{"assessment":{"band":"Strong","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Sambucus racemosa"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established West Virginia range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":73,"composite":0.802,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.6358560794044665,"birds":0.9968982630272953,"caterpillars":0.9125310173697271,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":1},"rank_pct":0.794,"raw":{"bees":3,"birds":49,"caterpillars":34,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Shrub","Tree"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_supported","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using West Virginia host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a West Virginia percentile","score":73,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"S4"},"source_ids":["lep_wv","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:75c25a704078f84b098b606a1bf7709bcb1ef814d493d1b2339eb352f1eac22f","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:8295cc864ffb8b80c7be56ba8b538584a0829ac7b35f96b51c7c6d0dfb442381","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Shrub","Tree"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_supported"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["54025","54061","54069","54071","54077","54093"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["54025","54061","54069","54071","54077","54093"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"natureserve_explorer","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:N CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus pubens","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","scope":"WV","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S4","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140704/Sambucus_racemosa"}],"native_explanation":"NatureServe Explorer (garden or conservation group, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","native_provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"natureserve_explorer","specificity":"state","tier":"organization"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["natureserve_explorer:WV:ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140704"],"source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140704","state_rank":"S4"},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140704","state_rank":{"value":"S4"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[2,4],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 11 NC counties","light":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","moisture":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder"},"fit_record":{"band":"Strong","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:75c25a704078f84b098b606a1bf7709bcb1ef814d493d1b2339eb352f1eac22f","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:8295cc864ffb8b80c7be56ba8b538584a0829ac7b35f96b51c7c6d0dfb442381","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13083","13111","13281","37011","37021","37027","37075","37087","37099","37121","37173","37175","37189","37199","54025","54061","54069","54071","54077","54093"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[2,4],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 11 NC counties","light":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","moisture":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":73,"state":"WV"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"minnesota_wildflowers":{"matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:39:43.049125+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Minnesota Wildflowers","source_sha256":"e35a79c565b96478c726777daa790b92b085898283d87a7a2aa7c96e35d53cec","source_url":"https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/shrub/red-berried-elder","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:94364cc2e8df4c05bb37f773299ebb5c74e3b2b7ab1ddfe0c5c6d9394f427c1c","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:39:43.049125+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"minnesota","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"e35a79c565b96478c726777daa790b92b085898283d87a7a2aa7c96e35d53cec","source_url":"https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/shrub/red-berried-elder","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":{"max":14,"min":3,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:9f2881008631e6076409bf00b7feb3052fe0d9efc44b8443113e6df03be3d1c8","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:39:43.049125+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"minnesota","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"e35a79c565b96478c726777daa790b92b085898283d87a7a2aa7c96e35d53cec","source_url":"https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/shrub/red-berried-elder","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":["perennial woody"]}],"values":{"height_description":"3–14 feet","life_cycle":["perennial woody"]}},"mobot_plantfinder":{"matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","retrieved":"2026-10-05T19:44:43.549975+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","source_sha256":"6144e008e6e0a21b7cb79f04e1f6d5af147b2d64157d0d5abed0246c91d8f085","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus pubens","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:33aa169007983d51c04411501e2f8f4fa3add82544093d66eb2db975bc89a947","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:44:43.549975+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"mobot","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"6144e008e6e0a21b7cb79f04e1f6d5af147b2d64157d0d5abed0246c91d8f085","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":["Medium to wet"]},{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus pubens","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:5b9f27187cedfa02ce53cee9872c914ff2433869b9ce582f90fa2a498afb7f8a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:44:43.549975+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"mobot","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"6144e008e6e0a21b7cb79f04e1f6d5af147b2d64157d0d5abed0246c91d8f085","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":["3 to 7"]},{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus pubens","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:603662a1740fe92b46904c6d404dd7a923b6adfdd2fbffe411a4351c8a5797ef","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:44:43.549975+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"mobot","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"6144e008e6e0a21b7cb79f04e1f6d5af147b2d64157d0d5abed0246c91d8f085","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":{"max":12,"min":8,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus pubens","field":"spread_description","original_field":"spread","record_id":"trait:d7e9ea6039b204999bd853222002747badb100833a9484ca1b58b60fb04e69a2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:44:43.549975+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"mobot","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"6144e008e6e0a21b7cb79f04e1f6d5af147b2d64157d0d5abed0246c91d8f085","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":{"max":15,"min":8,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Sambucus pubens","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:fadfd0770a374119239a50d6b3b033e8f527e6c05665549f89ca505b63e26043","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:44:43.549975+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"mobot","source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","source_sha256":"6144e008e6e0a21b7cb79f04e1f6d5af147b2d64157d0d5abed0246c91d8f085","source_url":"https://plantfinder.mobot.org/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=278937&isprofile=0&n=1","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","value":["Full sun to part shade"]}],"values":{"hardiness_zones":["3 to 7"],"height_description":"8–12 feet","light":["Full sun to part shade"],"moisture_categories":["Medium to wet"],"spread_description":"8–15 feet"}},"prairie_moon_2026":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","page":13,"retrieved":"2026-09-30T18:00:34.396046+00:00","row_top":584.864,"scope":"Nursery cultural guide; height in flower; moisture categories retained as printed","source_label":"Prairie Moon 2026 Cultural Guide","source_sha256":"a0653d627b36184cd6bdd39aaea55efe2c15be3899976de28f978edc07a23cf1","source_url":"https://www.prairiemoon.com/catalogs/Prairie-Moon-Nursery-Cultural-Guide-2026.pdf","values":{"bloom_season":["April","May"],"flower_color":["Cream"],"height_description":"12 feet (in flower)","light":["Part shade (3–6 hours)","Shade (under 3 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Mesic","Dry-mesic"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:N CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus pubens","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Sambucus racemosa","scope":"WV","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S4","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140704/Sambucus_racemosa"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"natureserve_explorer","explanation":"NatureServe Explorer (garden or conservation group, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","label":"Native to West Virginia (state-specific source)","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"natureserve_explorer","specificity":"state","tier":"organization"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"native_supported"},"source_name":"Sambucus racemosa","taxon_id":"taxon:4b16a1a5-a671-58f6-81fc-be1316036040","revision":"publish:d412fcf4-883a-4c06-b542-542693807821","photos":[{"id":"sambucus-racemosa-158498848","src":"/api/photos/image/f0742c784b1e022941bf04fcbd3de86f3ff95ae8c735cee580a44c087a72489a.jpg","view":"fruit","alt":"Sambucus racemosa — fruit photograph","width":960,"height":641,"artist":"Flocci Nivis","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20220621_Sambucus_racemosa_01.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching","kind":"photo"}]}