{"assessment":{"band":"Good","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Lilium grayi"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established Virginia range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":45,"composite":0.625,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.5942928039702233,"birds":0.303970223325062,"caterpillars":0.8008684863523573,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":0.5},"rank_pct":0.469,"raw":{"bees":2,"birds":0,"caterpillars":12,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Forb/herb"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_supported","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using Virginia host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Virginia percentile","score":45,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"S1"},"source_ids":["lep_va","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:2fe074eb6820a14a5304629b3051add3a754f5b9d015f5fe4ee674d7975bc0cb","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:be6a0b748b45081d218232d29ea79794564f5f5f79666f551cce37c67e525a65","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"ph":{"basis":["Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes"],"categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"evidence_id":"fact:cc8a6439a0f0c2ccbb0e50b6b381861ab559e23d0bdfa0e890894251c7c09798","policy":"soil-ph-categories-1","range":[4.5,6],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_characteristic","source_field":"soil_ph_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_supported"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["51015","51017","51019","51031","51035","51063","51071","51077","51171","51191"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["51015","51017","51019","51031","51035","51063","51071","51077","51171","51191"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"va_heritage","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","flag":"N","matched_name":"Lilium grayi","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54"},{"basis":"exact taxon in the state heritage program list of native plants","claim":"native","matched_name":"Lilium grayi","scope":"VA","source":"va_heritage","srank":"S1","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/plantlist-current.pdf"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lilium grayi","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lilium grayi","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Tennessee","claim":"native","scope":"TN","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Virginia","claim":"native","scope":"VA","source":"floraquest_south_central","text":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midsouthfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midatlanticfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Virginia","claim":"native","scope":"VA","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midatlanticfieldguide"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Lilium grayi","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S1","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.139859/Lilium_grayi"}],"native_explanation":"Virginia DCR Natural Heritage rare plant list (government agency, state claim) gives the value. Speaks for its own area (GA-NC-SC, NC, TN), not this state: FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Weakley), Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","native_provenance":{"flags":[],"source":"va_heritage","specificity":"state","tier":"government"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["va_atlas:VA:54"],"source_name":"Lilium grayi","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas","va_heritage"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54","state_rank":"S1"},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer","va_atlas","va_heritage"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54","state_rank":{"value":"S1"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":[4.5,6]},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 7 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox pH categories (Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Good","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:2fe074eb6820a14a5304629b3051add3a754f5b9d015f5fe4ee674d7975bc0cb","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:be6a0b748b45081d218232d29ea79794564f5f5f79666f551cce37c67e525a65","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"ph":{"basis":["Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes"],"categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"evidence_id":"fact:cc8a6439a0f0c2ccbb0e50b6b381861ab559e23d0bdfa0e890894251c7c09798","policy":"soil-ph-categories-1","range":[4.5,6],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_characteristic","source_field":"soil_ph_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["37009","37011","37021","37111","37121","37189","37199","47019","47091","51015","51017","51019","51031","51035","51063","51071","51077","51171","51191"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":[4.5,6]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 7 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox pH categories (Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":true,"flags":[{"code":"conservation_caution","default_excluded":true,"label":"Rare or protected plant","message":"Specialist conservation planting; excluded from routine garden suggestions.","records":[{"name":"Lilium grayi","rank":"S1","source":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54","state":"VA"}],"source":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54"}],"review_status":"reviewed","suggestions_excluded":true},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":45,"state":"VA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":true,"flags":[{"code":"conservation_caution","default_excluded":true,"label":"Rare or protected plant","message":"Specialist conservation planting; excluded from routine garden suggestions.","records":[{"name":"Lilium grayi","rank":"S1","source":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54","state":"VA"}],"source":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=54"}],"review_status":"reviewed","suggestions_excluded":true},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Lilium grayi","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Lilium grayi","source_record_id":717,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Bogs, seepages, grassy balds, moist forests, and wet meadows, at medium to high elevations."