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Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.924317617866005,"birds":0.8511166253101737,"caterpillars":0.9485111662531017,"specialists":0.9274193548387096,"structure":0.75},"rank_pct":0.954,"raw":{"bees":24,"birds":5,"caterpillars":63,"genus_used":["Rhododendron","Menziesia"],"specialists":2,"structure":["Shrub"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_supported","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using Virginia host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Virginia percentile","score":93,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"S5"},"source_ids":["lep_va","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:4e427881dc85bbd2004db4e5135130f0f135c18ecc411c6a70eb3259d12a3757","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:82974469bad059b2af94f121390e783bc52cf7493086f0d120aa499d9910bd63","levels":[1,3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[1,3],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"soil_drainage","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"ph":{"basis":["Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes"],"categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"evidence_id":"fact:37415a3ebaa31b540deb3d50af5a8d3abaef49dcc3f092004e8ad22cdb39b1a6","policy":"soil-ph-categories-1","range":[4.5,6],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_characteristic","source_field":"soil_ph_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Shrub"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_supported"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["51003","51005","51009","51017","51019","51021","51023","51027","51035","51045","51051","51063","51067","51071","51077","51091","51113","51121","51125","51139","51141","51155","51161","51163","51167","51169","51173","51185","51191","51195","51197"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["51003","51005","51009","51017","51019","51021","51023","51027","51035","51045","51051","51063","51067","51071","51077","51091","51113","51121","51125","51139","51141","51155","51161","51163","51167","51169","51173","51185","51191","51195","51197"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"va_atlas","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","flag":"N","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=1903"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text names Georgia","claim":"native","scope":"GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text names Tennessee","claim":"native","scope":"TN","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. 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Speaks for its own area (GA, GA-NC-SC, NC, TN), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program), Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition.","native_provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"va_atlas","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["va_atlas:VA:1903"],"source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=1903","state_rank":"S5"},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=1903","state_rank":{"value":"S5"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[1,3],"ph":[4.5,6]},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 22 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox pH categories (Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Keystone","condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:4e427881dc85bbd2004db4e5135130f0f135c18ecc411c6a70eb3259d12a3757","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:82974469bad059b2af94f121390e783bc52cf7493086f0d120aa499d9910bd63","levels":[1,3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[1,3],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"soil_drainage","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"ph":{"basis":["Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes"],"categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"evidence_id":"fact:37415a3ebaa31b540deb3d50af5a8d3abaef49dcc3f092004e8ad22cdb39b1a6","policy":"soil-ph-categories-1","range":[4.5,6],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_characteristic","source_field":"soil_ph_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["01015","01027","01029","13067","13085","13111","13117","13123","13187","13241","13281","13291","13311","21013","21025","21071","21095","21111","21115","21119","21131","21133","21153","21175","21189","21193","21205","21237","37005","37009","37021","37023","37027","37039","37043","37067","37075","37087","37089","37099","37111","37113","37115","37121","37149","37161","37169","37173","37175","37189","45003","45031","45045","45071","45073","45077","47009","47011","47019","47029","47035","47037","47041","47049","47051","47059","47065","47073","47091","47107","47109","47123","47139","47141","47145","47155","47163","47171","47179","51003","51005","51009","51017","51019","51021","51023","51027","51035","51045","51051","51063","51067","51071","51077","51091","51113","51121","51125","51139","51141","51155","51161","51163","51167","51169","51173","51185","51191","51195","51197"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[1,3],"ph":[4.5,6]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 22 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox pH categories (Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":93,"state":"VA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"extension":{"identity_basis":"Exact genus/species fields on cached page","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","retrieved":"2026-09-30T17:45:31.590755+00:00","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"a2b6ef9cba3ad3d530d7167390304e2d4fc87087076683a3cefad2f2a1dbcff7","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhododendron-calendulaceum/","values":{"bloom_season":["Spring","Summer"],"flower_color":["Gold/Yellow","Orange","Pink","Red/Burgundy"],"hardiness_zones":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b"],"height_feet":[4,15],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Woody"],"light":["Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)","Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry"],"nc_regions":["Mountains","Piedmont"],"soil_drainage":["Good Drainage","Moist","Occasionally Dry"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"width_feet":[8,10]}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","source_record_id":4689,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Deciduous forests, particularly on mountain slopes, grassy balds."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. 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Kron (1993) argues that the evidence best fits an allopolyploid derivation of R. calendulaceum , involving hybridization between ancestors of R. cumberlandense and R. prinophyllum . Late-flowering, high elevation \"orange azaleas\", sometimes referred to as the \"high altitude, late phase of Flame Azalea\" are poorly understood and need additional study, but appear to belong here rather than with R. cumberlandense ."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"Organism","value":6},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"nt","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"bil","Attr19":"or,re","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSS","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 4-7","Attr5":"s","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"}},{"field":"fruit_season_begin","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"Organism","value":"June"},{"field":"fruit_season_end","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"Organism","value":"September"},{"field":"bloom_season","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4689,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May to June"}],"values":{"bloom_season":"May to June","botanical_comments":"This is a tetraploid species; various theories have been advanced about the origin of this polyploid chromosome complement. Kron (1993) argues that the evidence best fits an allopolyploid derivation of R. calendulaceum , involving hybridization between ancestors of R. cumberlandense and R. prinophyllum . Late-flowering, high elevation \"orange azaleas\", sometimes referred to as the \"high altitude, late phase of Flame Azalea\" are poorly understood and need additional study, but appear to belong here rather than with R. cumberlandense .","fruit_season_begin":"June","fruit_season_end":"September","geographic_range_description":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. 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distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","source_sha256":"3c46f474819c32038fe0bc815d309ffadc2620b9149b046fdccda506b316a9b2","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RHCA4","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:727c8ab1-a9c6-58e5-afd1-092315bac47a","value":["Deciduous"]},{"expected_source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:d63b2770aebb732ec789b4059f0f3c70c8030121366d8b539ba4c1eda5b2be74","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:51:44.989676+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","source_sha256":"3c46f474819c32038fe0bc815d309ffadc2620b9149b046fdccda506b316a9b2","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RHCA4","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:727c8ab1-a9c6-58e5-afd1-092315bac47a","value":["Moist"]},{"expected_source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:d6c914597d9bc86c8ac24b9f3d0a4ffad8645858f8a3423609c4c12c4c6b6fda","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:51:44.989676+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","source_sha256":"3c46f474819c32038fe0bc815d309ffadc2620b9149b046fdccda506b316a9b2","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RHCA4","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:727c8ab1-a9c6-58e5-afd1-092315bac47a","value":["Red","Orange","Yellow"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Red","Orange","Yellow"],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Perennial"],"light":["Part Shade"],"moisture_categories":["Moist"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acidic (pH<6.8)"]}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","flag":"N","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=1903"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text names Georgia","claim":"native","scope":"GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text names Tennessee","claim":"native","scope":"TN","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Largely Appalachian: s. Pennsylvania and s. Ohio to c. Georgia and e. Tennessee.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Rhododendron calendulaceum","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S5","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.128837/Rhododendron_calendulaceum"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"va_atlas","explanation":"Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. 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