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Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.6997518610421837,"birds":0.9119106699751861,"caterpillars":0.9472704714640199,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":0.5},"rank_pct":0.753,"raw":{"bees":5,"birds":9,"caterpillars":62,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Forb/herb"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_supported","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using Virginia host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Virginia percentile","score":70,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"SH"},"source_ids":["lep_va","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:2b1d1b394dfc3a8c3c8d3d2c6daebd3ef94fe605307a98ac887916cc668c4f13","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:263d132b5da8afda79df7f7713d4d54ba4716246ea6e86f46f41bb780168dc5e","levels":[3,4,5],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[3,5],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_supported"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["51059","51173"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["51059","51173"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"va_heritage","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","flag":"N","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=3186"},{"basis":"exact taxon in the state heritage program list of native plants","claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"VA","source":"va_heritage","srank":"SH","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/plantlist-current.pdf"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"native","record_id":5204,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SH","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.155726/Plantago_cordata"}],"native_explanation":"Virginia DCR Natural Heritage rare plant list (government agency, state claim) gives the value. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","native_provenance":{"flags":[],"source":"va_heritage","specificity":"state","tier":"government"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["va_atlas:VA:3186"],"source_name":"Plantago cordata","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas","va_heritage"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=3186","state_rank":"SH"},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas","va_heritage"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=3186","state_rank":{"value":"SH"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[3,5],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 3 NC counties","light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"fit_record":{"band":"Strong","condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:2b1d1b394dfc3a8c3c8d3d2c6daebd3ef94fe605307a98ac887916cc668c4f13","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:263d132b5da8afda79df7f7713d4d54ba4716246ea6e86f46f41bb780168dc5e","levels":[3,4,5],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[3,5],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["01013","01019","01025","01033","01047","01055","01079","01085","01131","13047","37057","37167","37173","47011","47051","47109","51059","51173"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[3,5],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 3 NC counties","light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":70,"state":"VA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Plantago cordata","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_name":"Plantago cordata","source_record_id":5204,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Aquatic or semi-aquatic in streambeds with outcrops of slate, limestone, or calcareous clay, and aquatic in tidal estuaries."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"New York and s. Ontario west to Wisconsin, south to w. Virginia, c. North Carolina, nw. Georgia, Alabama, sc. Tennessee, and Missouri, very scattered and rare in every state in which it occurs, except Missouri. P. cordata is not known to be extant in Virginia, where it formerly occurred in the estuary of the Potomac River and in Smyth County in sw. Virginia. In North Carolina, P. cordata is apparently limited to two slate-bottomed streams in s. Davidson County."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Mar-May; May-Jul."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, F, FNA17, G, GW2, Il, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NY, RAB, S, Tn, Va, W, Bassett (1967), Rosatti (1984)]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"A study of morphological and genetic variability in the species found the two NC populations to \"represent sites of primary [conservation] concern with unique genetic composition\" (Mymudes & Les 1993)."},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Characteristically, P. cordata is a very robust plant, the inflorescences up to 1 meter in height, and the glabrous leaves with ovate blades to 30 cm long and 20 cm wide, on ascending petioles up to 40 cm long and 2 cm wide. Winter leaves are 3-10 cm long, ca. 1 cm wide, and remotely toothed. Spring leaves show a gradual transition from the winter form to the summer form."