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Jun-Jul; Aug-Sep."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, F, FNA26, G, K1, K4, NS, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tn, Va, W, Adams & Dress (1982), Wherry (1946)]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Clearly related to L. canadense (especially through the somewhat intermediate L. canadense var. editorum ), L. grayi appears to be adapted for pollination by Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Adams & Dress 1982). See L. canadense for additional comments. In addition to the characters in the key, L. grayi can be distinguished in sterile condition from the two more common species of the Mountains by leaves, which are widest near the midpoint, averaging 4-6× as long as wide (vs. distinctly wider toward the apex in L. michauxii , and widest near or below the midpoint but typically > (6-) 8× or more as long as wide in L. superbum ); seedlings may not show typical morphology. Additionally, L. grayi has spicule-roughened midveins and leaf margins, while those of L. superbum are smooth or nearly so.. The two most important strongholds for this rare lily (each with thousands of individuals) are the Roan Mountain massif (Avery and Mitchell counties, NC and Carter County, TN), where it was first found, and Long Hope Valley (Watauga and Ashe counties, NC). Otherwise, it tends to occur in very small, isolated populations in bogs, seeps and wet pastures (likely former bogs). Ingram, Donaldson, & Levy (2018) summarize information about a fungal foliar disease seriously impacting Lilium grayi . Brewer & Estep (2025) studied the genetics and conservation priorities of this imperiled species. Certainly one of our most beautiful wild plants!"},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":7},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr07","Attr1":"nc_mt,","Attr10":"7L05,7L10,7L15","Attr11":"7W2cm,7W3mm,7W5cm,7W7.5mm","Attr12":"ca","Attr2":"Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,","Attr4":" 5-8","Attr5":"7H03,7H06,7H100,7H15","Attr6":"pa,um","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"pi,ye","Attr9":"n"}},{"field":"fruit_season_begin","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"August"},{"field":"fruit_season_end","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"September"},{"field":"bloom_season","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":717,"source_table":"Organism","value":"June to July"}],"values":{"bloom_season":"June to July","botanical_comments":"Clearly related to L. canadense (especially through the somewhat intermediate L. canadense var. editorum ), L. grayi appears to be adapted for pollination by Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Adams & Dress 1982). See L. canadense for additional comments. In addition to the characters in the key, L. grayi can be distinguished in sterile condition from the two more common species of the Mountains by leaves, which are widest near the midpoint, averaging 4-6× as long as wide (vs. distinctly wider toward the apex in L. michauxii , and widest near or below the midpoint but typically > (6-) 8× or more as long as wide in L. superbum ); seedlings may not show typical morphology. Additionally, L. grayi has spicule-roughened midveins and leaf margins, while those of L. superbum are smooth or nearly so.. The two most important strongholds for this rare lily (each with thousands of individuals) are the Roan Mountain massif (Avery and Mitchell counties, NC and Carter County, TN), where it was first found, and Long Hope Valley (Watauga and Ashe counties, NC). Otherwise, it tends to occur in very small, isolated populations in bogs, seeps and wet pastures (likely former bogs). Ingram, Donaldson, & Levy (2018) summarize information about a fungal foliar disease seriously impacting Lilium grayi . Brewer & Estep (2025) studied the genetics and conservation priorities of this imperiled species. Certainly one of our most beautiful wild plants!","fruit_season_begin":"August","fruit_season_end":"September","geographic_range_description":"A Southern Appalachian endemic: sw. Virginia, nw. North Carolina, and ne. Tennessee.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr07","Attr1":"nc_mt,","Attr10":"7L05,7L10,7L15","Attr11":"7W2cm,7W3mm,7W5cm,7W7.5mm","Attr12":"ca","Attr2":"Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,","Attr4":" 5-8","Attr5":"7H03,7H06,7H100,7H15","Attr6":"pa,um","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"pi,ye","Attr9":"n"},"habitat_description":"Bogs, seepages, grassy balds, moist forests, and wet meadows, at medium to high elevations.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":7,"phenology_source_text":"Jun-Jul; Aug-Sep.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, F, FNA26, G, K1, K4, NS, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tn, Va, W, Adams & Dress (1982), Wherry (1946)]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Lilium grayi","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:38:12.234742+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"8d4eecf934ce3dd8dfe5ac6c96bca61ea2314ad424d8f5761cdd2b3409c73885","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Lilium grayi","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:5e8c5657e92180c08fb08206d1429363bafe8169d5f1654c17beeaefa4a9e46a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:38:12.234742+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Lilium grayi","source_sha256":"8d4eecf934ce3dd8dfe5ac6c96bca61ea2314ad424d8f5761cdd2b3409c73885","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lilium-grayi/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:5156ee40-10e5-5ba1-acb7-f093e04c86dc","value":["Acid (<6.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Lilium grayi","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:857d0a52367aa353349e182dc527e6b6ce2670a6b3bbacebdfa46cd21d648f7f","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:38:12.234742+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; 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