{"assessment":{"band":"Strong","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Nuphar sagittifolia"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established South Carolina range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":54,"composite":0.688,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.8045905707196029,"birds":0.6643920595533499,"caterpillars":0.7692307692307693,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":0.5},"rank_pct":0.573,"raw":{"bees":10,"birds":1,"caterpillars":9,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Forb/herb"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_inferred","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using South Carolina host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a South Carolina percentile","score":54,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":""},"source_ids":["lep_sc","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:5b58b9684283f649c0325de8c778afa9be706b138e4f9dda68b87018a8c16840","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:8df1301cef61256a6917fb93b8c1239e4fd5c8cb71b24fd0d38b61899ccc2a9d","policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":null,"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"unmapped_selected_fact","unmapped_categories":["Water"]}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_inferred"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["45043","45051"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["45043","45051"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"usda_l48_and_nc_flora_without_atlas_flag","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar lutea ssp. sagittifolia","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar luteum spp. sagittifolium","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"native_status":"native_inferred","source_ids":["sernec:92686"],"source_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","source_refs":["SC-checklist-5.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=5&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["SC-checklist-5.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=5&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":null,"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 11 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Strong","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:5b58b9684283f649c0325de8c778afa9be706b138e4f9dda68b87018a8c16840","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:8df1301cef61256a6917fb93b8c1239e4fd5c8cb71b24fd0d38b61899ccc2a9d","policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":null,"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"unmapped_selected_fact","unmapped_categories":["Water"]}},"county_fips":["37047","37061","37085","37103","37125","37129","37141","37153","37155","37163","37165","45043","45051"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":null,"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 11 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":54,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","source_record_id":283,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Blackwater streams, rivers, and lakes, acid-water ponds, in swift, sluggish, or stagnant water, extending downriver into freshwater tidal areas."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Endemic to our area: e. Virginia south to ne. South Carolina, very conspicuous and locally abundant on shallow bars along rivers such as the Northeast Cape Fear, Black, and Waccamaw, and forming dense colonies in Lake Waccamaw."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= AqW, C, FNA3, K4, POWO, Va, Padgett (2007); = Nuphar lutea J.E. Smith ssp. sagittifolia (Walter) E.O.Beal — K1, NS; = Nuphar luteum (L.) Sibth. & Sm. ssp. sagittifolium (Walter) E.O.Beal — GW2, RAB, Beal (1956); = Nuphar sagittifolium — F, G, orthographic variant; = Nymphaea sagittaefolia Walter — S13; = Nymphaea sagittifolia Walter — S]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apparent hybrids with N. advena have been named Nuphar × interfluitans Fernald. The submersed leaves have somewhat the texture and appearance of a thin leaf lettuce or the marine alga Ulva . This species appears to be closely related to N. ulvacea (Miller & Standley) Standley of blackwater rivers of Panhandle FL, another phytogeographic connection between se. NC and Panhandle FL. DePoe & Beal (1969) and Beal & Southall (1977) argue that this taxon and N. advena intergrade clinally, with N. advena inland and N. sagittifolia in the outer Coastal Plain, and that the two taxa are maintained by water temperatures. This ignores the fact that the two taxa often occur in close proximity to one another in both the inner and outer Coastal Plain; moreover, N. sagittifolia maintains its characteristics as stable in cultivation inland. I prefer to treat these taxa as species, with rare to uncommon hybridization or introgression. Moreover, molecular data suggest that N. sagittifolia is more closely related to the boreal N. variegata than to N. advena (Padgett 2007)."