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county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 18 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":74,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"eol_usda":{"archive_doi":"10.5281/zenodo.22129810","matched_name":"Pinus pungens","retrieved":"2026-09-30","scope":"Nationwide approximate species characteristics; tolerance categories do not specify sun hours or moisture requirements","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"USDA PLANTS via EOL TraitBank","source_sha256":"04bb6a5292502ddc757bb909f4151de4b9aaea042223dfb486ffe2a94a2564db","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PIPU5","trait_evidence":[{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/1033068","field":"drought_tolerance","method":"Compares the relative tolerance of the plant to drought conditions to other species with the same growth habit from the same geographical region. Drought tolerance is defined here in the following fashion: Imagine that in an acre of land there are low areas that have heavy soil and tend to accumulate more soil moisture, and higher areas that have coarse textured soil and tend to accumulate less soil moisture. Some plant species are most frequently found growing in the higher areas with the coarse soil texture. These plant species are considered to be more drought tolerant than the species that are frequently found in the low areas with fine textured soil.","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PIPU5","trait_id":"R133-PK288757197","trait_label":"drought tolerance","value":"high tolerance"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/1033068","field":"moisture_use","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PIPU5","trait_id":"R133-PK288767551","trait_label":"moisture use","value":"low"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/1033068","field":"shade_tolerance","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PIPU5","trait_id":"R133-PK288786345","trait_label":"shade tolerance","value":"low tolerance"}],"values":{"drought_tolerance":"high tolerance","moisture_use":"low","shade_tolerance":"low tolerance"}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Pinus pungens","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Pinus pungens","source_record_id":250,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Dry ridges, cliffs, shale barrens, usually requiring fire for its reproduction, occurring at least up to 1550 m."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"Organism","value":"A Central and Southern Appalachian endemic: n. New Jersey, through se. Pennsylvania, w. Maryland, West Virginia, w. Virginia, w. North Carolina, and e. Tennessee to nw. South Carolina and ne. Georgia. Occasionally planted outside its natural distribution, as in New York."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May; Sep-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, F, FNA2, G, Il, K1, K4, NS, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WV, Price (1989)]"},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Pinus pungens has a distinctive habit as compared to other \"fire pines\" with which it often grows ( Pinus rigida , Pinus echinata , Pinus virginiana ). While most pines develop a gnarled crown of twisted and repeatedly forking branches with cones scattered throughout, P. pungens tends to have long, straight, nearly horizontal branches with whorls of cones."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"Organism","value":7},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":250,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr13","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"C020,C050,C100","Attr11":"C250,C50,C60,C80","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 4-6","Attr5":"y","Attr6":"Cc","Attr7":"c","Attr8":"2","Attr9":"t"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"A Central and Southern Appalachian endemic: n. New Jersey, through se. Pennsylvania, w. Maryland, West Virginia, w. Virginia, w. North Carolina, and e. Tennessee to nw. South Carolina and ne. Georgia. Occasionally planted outside its natural distribution, as in New York.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr13","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"C020,C050,C100","Attr11":"C250,C50,C60,C80","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 4-6","Attr5":"y","Attr6":"Cc","Attr7":"c","Attr8":"2","Attr9":"t"},"habitat_description":"Dry ridges, cliffs, shale barrens, usually requiring fire for its reproduction, occurring at least up to 1550 m.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"heliophily_index":7,"identification_notes":"Pinus pungens has a distinctive habit as compared to other \"fire pines\" with which it often grows ( Pinus rigida , Pinus echinata , Pinus virginiana ). While most pines develop a gnarled crown of twisted and repeatedly forking branches with cones scattered throughout, P. pungens tends to have long, straight, nearly horizontal branches with whorls of cones.","phenology_source_text":"May; Sep-Oct.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, F, FNA2, G, Il, K1, K4, NS, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WV, Price (1989)]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Pinus pungens","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:42:00.384692+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"167f74a1498840a2d4b44c173973242136a7334444205f7726f94bb0b62cbaac","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pinus-pungens/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Pinus pungens","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:1df10d12e7435db1609166dd03b05a72b4947e86e85361c0b4cc918935fb78cc","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:00.384692+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Pinus pungens","source_sha256":"167f74a1498840a2d4b44c173973242136a7334444205f7726f94bb0b62cbaac","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pinus-pungens/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:1667ae92-3710-5968-9ea3-61b8513731c6","value":["Occasionally Dry"]},{"expected_source_name":"Pinus pungens","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:97f84653d2f8903b9d3c178811989cc5357e09bec1ce5bac93eeecb8c0b1af95","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:00.384692+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Pinus pungens","source_sha256":"167f74a1498840a2d4b44c173973242136a7334444205f7726f94bb0b62cbaac","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pinus-pungens/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:1667ae92-3710-5968-9ea3-61b8513731c6","value":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Pinus pungens","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:b72e9165c9ce98ebd1682ecafa352d08e25b16ecf938584cbda8cb9af080d166","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:00.384692+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; 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distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Pinus pungens","source_sha256":"167f74a1498840a2d4b44c173973242136a7334444205f7726f94bb0b62cbaac","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pinus-pungens/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:1667ae92-3710-5968-9ea3-61b8513731c6","value":["Woody"]},{"expected_source_name":"Pinus pungens","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:fb1036b368d8151bd9628d8f92183c44e4fe171d8bd24ed7ddd6b09ceb7e9a4c","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:00.384692+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Pinus pungens","source_sha256":"167f74a1498840a2d4b44c173973242136a7334444205f7726f94bb0b62cbaac","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pinus-pungens/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:1667ae92-3710-5968-9ea3-61b8513731c6","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]}],"values":{"hardiness_zones":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b"],"leaf_habit":["Needled Evergreen"],"life_cycle":["Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)"],"moisture_categories":["Occasionally Dry"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Pinus pungens","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; 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State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Pinus pungens","taxon_id":"taxon:1667ae92-3710-5968-9ea3-61b8513731c6","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"recovery-ncsu-pinus-pungens-23885","src":"/api/photos/image/41591d1ec28c0a3e7865d7a670189426c4642ba2d20ff09e3f09149e20ef692e.jpg","view":"other","alt":"Pinus pungens — cone photograph","width":680,"height":1024,"artist":"Elektryczne jabłko","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/pinus-pungens/","changes":"Original NCSU photograph bytes; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}