{"assessment":{"band":"Keystone","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Quercus incana"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established South Carolina range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":88,"composite":0.891,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.8939205955334988,"birds":0.9758064516129032,"caterpillars":0.9987593052109182,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":1},"rank_pct":0.914,"raw":{"bees":19,"birds":23,"caterpillars":453,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Shrub","Tree"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_inferred","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using South Carolina host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a South Carolina percentile","score":88,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":""},"source_ids":["lep_sc","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:3e0b5cfe3cc0177dc2ac316acfd874236a1f0e184c6f50e9412fecb4e11e3e51","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/quercus-incana/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:5ce4f917536c2b50bf52a84c91dfbe978feac50105066b317c9d166df0b44f6b","levels":[0,1],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[0,1],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"soil_drainage","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/quercus-incana/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Shrub","Tree"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_inferred"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["45003","45005","45009","45011","45013","45015","45017","45019","45025","45029","45031","45033","45035","45037","45043","45047","45051","45053","45055","45061","45063","45067","45069","45075","45079","45081","45085"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["45003","45005","45009","45011","45013","45015","45017","45019","45025","45029","45031","45033","45035","45037","45043","45047","45051","45053","45055","45061","45063","45067","45069","45075","45079","45081","45085"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"usda_l48_and_nc_flora_without_atlas_flag","native_evidence":[{"claim":"unknown","matched_name":"Quercus incana","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/4204"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Quercus incana","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Quercus incana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"native_status":"native_inferred","source_ids":["sernec:97571"],"source_name":"Quercus incana","source_refs":["SC-checklist-4.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=4&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["SC-checklist-4.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=4&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[0,1],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 28 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"fit_record":{"band":"Keystone","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:3e0b5cfe3cc0177dc2ac316acfd874236a1f0e184c6f50e9412fecb4e11e3e51","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/quercus-incana/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:5ce4f917536c2b50bf52a84c91dfbe978feac50105066b317c9d166df0b44f6b","levels":[0,1],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[0,1],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"soil_drainage","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/quercus-incana/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13003","13017","13025","13027","13029","13031","13037","13049","13051","13065","13071","13087","13091","13103","13105","13131","13155","13161","13173","13175","13183","13185","13189","13191","13205","13215","13245","13251","13269","13271","13277","13299","13303","13321","37013","37017","37031","37041","37045","37047","37051","37055","37061","37065","37073","37079","37085","37093","37101","37105","37107","37125","37129","37133","37137","37141","37153","37155","37163","37165","37173","37191","45003","45005","45009","45011","45013","45015","45017","45019","45025","45029","45031","45033","45035","45037","45043","45047","45051","45053","45055","45061","45063","45067","45069","45075","45079","45081","45085"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[0,1],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 28 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":88,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"extension":{"identity_basis":"Exact genus/species fields on cached page","matched_name":"Quercus incana","retrieved":"2026-09-30T17:45:28.895328+00:00","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"45cf6747db2d538fc2ad27c072d6ef07440a564526ec5638a5125fb45273aaf7","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/quercus-incana/","values":{"bloom_season":["Spring"],"flower_color":["Gold/Yellow","Green"],"hardiness_zones":["7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"height_feet":[30,55],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Occasionally Dry","Very Dry"],"nc_regions":["Coastal","Piedmont"],"soil_drainage":["Good Drainage","Occasionally Dry","Very Dry"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"width_feet":[25,45]}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Quercus incana","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Quercus incana","source_record_id":3349,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Sandhills, primarily in somewhat loamier textured, submesic soils, inland from the Coastal Plain on coarse sandy alluvium or upland ridges over quartzite or other acidic rocks."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Primarily a species of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, but rarely extending inland into the Piedmont (especially on coarse sandy alluvium): se. Virginia south to c. peninsular Florida and west to c. Texas, sw. Arkansas, and se. Oklahoma."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr; Sep-Nov (of the second year)."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, F, Fl2, FNA3, K1, K4, NcTx, NS, POWO, RAB, Va, WH3, Hunt (1990); = Quercus brevifolia (Lam.) Sarg. — S13; = Quercus cinerea Michx. — C, Chap, G, S; ? Quercus humilis Walter]"},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"Organism","value":"This oak is recognizable even at a distance by its bluish color. In frequent fire situations (its characteristic habitat), Q. incana is generally not strongly clonal and stoloniferous even in frequently burned situations; fire sprouts and vigorous shoots are more prone to lobing than adult trees; even fire shoots, though, usually with only one to several lobes, and the characteristic bluish-green characteristic holds; see comments on Q. pumila ."