- Epirrita autumnataThe Autumnal Moth, November Moth
- Euchlaena madusariaScrub Euchlaena
- Euchlaena tigrinariaMotted Euchlaena
- Eucopina cocanaShortleaf Pine Cone Borer
- Eucopina gloriolaPine Shoot Borer, White-Pine Shoot Borer, Eastern Pine Shoot Borer
- Eucopina monitoranaRed Pinecone Borer
- Eucopina tocullionanaWhite Pine Cone Borer
- Eufidonia convergariaPine Powder Moth
- Eufidonia notatariaPowder Moth
- Eupithecia misturataInsignificant Pug
- Eupithecia palpataSmall Pine Looper, Palpata Pug
- Eutrapela clematariaCurved-Tooth Geometer, Purplish Brown Looper
- Exoteleia pinifoliellaPine Needle Miner
- Feralia comstockiComstock's Sallow
- Feralia jocosaJocose Sallow, The Joker
- Feralia majorMajor Sallow, Pine Sallow
- Givira annaAnna Carpenterworm Moth
- Hesperumia sulphurariaSulphur Moth
- Hydriomena divisariaBlack-Dashed Hydriomena, Transverse-Banded Looper
- Hydriomena renunciataRenounced Hydriomena
- Hydriomena transfigurataTransfigured Hydriomena
- Hypagyrtis estherEsther Moth
- Hypagyrtis piniataPine Measuringworm Moth, Pine Variant
- Hypagyrtis unipunctataOne-Spotted Variant
- Hyphantria cuneaFall Webworm
- Hypoprepia miniataScarlet-Winged Lichen Moth
- Hypsopygia intermedialisRed-Shawled Moth
- Iridopsis vellivolataLarge Purplish Gray
- Laetilia coccidivoraScale-Feeding Snout
- Lambdina fervidariaCurve-Lined Looper Moth
- Lambdina fiscellariaHemlock Looper, Western Oak Looper
- Lambdina pellucidariaYellow-Headed Looper, Eastern Pine Looper
- Lapara bombycoidesNorthern Pine Sphinx
- Lapara coniferarumSouthern Pine Sphinx
- Lithophane baileyiBailey's Pinion
- Lithophane innominataNameless Pinion
- Lithophane lepidaPine Pinion
- Macaria bicolorataBicolored Angle
- Macaria bisignataRed-Headed Inchworm
- Macaria distribuariaSouthern Chocolate Angle
- Macaria granitataGranite Moth
- Macaria minorataMinor Angle
- Macaria ulsterataBirch Angle, Peacock Moth
- Macaria pinistrobataWhite Pine Angle
- Macaria signariaPale-Marked Angle, Spruce-Fir Looper, Dusky Peacock
- Macaria transitariaBlurry Chocolate Angle
- Melanocinclis lineigeraLined Melanocinclis
- Melanolophia canadariaCanadian Melanolphia, Variable Redmarked Looper
- Metanema inatomariaPale Metanema
- Moodna ostrinellaDarker Moodna
- Moodna pallidostrinellaPaler Moodna
- Morrisonia confusaConfused Woodgrain
- Nematocampa resistariaFilament Bearer, Horned Spanworm Moth
- Nepytia canosariaFalse Hemlock Looper Moth, Evergreen Span Worm
- Nepytia semiclusariaPine Conelet Looper
- Oiketicus abbotiiAbbot's Bagworm Moth
- Orgyia leucostigmaWhite-Marked Tussock Moth
- Orthosia hibisciSpeckled Green Fruitworm Moth, Speckled Green Quaker
- Orthotaenia undulanaDusky Leafroller
- Palthis angulalisDark-Spotted Palthis
- Panthea acronyctoidesBlack Zigzag, Tufted Spruce Caterpillar
- Panthea furcillaEastern Panthea, Tufted Pine Panthea
- Paralobesia palliolanaSpruce Mlcromoth
- Patalene olyzonariaJuniper Geometer