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":8},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Water","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":283,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,","Attr12":"e","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"6","Attr15":"ye","Attr16":"y","Attr17":"F2","Attr2":"Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_sc_cp:y,","Attr4":" 3-11","Attr5":"aq","Attr6":"ns","Attr7":"ba","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"nr"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"Apparent hybrids with N. advena have been named Nuphar × interfluitans Fernald. The submersed leaves have somewhat the texture and appearance of a thin leaf lettuce or the marine alga Ulva . This species appears to be closely related to N. ulvacea (Miller & Standley) Standley of blackwater rivers of Panhandle FL, another phytogeographic connection between se. NC and Panhandle FL. DePoe & Beal (1969) and Beal & Southall (1977) argue that this taxon and N. advena intergrade clinally, with N. advena inland and N. sagittifolia in the outer Coastal Plain, and that the two taxa are maintained by water temperatures. This ignores the fact that the two taxa often occur in close proximity to one another in both the inner and outer Coastal Plain; moreover, N. sagittifolia maintains its characteristics as stable in cultivation inland. I prefer to treat these taxa as species, with rare to uncommon hybridization or introgression. Moreover, molecular data suggest that N. sagittifolia is more closely related to the boreal N. variegata than to N. advena (Padgett 2007).","geographic_range_description":"Endemic to our area: e. Virginia south to ne. South Carolina, very conspicuous and locally abundant on shallow bars along rivers such as the Northeast Cape Fear, Black, and Waccamaw, and forming dense colonies in Lake Waccamaw.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,","Attr12":"e","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"6","Attr15":"ye","Attr16":"y","Attr17":"F2","Attr2":"Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_sc_cp:y,","Attr4":" 3-11","Attr5":"aq","Attr6":"ns","Attr7":"ba","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"nr"},"habitat_description":"Blackwater streams, rivers, and lakes, acid-water ponds, in swift, sluggish, or stagnant water, extending downriver into freshwater tidal areas.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Water","Wet"],"heliophily_index":8,"phenology_source_text":"Apr-Oct.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= AqW, C, FNA3, K4, POWO, Va, Padgett (2007); = Nuphar lutea J.E. Smith ssp. sagittifolia (Walter) E.O.Beal — K1, NS; = Nuphar luteum (L.) Sibth. & Sm. ssp. sagittifolium (Walter) E.O.Beal — GW2, RAB, Beal (1956); = Nuphar sagittifolium — F, G, orthographic variant; = Nymphaea sagittaefolia Walter — S13; = Nymphaea sagittifolia Walter — S]"}},"wildflower_center":{"matched_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","retrieved":"2026-10-05T19:53:09.174674+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_sha256":"617c40fde3dc57461e654d0ef6a91d20df380dfd7b2da10815c524937d35e9d9","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=NULUS","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Nuphar lutea ssp. sagittifolia","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:0dc8db8f47a467dd5710d70941770d0e6470cee4aa811e02d95ef37e21b6195a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:53:09.174674+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Nuphar lutea ssp. sagittifolia","source_sha256":"617c40fde3dc57461e654d0ef6a91d20df380dfd7b2da10815c524937d35e9d9","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=NULUS","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:70e27835-b4d4-534c-bc43-ef60c4a792c7","value":["Yellow","Green"]},{"expected_source_name":"Nuphar lutea ssp. sagittifolia","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:a5ddd841c9ab121d64a3924941a92bace3cf5e87cf0267b3750e83daabdd7570","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:53:09.174674+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Nuphar lutea ssp. sagittifolia","source_sha256":"617c40fde3dc57461e654d0ef6a91d20df380dfd7b2da10815c524937d35e9d9","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=NULUS","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:70e27835-b4d4-534c-bc43-ef60c4a792c7","value":["Perennial"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Yellow","Green"],"life_cycle":["Perennial"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar lutea ssp. sagittifolia","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Nuphar luteum spp. sagittifolium","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Nuphar sagittifolia","taxon_id":"taxon:70e27835-b4d4-534c-bc43-ef60c4a792c7","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"recovery-pmc-nuphar-sagittifolia-175d","src":"/api/photos/image/c36cdb096d8b3a7968b3fa4d5740f3d803d174bb096091a6e6af5c386786e89b.jpg","view":"leaf","alt":"Nuphar sagittifolia — leaf photograph","width":787,"height":575,"artist":"Nathan Howell; Howell, Krings and Braham (2016)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4911545/#F2489992","changes":"Original published individual photograph panel; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding"},{"id":"recovery-pmc-nuphar-sagittifolia-175e","src":"/api/photos/image/b9b3c7b8579016217ec42ad0bb7a0cbf37dc98c0ca16b61e87a8cd691b04451d.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Nuphar sagittifolia — bloom photograph","width":718,"height":533,"artist":"Nathan Howell; Howell, Krings and Braham (2016)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4911545/#F2489993","changes":"Original published individual photograph panel; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding"}]}