Bird

Double-crested Cormorant

Phalacrocorax auritus

Lives in Virginia all year and nests here. Found in all 133 counties and cities, across 19 habitats.

Here: All year
Nesting: Nests here
Range: All 133 counties and cities
Habitats: 19

Male Double-crested Cormorant, whole bird — **Male**. (c) Bob Nieman, some rights reserved (CC BY). CC BY. iNaturalist photo 182156141. iNaturalist large derivative; no local crop or retouch.

At a glance

Group: Birds
Here: All year
Nesting: Nests here
Range: All 133 counties and cities
Habitats: 19
Habitat models: Summer, Winter

Where it lives

The places its habitat model includes. It is not found everywhere a habitat occurs.

Habitats in Virginia 19

Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.

1 of 19

SummerWinterCentral Interior and Appalachian Riparian Systems; South-Central Interior Small Stream and RiparianFrederic Edwin Church, Autumn Landscape in North Carolina (1865-70): a boulder-strewn mountain river under autumn-coloured ridges. Regional view: the painting does not name the exact site. Shown: North Carolina mountains (Frederic Edwin Church, oil sketch 1865-70; Cooper Hewitt), a neighboring state.Drawing, Autumn Landscape in North Carolina, 1865–70, Frederic Edwin Church, 1865-1870. Public domain. Source record.

SummerWinterAtlantic Coastal Plain Streamhead Seepage Swamp - Pocosin - and Baygall; Central Interior and Appalachian Swamp Systems; Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Tidal Wooded Swamp; Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Tidal Wooded Swamp; Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Basin Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Taxodium/Nyssa Modifier; Southern Piedmont/Ridge and Valley Upland Depression SwampWilliam McIlvaine, The Chickahominy Swamp (1862): wind-tossed swamp trees standing in dark water under a storm. Chickahominy Swamp, VirginiaThe Chickahominy Swamp LCCN2004661405, William McIlvaine (1813-1867), 1862. Public domain. Source record.

Coastal dunes and beaches

Open sand of beaches, dunes and the hollows between them.

SummerWinterAtlantic Coastal Plain Northern Sandy Beach; Unconsolidated Shore (Beach/Dune)

Disturbed and introduced wetlands

Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.

SummerWinter

Floodplain and bottomland forests

Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.

SummerWinterAtlantic Coastal Plain Blackwater Stream Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier; Central Appalachian Riparian - Forest Modifier; South-Central Interior Large Floodplain - Forest Modifier; Southern Piedmont Large Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier; Central Interior and Appalachian Floodplain Systems; Central Interior and Appalachian Riparian Systems; Southern Piedmont Small Floodplain and Riparian Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Brownwater River Floodplain Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Brownwater Stream Floodplain Forest; South-Central Interior Small Stream and Riparian; South-Central Interior Large Floodplain

Hardwood and oak flatwoods

Flat, poorly drained uplands and terraces with oaks, sweetgum and sometimes loblolly pine, wet in winter and dry in summer, but neither a floodplain nor a swamp.

SummerWinterAtlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Oak Dominated Modifier

Pine flatwoods

Flat, sandy Coastal Plain pine woodlands, wetter than sandhills and denser than savannas.

SummerWinterCentral Atlantic Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods

Pine savannas

Open, fire-kept longleaf pine stands over grasses and wildflowers on wet to moist sandy soil.

SummerWinterCentral Atlantic Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods

Pocosins and bay forests

Dense evergreen shrub wetlands and bay forests on wet, acid peat of the Coastal Plain.

SummerWinterAtlantic Coastal Plain Peatland Pocosin; Atlantic Coastal Plain Streamhead Seepage Swamp - Pocosin - and Baygall

Ponds, lakes and their shores

Still water and its edges: ponds, lakes, millponds and reservoirs.

SummerWinterOpen Water (Fresh)

Sounds, bays and tidal flats

Salt and brackish open water of sounds, bays and estuaries, with the mud and sand flats and seagrass beds that tides cover and uncover; the vegetated marsh is salt and brackish marshes.

SummerWinterOpen Water (Brackish/Salt)

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Cumberland Sandstone Glade and BarrensBald Face above Lake Fairfield, Sapphire, North Carolina: a bare granite dome rising above forest and a still lake (photochrom print, about 1902). Shown: Bald Face (Big Bald Face) above Lake Fairfield, Sapphire, Jackson County, North Carolina, a neighboring state.Bald Face from Lake Fairfield, Sapphire, N.C., Detroit Publishing Co. (photochrom print), c. 1902. Public domain. Source record.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Southern Piedmont Mesic Forest; South-Central Interior Mesophytic Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood and Mixed ForestHarvey Joiner, Woods Scene: tall beeches in a moist Kentucky woodland, light falling through a closed canopy onto a damp forest floor. Regional view: the painting does not name the exact site. Shown: Kentucky beech woods (Harvey Joiner, Louisville painter of Kentucky beech forests; the painting does not name the site), a neighboring state.Woods Scene, Harvey Joiner, c. 1880-1920. Public domain. Source record.

