{"assessment":{"band":"Severe harm","fit_score":null,"harm":null,"harm_source":null,"invasive_evidence":[{"category":"Medium (early detection species)","listed":true,"rank":2,"scientific_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","state":"VA","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/nh-invasive-plant-list-2024.pdf"}],"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Listed invasive in Virginia; do not plant. Uses the shared severity scale applied to the sourced state invasive category.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Virginia percentile","score":-55,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":true,"invasive_rank":"2","native":false,"state_rank":""},"severity_basis":"shared_rank","severity_mapping":"Source Severe/Significant Threat category mapped to the identically named shared severity category; not an ecological effect-size equivalence","status":"scored_invasive","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:6db24529f0c06b3a96f3250a016ee2f009c2b484088eaa283d75b3967967fe77","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:3314414db85b601df367b5c6c1c52749c39326bb5ec45f8b1fadf75d0bfd4d73","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":null,"invasive_status":{"status":"listed"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["51001","51003","51013","51059","51061","51065","51083","51085","51121","51131","51137","51155","51195","51199","51510"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["51001","51003","51013","51059","51061","51065","51083","51085","51121","51131","51137","51155","51195","51199","51510"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":true,"invasive_evidence":[{"category":"Medium (early detection species)","listed":true,"rank":2,"scientific_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","state":"VA","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/nh-invasive-plant-list-2024.pdf"}],"invasive_rank":2,"native":false,"native_basis":"state_source","native_decided_by":"va_invasive","native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","flag":"I","matched_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=646"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"VA","source":"va_invasive","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/nh-invasive-plant-list-2024.pdf"},{"basis":"range text names a native range outside North America","claim":"introduced","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Native of e. Asia. This species seems to be developing into an invasive species, with increasing reports of its spread into natural areas, as opposed to merely occurring as a waif following cultivation. Reported for Delaware and Maryland, where frequently encountered on roadsides (Longbottom, Naczi,","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"range text names a native range outside North America","claim":"introduced","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Native of e. Asia. This species seems to be developing into an invasive species, with increasing reports of its spread into natural areas, as opposed to merely occurring as a waif following cultivation. Reported for Delaware and Maryland, where frequently encountered on roadsides (Longbottom, Naczi,","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"introduced","record_id":2232,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"}],"native_explanation":"Virginia DCR invasive plant list (government agency, state claim) gives the value. Speaks for its own area (GA-NC-SC), not this state: Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition.","native_provenance":{"flags":[],"source":"va_invasive","specificity":"state","tier":"government"},"native_status":"not_native","package_native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["va_atlas:VA:646"],"source_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","source_refs":["gbif_specimens","va_atlas","va_invasive"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=646","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["gbif_specimens","va_atlas","va_invasive"],"source_url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=646","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"fit_record":{"band":"Severe harm","condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:6db24529f0c06b3a96f3250a016ee2f009c2b484088eaa283d75b3967967fe77","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:3314414db85b601df367b5c6c1c52749c39326bb5ec45f8b1fadf75d0bfd4d73","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["12021","12055","12057","12071","12099","51001","51003","51013","51059","51061","51065","51083","51085","51121","51131","51137","51155","51195","51199","51510"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":true,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":-55,"state":"VA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","source_record_id":2232,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":2232,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Disturbed areas, roadsides, floodplains, old fields."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":2232,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of e. 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Spreng. — Ar, FNA25, HC, Il, K1, Mi, NS, Pa]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":2232,"source_table":"Organism","value":"The use of the epithet ' alopecuroides ' in Cenchrus , with basionym Panicum alopecuroides Linnaeus 1753, is blocked by Cenchrus alopecuroides Thunberg, a different taxon. 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The epithet with priority in Cenchrus is C. purpurascens Thunberg.","geographic_range_description":"Native of e. Asia. This species seems to be developing into an invasive species, with increasing reports of its spread into natural areas, as opposed to merely occurring as a waif following cultivation. Reported for Delaware and Maryland, where frequently encountered on roadsides (Longbottom, Naczi, & Knapp 2016).","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr03","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_pd,ga_pd,","Attr10":"a,no","Attr11":"g","Attr12":"ha","Attr13":"3Bw14,3Bw7","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 8-12","Attr5":"h","Attr6":"le,mo","Attr7":"t","Attr8":"1","Attr9":"g,p"},"habitat_description":"Disturbed areas, roadsides, floodplains, old fields.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"height_description":"0.984252–3.93701 feet","phenology_source_text":"Sep-Nov.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= NY, Veldkamp (2014), Verloove (2012); = Cenchrus alopecuroides (L.) Thunb. — K4, POWO, illegitimate name; = Cenchrus compressus (Forssk.) Morrone — Chemisquy et al (2010); = n/a — C, RAB, S, Tat; = Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. — Ar, FNA25, HC, Il, K1, Mi, NS, Pa]"}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","flag":"I","matched_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=646"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"VA","source":"va_invasive","url":"https://dcr.am.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/nh-invasive-plant-list-2024.pdf"},{"basis":"range text names a native range outside North America","claim":"introduced","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Native of e. Asia. This species seems to be developing into an invasive species, with increasing reports of its spread into natural areas, as opposed to merely occurring as a waif following cultivation. Reported for Delaware and Maryland, where frequently encountered on roadsides (Longbottom, Naczi,","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"range text names a native range outside North America","claim":"introduced","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Native of e. Asia. This species seems to be developing into an invasive species, with increasing reports of its spread into natural areas, as opposed to merely occurring as a waif following cultivation. Reported for Delaware and Maryland, where frequently encountered on roadsides (Longbottom, Naczi,","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"species account without the alien asterisk","claim":"native_distribution","matched_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"introduced","record_id":2232,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"va_invasive","explanation":"Virginia DCR invasive plant list (government agency, state claim) gives the value. Speaks for its own area (GA-NC-SC), not this state: Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition.","label":"Not native to Virginia","provenance":{"flags":[],"source":"va_invasive","specificity":"state","tier":"government"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Cenchrus purpurascens","taxon_id":"taxon:0506f306-17c6-5454-bd38-81c1dd060089","revision":"publish:cdb975f5-333c-4482-92bd-514ef43ee9c3","photos":[]}