{"assessment":{"band":"Keystone","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Viola appalachiensis"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established West Virginia range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":80,"composite":0.852,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.8746898263027295,"birds":0.9013647642679901,"caterpillars":0.8964019851116626,"specialists":0.890818858560794,"structure":0.5},"rank_pct":0.861,"raw":{"bees":16,"birds":8,"caterpillars":29,"genus_used":["Viola","not"],"specialists":1,"structure":["Forb/herb"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_supported","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using West Virginia host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a West Virginia percentile","score":80,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"S4"},"source_ids":["lep_wv","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:a6c6a912f7e6b83014af1ff6ed0f3ce6378d82f8b5aa614663161ea740f73fa5","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:573234d7f5b5acab51cec9d77cb1be41d4bc068ab28241baa0c47507a68a7026","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_supported"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["54023","54077","54083","54093","54101"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["54023","54077","54083","54093","54101"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"floraquest_northern_tier","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia south to sw. 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North Carolina.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"native","record_id":3635,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"WV","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S4","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149051/Viola_appalachiensis"}],"native_explanation":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Northern Tier edition (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (GA-NC-SC, NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program), Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition.","native_provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"floraquest_northern_tier","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["natureserve_explorer:WV:ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149051"],"source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149051","state_rank":"S4"},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149051","state_rank":{"value":"S4"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"fit_record":{"band":"Keystone","condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:a6c6a912f7e6b83014af1ff6ed0f3ce6378d82f8b5aa614663161ea740f73fa5","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:573234d7f5b5acab51cec9d77cb1be41d4bc068ab28241baa0c47507a68a7026","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["51077","54023","54077","54083","54093","54101"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":80,"state":"WV"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","source_record_id":3635,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Moist loam on stream terraces in mesic forests, rich cove forests, and on mafic or ultramafic rocks especially in seepage, serpentine barrens."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia south to sw. North Carolina."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Chasmogamous flower Apr-June; chasmogamous fruit Jun; cleistogamous fruit Sep."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= K1, K4, NS, Pa, POWO, WV, Ballard () (in prep), Ballard (1992a), Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023); = n/a — RAB; = Viola walteri House var. appalachiensis (L.K.Henry) L.E.McKinney ex S.P.Grund & B.L.Isaac — FNA6, McKinney & Russell (2002)]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":"See Grund & Isaac (2007) and Ballard & Wujek (1994) for discussion of the taxonomy of this species."},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":"This species and V. walteri are our only mat-forming members of subsect. Rostratae . This species could be mistaken for V. labradorica in flower or fruit if the mat-forming habit with node-rooting stolons were ignored. It differs from V. striata by its mat-forming habit and pale blue corolla. It is distinct from V. walteri in foliage lacking pubescence except for scattered subappressed hairs on the upper surface of leaf blades, uniformly green leaves, weakly lacerate stipules, and other features as noted in the key. The herbaceous lacerate stipules with nonglandular processes would distinguish it in fruit from stoloniferous members of subsect. Stolonosae ."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"Organism","value":5},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3635,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_mt,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"bil","Attr15":"bl,pur","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSS","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"pr","Attr6":"glb,pub","Attr7":"alt,ba","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"in,wi"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"See Grund & Isaac (2007) and Ballard & Wujek (1994) for discussion of the taxonomy of this species.","geographic_range_description":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia south to sw. North Carolina.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_mt,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"bil","Attr15":"bl,pur","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSS","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"pr","Attr6":"glb,pub","Attr7":"alt,ba","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"in,wi"},"habitat_description":"Moist loam on stream terraces in mesic forests, rich cove forests, and on mafic or ultramafic rocks especially in seepage, serpentine barrens.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":5,"identification_notes":"This species and V. walteri are our only mat-forming members of subsect. Rostratae . This species could be mistaken for V. labradorica in flower or fruit if the mat-forming habit with node-rooting stolons were ignored. It differs from V. striata by its mat-forming habit and pale blue corolla. It is distinct from V. walteri in foliage lacking pubescence except for scattered subappressed hairs on the upper surface of leaf blades, uniformly green leaves, weakly lacerate stipules, and other features as noted in the key. The herbaceous lacerate stipules with nonglandular processes would distinguish it in fruit from stoloniferous members of subsect. Stolonosae .","phenology_source_text":"Chasmogamous flower Apr-June; chasmogamous fruit Jun; cleistogamous fruit Sep.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= K1, K4, NS, Pa, POWO, WV, Ballard () (in prep), Ballard (1992a), Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023); = n/a — RAB; = Viola walteri House var. appalachiensis (L.K.Henry) L.E.McKinney ex S.P.Grund & B.L.Isaac — FNA6, McKinney & Russell (2002)]"}},"wildflower_center":{"matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","retrieved":"2026-10-03T21:58:52.123137+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_sha256":"af4f1d7b7db81658b0b2e87ad8828946e340700217763a32087958583117b673","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VIAP","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:1083e05d57948ee287d82df226c17594ac9dd343f09ee6ea204beba3faf4d8d2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:58:52.123137+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","source_sha256":"af4f1d7b7db81658b0b2e87ad8828946e340700217763a32087958583117b673","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VIAP","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:b0346b8a-3fff-572b-9487-40532c45e700","value":["Perennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:86c9ad359d01632815026ced590f549753d6039c7e1158471b709a3b74f0a086","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:58:52.123137+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","source_sha256":"af4f1d7b7db81658b0b2e87ad8828946e340700217763a32087958583117b673","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=VIAP","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:b0346b8a-3fff-572b-9487-40532c45e700","value":["White","Violet"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["White","Violet"],"life_cycle":["Perennial"]}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia south to sw. North Carolina.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia south to sw. North Carolina.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text names West Virginia","claim":"native","scope":"WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia south to sw. North Carolina.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"native","record_id":3635,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Viola appalachiensis","scope":"WV","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S4","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149051/Viola_appalachiensis"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"floraquest_northern_tier","explanation":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Northern Tier edition (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (GA-NC-SC, NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program), Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition.","label":"Native to West Virginia (state-specific source)","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"floraquest_northern_tier","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"native_supported"},"source_name":"Viola appalachiensis","taxon_id":"taxon:b0346b8a-3fff-572b-9487-40532c45e700","revision":"publish:d412fcf4-883a-4c06-b542-542693807821","photos":[]}