Dry forests and woodlands

Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Central and Southern Appalachian Montane Oak Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry and Dry-Mesic Oak Forest; Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Hardwood Modifier; Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry Hardwood Forest; Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest; Central Appalachian Oak and Pine Forest; Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest; Central Appalachian Pine-Oak Rocky Woodland

Glades, barrens and outcrops on limestone

Open, thin-soil openings and rock on limestone, dolomite or other lime-rich rock, including cedar glades.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Ridge and Valley Calcareous Valley Bottom Glade and Woodland

Maritime forests and thickets

Salt-pruned forests and shrub thickets behind coastal dunes.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Maritime Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Maritime Forest

Moderately dry forests

Forests between dry and moist, often oak-hickory on slopes.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Northeastern Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest; Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry and Dry-Mesic Oak Forest

Northern hardwood forests

High mountain forests of beech, yellow birch and sugar maple, including boulderfield forests.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.

Tree plantations and managed pine

Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.

SummerWinterOnly within 250 m of water.Deciduous Plantation; Evergreen Plantation or Managed Pine

Other habitats in its models (134)

Land cover, or classes with no habitat page in Virginia. Those recorded in Virginia first, the rest by region.

In Virginia 2

Atlantic Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Piedmont Glade and Barrens Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.

Elsewhere in the South (82)

Atlantic Coastal Plain Sea Island Beach Summer and winter.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Beach Summer and winter.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Maritime Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Wet Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer and winter.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Xeric River Dune Summer and winter.
Central and South Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Winter, only within 250 m of water.
Central Florida Pine Flatwoods Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Central Interior Highlands Calcareous Glade and Barrens Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Central Interior Highlands Dry Acidic Glade and Barrens Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Crosstimbers Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Cumberland Riverscour Summer and winter.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Limestone Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Maritime Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Bluff Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loblolly-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loess Bluff Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Mesic Slope Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Tidal Wooded Swamp Summer and winter.
East-Central Texas Plains Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East-Central Texas Plains Post Oak Savanna and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East-Central Texas Plains Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
Edwards Plateau Limestone Savanna and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Louisiana Beach Summer and winter.
Lower Mississippi River Dune Woodland and Forest Summer and winter.
Lower Mississippi River Flatwoods Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Mississippi Delta Maritime Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Mississippi River Alluvial Plain Dry-Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Mississippi River Bottomland Depression Summer and winter.
Mississippi River Low Floodplain (Bottomland) Forest Summer and winter.
Mississippi River Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
Nashville Basin Limestone Glade Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Northern Crowley's Ridge Sand Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Ouachita Montane Oak Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Ozark-Ouachita Dry Oak Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Ozark-Ouachita Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Ozark-Ouachita Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Ozark-Ouachita Riparian Summer and winter.
Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Red River Large Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
South Florida Bayhead Swamp Summer and winter.
South Florida Cypress Dome Summer and winter.
South Florida Dwarf Cypress Savanna Summer and winter.
South Florida Hardwood Hammock Summer and winter.
South Florida Mangrove Swamp Summer and winter.
South Florida Pine Flatwoods Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
South Florida Pine Rockland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
South Florida Shell Hash Beach Summer and winter.
South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Wet Flatwoods Summer and winter.
Southeast Florida Beach Summer and winter.
Southeast Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Summer and winter.
Southeastern Interior Longleaf Pine Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Coastal Plain Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Coastal Plain Hydric Hammock Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Cypress Dome Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Oak Dome and Hammock Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Summer and winter.
Southern Crowley's Ridge Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Interior Low Plateau Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southwest Florida Beach Summer and winter.
Southwest Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Summer and winter.
Texas Coastal Bend Beach Winter.
Upper Texas Coast Beach Winter.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Chenier and Upper Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Large River Swamp Summer and winter.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Nonriverine Wet Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Sandhill Oak and Shortleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Summer and winter.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Forest Summer and winter.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer and winter.

Northeast (3)

Central Appalachian Alkaline Glade and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
North-Central Interior Wet Flatwoods Summer and winter.
Northeastern Interior Pine Barrens Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.

Midwest (4)

North-Central Interior Beech-Maple Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
North-Central Interior Dry Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
North-Central Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
North-Central Interior Maple-Basswood Forest Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.

Land cover and other classes (43)

Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Forested Wetland Summer and winter.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-Line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Central Interior and Appalachian Shrub-Herbaceous Wetland Systems Summer and winter.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Woodland Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Plain Dry Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest - Offsite Pine Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Juniper Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Eastern Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer and winter.
Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Introduced Upland Vegetation - Treed Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Lower Mississippi River Bottomland Depressions - Forest Modifier Summer and winter.
Mississippi River Floodplain and Riparian Forest Summer and winter.
Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Virginia/Pitch Pine Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest-Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Open Water (Aquaculture) Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Bay/Gum Modifier Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Clethra Modifier Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Pine Modifier Summer and winter.
Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Taxodium Modifier Summer and winter.
Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Loblolly Pine Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-Heath Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest - Pine modifier Summer and winter, only within 250 m of water.
Tamaulipan Riparian Systems Summer and winter.
Unconsolidated Shore Summer and winter.
Unconsolidated Shore (Lake/River/Pond) Summer and winter.
Western Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer and winter.