- Pero morrisonariaMorrison's Pero
- Platynota flavedanaBlack-Shaded Platynota
- Platynota idaeusalisTufted Apple-Bud Moth
- Platynota stultanaOmnivorous Leafroller
- Pococera melanogrammosBlack-Letter Pococera
- Pococera robustellaPine Webworm
- Prochoerodes lineolaLarge Maple Spanworm Moth
- Protoboarmia porcelariaPorcelain Gray, Dashedlined Looper
- Retinia comstockianaPitch Twig Moth
- Retinia gemistrigulanaGray Retinia
- Retinia houseriMinute Pitch-Blister Moth
- Retinia virginianaWenzel's Pitch-Blister Moth
- Rhyacionia adanaPine Shoot Moth, Adana Pine Tip Moth
- Rhyacionia busckanaRed Pine Tip Moth, Red Pine Shoot Borer
- Rhyacionia frustranaNantucket Pine Tip Moth
- Rhyacionia rigidanaPitch-Pine Tip Moth
- Satronia tantillaSouthern Pine Catkinworm
- Sicya maculariaSharp-Lined Yellow
- Spaelotis clandestinaClandestine Dart, W-Marked Cutworm
- Sparganothis sulfureanaSparganothis Fruitworm Moth, Sulfur Leafroller, False Yellow-Head
- Sparganothis tristriataThree-Streaked Sparganothis
- Sparganothis unifascianaOne-Lined Sparganothis
- Spilosoma virginicaVirginian Tiger Moth, Yellow Woolybear Moth, Yellow Bear
- Spodoptera frugiperdaFall Armyworm Moth
- Strymon melinusGray Hairstreak
- Synanthedon piniPitch Mass Borer
- Synanthedon scitulaDogwood Borer, Pecan Borer
- Syndemis afflictanaFall Dead-Leaf Roller, Gray Leafroller, Black-and-Grey Banded Leafroller
- Syngrapha aliasSpruce Looper, Hooked Silver Y
- Syngrapha rectangulaSalt-and-Pepper Looper Moth
- Tetracis cachexiataWhite Slant-Line
- Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformisEvergreen Bagworm Moth
- Tolype laricisLarch Tolype, Larch Lappet Moth
- Tolype notialisSmall Tolype
- Trichodezia albovittataWhite-Striped Black
- Virbia aurantiacaOrange Virbia, Orange Holomelina
- Xestia badicollisWhite Pine Cutworm, Northern Variable Dart, White Pine Dart, Northern Pine Dart
- Xestia elimataSouthern Variable Dart, Southern Pine Dart
- Xestia praeviaEarly Conifer Dart, Praevia Dart
- Xylotype capaxBroad Sallow, Barrens Xylotype
- Zale bethuneiBethune's Zale
- Zale buchholziBuchholz's Zale
- Zale confusaConfused Zale
- Zale curemaBlack-Eyed Zale, Northeastern Pine Zale
- Zale duplicataPine False Looper, Banded Zale
- Zale helataBrown-Spotted Zale
- Zale metataFawn Virginia Pine Zale
- Zale metatoidesWashed-Out Zale
- Zale obliquaOblique Zale
- Zale squamularisGray-Banded Zale
- Zale submedianaGray Spring Zale
- Zanclognatha dentataToothed Zanclognatha, Toothed Fan-Foot
- Zanclognatha marthaPine Barrens Zanclognatha, Pine Barrens Fan-Foot
- Zanclognatha protumnusalisConifer Zanclognatha, Complex Fan-Foot
- Zelleria haimbachiPine Needle Sheathminer
- Asaphocrita aphidiella
- Corticivora clarki
- Dahlica walshella
- Dioryctria taedae
- Olethreutes coruscana
- Rhyacionia aktita
- Xenotemna pallorana
1BeesSoutheastern regional records
Southeastern regional records · Pinus
Individual names are not available yet.
Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0
0Specialist beesPollen specialists
15BirdsRecorded genus food-resource interactions; not a state feeding claim
Recorded genus food-resource interactions; not a state feeding claim · Pinus
- Alectoris chukarChukar
- Anthus rubescensAmerican Pipit
- Aythya collarisRing-necked Duck
- Coccothraustes vespertinusEvening Grosbeak
- Conuropsis carolinensisCarolina Parakeet
- Dendragapus obscurusDusky Grouse
- Falcipennis canadensisSpruce Grouse
- Gymnorhinus cyanocephalusPinyon Jay
- Loxia curvirostraRed Crossbill
- Meleagris gallopavoWild Turkey
Show all 15
- Nucifraga columbianaClark's Nutcracker
- Patagioenas fasciataBand-tailed Pigeon
- Pinicola enucleatorPine Grosbeak
- Rhynchopsitta pachyrhynchaThick-billed Parrot
- Setophaga pinusPine Warbler
Direct food only: birds recorded eating this genus across North America. Caterpillars on host plants also feed nesting birds. NC Native Plant Society: butterfly gardening
No records yet · Ants · Beetles · Flies · Adult butterflies / moths · Other wasps · Other insects
Growing and identification
Plant details
- Family
- Pinaceae
- Hardiness
- Zones 3a–8b
- Soil pH
- Acidic
- Flower color
- Yellow, green, inconspicuous or red
- Growth rate
- Rapid
- Growth habit
- Single stem
- Foliage color
- Dark green
- Fruit begins
- August
- Fruit ends
- September
Safety has not been reviewed for this plant; check toxicity and thorns before planting.
Growing sources and scope
- Bloom · “April” · FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team), phone app (app page) (ranked first; USDA PLANTS differs) · Carolinas and Georgia
- Flower color · “Yellow, green, inconspicuous or red” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox (ranked first; USDA PLANTS differs)
- Foliage color · “Dark green” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
- Fruit begins · “August” · FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team), phone app (app page) (ranked first; USDA PLANTS differs) · Carolinas and Georgia
- Fruit ends · “September” · FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team), phone app (app page) (ranked first; USDA PLANTS differs) · Carolinas and Georgia
- Growth habit · “Single stem” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
- Growth rate · “Rapid” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
- Hardiness · “Zones 3a–8b” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Height · “50–80 feet” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox (ranked first; USDA PLANTS, Minnesota Wildflowers differ)
- Leaves · “Evergreen” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Life cycle · “Woody perennial” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Light · “Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day); Partial shade (direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox (ranked first; Tennessee Smart Yards, Virginia DCR Piedmont, Virginia DCR Coastal Plain differ)
- Soil · “Moist; Occasionally dry” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox (ranked first; Tennessee Smart Yards, Virginia DCR Piedmont, Virginia DCR Coastal Plain differ)
- Soil pH · “Acidic” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
- Spread · “20–40 feet” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Also known as
White Pine
Conservation status
| Virginia rank | S5 |
|---|---|
| Global rank | G5 |
| VA status | Not verified |
| Federal status | Not verified |
In your garden
Will it fit your yard?
Check this plant against your county, sun and soil moisture. Conditions are checked in your browser.
Choose a county to begin.
Sources
- Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora
- USDA PLANTS
- Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program)
- NatureServe Explorer
- Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)
- Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0
- Smith, Bachelder, Russell, Morales, Mosher & Seltmann 2024, Bee-Specialization-Modeling v0.6.1 (specialist host table compiled from J. Fowler's pollen specialist bee lists), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0
- Hurlbert, Olsen, Sawyer & Winner 2021, Avian Diet Database, Scientific Data 8: 260 (CC0)
- Narango, Tallamy & Shropshire 2020, Few keystone plant genera support the majority of Lepidoptera species, Nature Communications