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county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 52 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":88,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"extension":{"identity_basis":"Exact genus/species fields on cached page","matched_name":"Quercus velutina","retrieved":"2026-09-30T15:19:56.951972+00:00","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"aa5c1ba1d5d01bd7d3f805760bf7050c142e39de68439b7f07d85b1ce0fc6e88","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/quercus-velutina/","values":{"bloom_season":["Spring"],"hardiness_zones":["3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"height_feet":[50,100],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry"],"nc_regions":["Coastal","Mountains","Piedmont"],"soil_drainage":["Good Drainage","Moist","Occasionally Dry"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"width_feet":[50,80]}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Quercus velutina","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Quercus velutina","source_record_id":3373,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Upland forests and woodlands, especially in fairly xeric and sandy soils."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Maine west to Minnesota and Nebraska, south to Panhandle Florida and Texas."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr-May; Sep-Oct (of the second year)."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, Can, F, Fl2, FNA3, G, GrPl, Il, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NcTx, NE, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, WV; = Quercus coccinea var. tinctoria — Chap]"},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"On larger forest trees, Quercus velutina can be distinguished from Q. rubra by its inner bark color (yellow-orange), typically more plated bark (plates not just limited to lowest portion of trunk), and overall bent trunk stature (often slightly leaning on larger trees) vs. Q. rubra which has a more pink (salmon) colored inner bark and an overall straight stature (rarely leaning, or at least not noticeably so), with tightly furrowed bark throughout most of the trunk. 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