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"Organism","value":7},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3349,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"lob","Attr13":"nt,to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n,stel","Attr17":"nd","Attr18":"nd","Attr19":"br,gr,nd","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSN","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 3-5","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"Primarily a species of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, but rarely extending inland into the Piedmont (especially on coarse sandy alluvium): se. Virginia south to c. peninsular Florida and west to c. Texas, sw. Arkansas, and se. Oklahoma.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"lob","Attr13":"nt,to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n,stel","Attr17":"nd","Attr18":"nd","Attr19":"br,gr,nd","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSN","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 3-5","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Sandhills, primarily in somewhat loamier textured, submesic soils, inland from the Coastal Plain on coarse sandy alluvium or upland ridges over quartzite or other acidic rocks.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"heliophily_index":7,"identification_notes":"This oak is recognizable even at a distance by its bluish color. In frequent fire situations (its characteristic habitat), Q. incana is generally not strongly clonal and stoloniferous even in frequently burned situations; fire sprouts and vigorous shoots are more prone to lobing than adult trees; even fire shoots, though, usually with only one to several lobes, and the characteristic bluish-green characteristic holds; see comments on Q. pumila .","phenology_source_text":"Apr; Sep-Nov (of the second year).","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, F, Fl2, FNA3, K1, K4, NcTx, NS, POWO, RAB, Va, WH3, Hunt (1990); = Quercus brevifolia (Lam.) Sarg. — S13; = Quercus cinerea Michx. — C, Chap, G, S; ? Quercus humilis Walter]"}},"wildflower_center":{"matched_name":"Quercus incana","retrieved":"2026-10-03T21:54:25.082342+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_sha256":"6692a7f09578038f04c5cb765115350c6bb6417d63231d5c7359165c80e2774a","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUIN","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Quercus incana","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:1444d929d0c1a1d3457c09efe2b856ec4aad84d2123eb1c4b0313f854fcdaba7","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:54:25.082342+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Quercus incana","source_sha256":"6692a7f09578038f04c5cb765115350c6bb6417d63231d5c7359165c80e2774a","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUIN","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:718d28f9-1fd0-595a-9086-3a7075634865","value":["Red","Yellow","Green"]},{"expected_source_name":"Quercus incana","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:5f9c6808ce618d4739005681b943f49571c2140295f492f214a7312f9eabb746","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:54:25.082342+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Quercus incana","source_sha256":"6692a7f09578038f04c5cb765115350c6bb6417d63231d5c7359165c80e2774a","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUIN","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:718d28f9-1fd0-595a-9086-3a7075634865","value":["Dry"]},{"expected_source_name":"Quercus incana","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:7865c609c013445407bdc57716ade51bcfca06212ce4aa4adf1101edfdf83927","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:54:25.082342+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Quercus incana","source_sha256":"6692a7f09578038f04c5cb765115350c6bb6417d63231d5c7359165c80e2774a","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUIN","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:718d28f9-1fd0-595a-9086-3a7075634865","value":["Deciduous"]},{"expected_source_name":"Quercus incana","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:7aa233df2436d38b2eb54ed9ff55a8a06c10862119fc3169e1947e030f148019","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:54:25.082342+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Quercus incana","source_sha256":"6692a7f09578038f04c5cb765115350c6bb6417d63231d5c7359165c80e2774a","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUIN","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:718d28f9-1fd0-595a-9086-3a7075634865","value":["Perennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Quercus incana","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:a2140e501ee14dd68be56637f021679b5e0199132f04b26f6990faa238529b60","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:54:25.082342+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Quercus incana","source_sha256":"6692a7f09578038f04c5cb765115350c6bb6417d63231d5c7359165c80e2774a","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=QUIN","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:718d28f9-1fd0-595a-9086-3a7075634865","value":["Part Shade"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Red","Yellow","Green"],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Perennial"],"light":["Part Shade"],"moisture_categories":["Dry"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"unknown","matched_name":"Quercus incana","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/4204"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Quercus incana","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Quercus incana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Quercus incana","taxon_id":"taxon:718d28f9-1fd0-595a-9086-3a7075634865","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-381398814","src":"/api/photos/image/27086b99ab4c90bfed9367e96adabf2f6b2e44d2c707834e826bb7b23a0b1ed4.jpeg","view":"foliage","alt":"Quercus incana — foliage photograph","width":281,"height":500,"artist":"no rights reserved","license":"CC0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/381398814","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}