{"assessment":{"band":"Not native","fit_score":null,"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Reported non-native to Virginia.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Virginia percentile","score":null,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"state_rank":"SNA"},"status":"not_native","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:ca37d44796bd66c0bf3fdc2bfdc1dade1592705e274c791911c539f5cf990106","levels":[4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[4,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:ad2b12d3fb9c39f9256bec0660ab9dad12a8484935a9e95971a74e3719d6f20f","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["51001","51059","51073","51093","51099","51103","51115","51119","51131","51193","51199","51550","51650","51700","51710","51740","51810"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["51001","51059","51073","51093","51099","51103","51115","51119","51131","51193","51199","51550","51650","51700","51710","51740","51810"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"natureserve_explorer","native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Salsola kali","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:W L48:I SPM:W","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Salsola kali","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Salsola kali","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SNA","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149933/Salsola_kali"}],"native_explanation":"NatureServe Explorer (garden or conservation group, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","native_provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"natureserve_explorer","specificity":"state","tier":"organization"},"native_status":"not_native","package_native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["va_atlas:VA:2446"],"source_name":"Salsola kali","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=2446","state_rank":"SNA"},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=2446","state_rank":{"value":"SNA"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[4,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 6 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Not native","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:ca37d44796bd66c0bf3fdc2bfdc1dade1592705e274c791911c539f5cf990106","levels":[4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[4,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:ad2b12d3fb9c39f9256bec0660ab9dad12a8484935a9e95971a74e3719d6f20f","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13127","13191","37019","37031","37055","37069","37095","37129","45013","45019","45029","45043","45081","51001","51059","51073","51093","51099","51103","51115","51119","51131","51193","51199","51550","51650","51700","51710","51740","51810"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[4,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 6 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":null,"state":"VA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Salsola kali","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Salsola kali","source_record_id":84511,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Upper beaches, fore-dunes, and island-end flats, rarely inland in disturbed areas."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa; usually considered to be introduced in North America, possibly native, at least in part."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Jun-frost."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, K4, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tx, Va, Judd & Ferguson (1999); = Kali turgidum (Dumort.) 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Akhani & Roalson; Salsola kali L. — Tat; Salsola kali L. ssp. kali — NS; > Salsola kali L. var. caroliniana (Walter) Nutt. — F; > Salsola kali L. var. kali — F, G]"},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":9},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACU"}]},{"field":"wetland_source_note","source_column":"WetlandNote","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"Organism","value":"taxonomic split from wetland indicator species"},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":84511,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,","Attr12":"e","Attr13":"nd,rad","Attr14":"nd","Attr15":"gr,nd,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSN","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_sc_cp:n,","Attr4":" 5-12","Attr5":"er,pr","Attr6":"pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"nr"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"Native of Mediterranean Europe, Asia, and Africa; usually considered to be introduced in North America, possibly native, at least in part.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,","Attr12":"e","Attr13":"nd,rad","Attr14":"nd","Attr15":"gr,nd,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSN","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_sc_cp:n,","Attr4":" 5-12","Attr5":"er,pr","Attr6":"pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"nr"},"habitat_description":"Upper beaches, fore-dunes, and island-end flats, rarely inland in disturbed areas.","habitat_light_categories":["Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":9,"phenology_source_text":"Jun-frost.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACU"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, K4, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tx, Va, Judd & Ferguson (1999); = Kali turgidum (Dumort.) Gutermann — Can; = Salsola kali L. ssp. kali — FNA4, K1, NY; = Salsola kali L. var. kali — NE; ? Kali australe (R.Br.) Akhani & Roalson; Salsola kali L. — Tat; Salsola kali L. ssp. kali — NS; > Salsola kali L. var. caroliniana (Walter) Nutt. — F; > Salsola kali L. var. kali — F, G]","wetland_source_note":"taxonomic split from wetland indicator species"}},"forest_service":{"identity_basis":"Exact existing catalog or state-source name","matched_name":"Salsola kali","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:43:16.018410+00:00","scope":"Source botanical description; original units and scope retained","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"Fire Effects Information System: Salsola kali","source_sha256":"6a87e5a8265da803a5c7664d0a5c4e3d446fabcad6d7ccb26003a2601ce74fef","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/salkal","trait_evidence":[{"catalog_id":"nc:salsola-kali","field":"height_description","height_description":"It is highly branched and rounded in form, growing from 1 to 3 feet (0.3-1 m) in height and from 1 to 5 feet (0.3-1.5 m) in diameter.","life_stage":"general_botanical_description","matched_name":"Salsola kali","paragraph_sha256":"eb5375fc8b6411fd6d396458a54638128b2c4c523b1f0829c8c92f0f45f66030","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:43:16.018410+00:00","review_status":"reviewed","source_quote":"Russian-thistle is an exotic, annual, erect, xerohalophytic forb [2,6,34]. It is highly branched and rounded in form, growing from 1 to 3 feet (0.3-1 m) in height and from 1 to 5 feet (0.3-1.5 m) in diameter. The awl-shaped, spiny-tipped leaves bear small, inconspicuous flowers in the leaf axils. The small, winged seed, retained in the leaf axils until after plant death, contains no endosperm tissue, but is instead comprised of a spirally-coiled, complete embryo [34] already containing some chlorophyll [56]. The root system consists of a taproot, reaching 0.3 foot (1 m) or more in depth, and extensive lateral roots. Under crowded conditions, roots are shallow [1].","source_section":"Salsola kali, Russian-thistle / Botanical Description","source_sha256":"6a87e5a8265da803a5c7664d0a5c4e3d446fabcad6d7ccb26003a2601ce74fef","source_title":"Fire Effects Information System: Salsola kali","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/salkal"}],"values":{"height_description":"It is highly branched and rounded in form, growing from 1 to 3 feet (0.3-1 m) in height and from 1 to 5 feet (0.3-1.5 m) in diameter."}}},"light_range":["full sun","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Salsola kali","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:W L48:I SPM:W","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Salsola kali","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Salsola kali","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SNA","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149933/Salsola_kali"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"natureserve_explorer","explanation":"NatureServe Explorer (garden or conservation group, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","label":"Not native to Virginia","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"natureserve_explorer","specificity":"state","tier":"organization"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Salsola kali","taxon_id":"taxon:b0f7a4a3-4475-5428-b1ea-e32c3efcb289","revision":"publish:903368a2-17ec-496c-89d2-a217f30d9dda","photos":[]}