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Leonard (1972) and Wyatt (2020) discussed the history (at the times) of this species in the southeastern United States. Macrothelypteris torresiana continues to spread northward, and has been reported for Kentucky (Gorman, Bruton, & Estes 2011) and Illinois (Mohlenbrock 2014)."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":171,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Jan-Dec."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":171,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, Bah, ETx1, Fl1, FNA2, FoC, Il, K1, K4, Meso1, NS, POWO, Tn, TxFerns, WH3, Fawcett & Smith (2021), Smith & Kessler (2017); Polystichum torresianum Gaudichaud-Beaupré; = Dryopteris setigera (Blume) Kuntze — S13, Sf, misapplied; = n/a — C, RAB; = Thelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.) 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