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":6},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Moist","Water","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_pd,ga_mt,","Attr12":"e,s","Attr13":"bil,nd","Attr15":"gr,nd,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSS","Attr2":"Moist,Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_pd:y,native_ga_mt:y,","Attr4":" 2-6","Attr5":"ac","Attr6":"glb,ns","Attr7":"ba","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"in"}},{"field":"fruit_season_begin","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May"},{"field":"fruit_season_end","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"July"},{"field":"bloom_season","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5204,"source_table":"Organism","value":"March to May"}],"values":{"bloom_season":"March to May","botanical_comments":"A study of morphological and genetic variability in the species found the two NC populations to \"represent sites of primary [conservation] concern with unique genetic composition\" (Mymudes & Les 1993).","fruit_season_begin":"May","fruit_season_end":"July","geographic_range_description":"New York and s. Ontario west to Wisconsin, south to w. Virginia, c. North Carolina, nw. Georgia, Alabama, sc. Tennessee, and Missouri, very scattered and rare in every state in which it occurs, except Missouri. P. cordata is not known to be extant in Virginia, where it formerly occurred in the estuary of the Potomac River and in Smyth County in sw. Virginia. In North Carolina, P. cordata is apparently limited to two slate-bottomed streams in s. 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Spring leaves show a gradual transition from the winter form to the summer form.","phenology_source_text":"Mar-May; May-Jul.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, C, F, FNA17, G, GW2, Il, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NY, RAB, S, Tn, Va, W, Bassett (1967), Rosatti (1984)]"}},"wildflower_center":{"matched_name":"Plantago cordata","retrieved":"2026-10-05T19:47:31.920134+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_sha256":"7189df677f46b7acd994c3ad4db0ea0bf51ebb3e55b9bacb19bb540067a3b768","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLCO2","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Plantago cordata","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:2f17a39c009825afc7cce1eeaee2f351bae97acc734fbedb83c97a3a24f8cb3f","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:47:31.920134+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Plantago cordata","source_sha256":"7189df677f46b7acd994c3ad4db0ea0bf51ebb3e55b9bacb19bb540067a3b768","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLCO2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:2b3862a2-ab54-5e95-a203-d7f0a7bb97c1","value":["Green","Brown"]},{"expected_source_name":"Plantago cordata","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:960bdc59e7885b710ee39ec687f46cfdf5a6d82ffafd92a0ec238a3c985852a0","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:47:31.920134+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Plantago cordata","source_sha256":"7189df677f46b7acd994c3ad4db0ea0bf51ebb3e55b9bacb19bb540067a3b768","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLCO2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:2b3862a2-ab54-5e95-a203-d7f0a7bb97c1","value":["Perennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Plantago cordata","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:a58578caefa17cd5c2b3de636fc6b061abe8d705f8d469fd9221fa2d2151ea59","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:47:31.920134+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Plantago cordata","source_sha256":"7189df677f46b7acd994c3ad4db0ea0bf51ebb3e55b9bacb19bb540067a3b768","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PLCO2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:2b3862a2-ab54-5e95-a203-d7f0a7bb97c1","value":{"approximate":true,"kind":"upper_bound","max":1,"unit":"feet"}}],"values":{"flower_color":["Green","Brown"],"height_description":"Up to about 1 feet","life_cycle":["Perennial"]}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","flag":"N","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=3186"},{"basis":"exact taxon in the state heritage program list of native plants","claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"VA","source":"va_heritage","srank":"SH","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/plantlist-current.pdf"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"native","record_id":5204,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Plantago cordata","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SH","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.155726/Plantago_cordata"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"va_heritage","explanation":"Virginia DCR Natural Heritage rare plant list (government agency, state claim) gives the value. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","label":"Native to Virginia (state-specific source)","provenance":{"flags":[],"source":"va_heritage","specificity":"state","tier":"government"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"native_supported"},"source_name":"Plantago cordata","taxon_id":"taxon:2b3862a2-ab54-5e95-a203-d7f0a7bb97c1","revision":"publish:cdb975f5-333c-4482-92bd-514ef43ee9c3","photos":[{"id":"plantago-cordata-18886516","src":"/api/photos/image/06cddb7e4cf20c944e1073f863eea2ee2409309fcb5ae797d0301913099cbcf0.jpg","view":"whole","alt":"Plantago cordata — whole photograph","width":960,"height":626,"artist":"Steve Olson. USDA SCS. 1989. Midwest wetland flora: Field office illustrated guide to plant species. Midwest National Technical Center, Lincoln. 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