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Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. Virginia, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, North Carolina, certainly appear native.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"alien asterisk: exotic throughout the Flora area","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Carex arenaria","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"introduced","record_id":1176,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Carex arenaria","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SNA","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.143870/Carex_arenaria"}],"native_explanation":"Equally specific sources of the same tier disagree: Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora, Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Northern Tier edition. 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Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":null,"state":"VA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Carex arenaria","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_name":"Carex arenaria","source_record_id":1176,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Moist to dry sandy hammocks; probably introduced from Europe."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"Organism","value":"In North America, known from Delaware south to se. North Carolina; also on ballast in Oregon (Mackenzie 1931-1935). Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. Virginia, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, North Carolina, certainly appear native."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May-Jun."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, F, FNA23, G, K1, K4, NS, POWO, RAB, Tat, Mackenzie (1931-1935); = n/a — S]"},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr04","Attr1":"nc_cp,","Attr10":"4H23,4H43,4H64,4H91","Attr11":"d","Attr12":"4Bw2,4Bw4","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,","Attr4":" 4-7","Attr5":"n","Attr6":"y","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"c","Attr9":"n"}},{"field":"bloom_season","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1176,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May to June"}],"values":{"bloom_season":"May to June","geographic_range_description":"In North America, known from Delaware south to se. North Carolina; also on ballast in Oregon (Mackenzie 1931-1935). Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. Virginia, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, North Carolina, certainly appear native.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr04","Attr1":"nc_cp,","Attr10":"4H23,4H43,4H64,4H91","Attr11":"d","Attr12":"4Bw2,4Bw4","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,","Attr4":" 4-7","Attr5":"n","Attr6":"y","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"c","Attr9":"n"},"habitat_description":"Moist to dry sandy hammocks; probably introduced from Europe.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"phenology_source_text":"May-Jun.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, F, FNA23, G, K1, K4, NS, POWO, RAB, Tat, Mackenzie (1931-1935); = n/a — S]"}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","flag":"I","matched_name":"Carex arenaria","scope":"VA","source":"va_atlas","url":"https://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=1081"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex arenaria","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"NC-SC-GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"In North America, known from Delaware south to se. North Carolina; also on ballast in Oregon (Mackenzie 1931-1935). Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. Virginia, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, North Carolina, certainly appear native.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"In North America, known from Delaware south to se. North Carolina; also on ballast in Oregon (Mackenzie 1931-1935). Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. Virginia, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, North Carolina, certainly appear native.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"native range text names Virginia","claim":"native","scope":"VA","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"In North America, known from Delaware south to se. North Carolina; also on ballast in Oregon (Mackenzie 1931-1935). Fernald (1950) considered this plant native in se. Virginia, and populations of it in Carolina Beach State Park, New Hanover County, North Carolina, certainly appear native.","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"alien asterisk: exotic throughout the Flora area","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Carex arenaria","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"Native field of the Northern Tier edition; the state is in its distribution","claim":"introduced","record_id":1176,"scope":"DC-DE-IL-IN-KY-MD-NJ-NY-OH-PA-VA-WV","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Carex arenaria","scope":"VA","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SNA","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.143870/Carex_arenaria"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"va_atlas","explanation":"Equally specific sources of the same tier disagree: Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora, Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Northern Tier edition. Speaks for its own area (GA-NC-SC), not this state: Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition.","label":"Native status: sources disagree","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"va_atlas","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"conflicting_sources"},"source_name":"Carex arenaria","taxon_id":"taxon:3875461c-e0c5-56e7-8ced-d2c251ab8338","revision":"publish:cdb975f5-333c-4482-92bd-514ef43ee9c3","photos":[]}