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Ecological relationships

Who uses this plant?

10CaterpillarsGenus host records with ranges including SC

Genus host records with ranges including SC · Monarda

Anterastria teratophoraGrey Marvel, White Spotted Jaspidia
Lintneria eremitusHermit Sphinx
Orthodes majusculaRustic Quaker, Rustic Groundcat
Papaipema nebrisStalk Borer
Pyrausta orphisalisOrange Mint Moth, Orange Spotted Pyrausta
Pyrausta signatalisRaspberry Pyrausta
Sparganothis sulfureanaSparganothis Fruitworm Moth, Sulfur Leafroller, False Yellow-Head
Synchlora frondariaSouthern Emerald
Pyrausta generosa
Xenotemna pallorana

Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)

37BeesSoutheastern regional records

Southeastern regional records · Monarda

Individual names are not available yet.

Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0

4Specialist beesPollen specialists

Pollen specialists · Monarda

Dufourea monardae
Perdita gerhardi
Perdita variegata
Protandrena abdominalis

Smith, Bachelder, Russell, Morales, Mosher & Seltmann 2024, Bee-Specialization-Modeling v0.6.1 (specialist host table compiled from J. Fowler's pollen specialist bee lists), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0

—BirdsRecorded genus food-resource interactions; not a state feeding claim

Flies 4

Exoprosopa decora
Exoprosopa fasciata
Physocephala tibialis
Systoechus vulgaris

Flower visits · Carlinville, Illinois, USA

Adult butterflies / moths 15

Achalarus lycidas
Anosia plexippus
Argynnis cybele
Atrytone delaware
Hemaris axillaris
Hemaris thysbe
Papilio asterias
Pholisora catullus
Pholisora hayhurstii
Pontia protodice

Show all 15

Speyeria idalia
Thorybes bathyllus
Vanessa atalanta
Vanessa cardui
Vanessa huntera

Flower visits · Carlinville, Illinois, USA

Other wasps 1

Leionotus dorsalis

Flower visits · Carlinville, Illinois, USA

No records yet · Ants · Beetles · Other insects

Growing and identification

Plant details

Family: Lamiaceae
Hardiness: Zones 3a–9b
Flower color: Pink or purple
Growth rate: Moderate
Growth habit: Single stem
Foliage color: Gray-green
Fruit begins: Summer
Fruit ends: Fall

Safety has not been reviewed for this plant; check toxicity and thorns before planting.

Growing sources and scope

Bloom · “Summer and fall” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Flower color · “Pink or purple” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Foliage color · “Gray-green” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Fruit begins · “Summer” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Fruit ends · “Fall” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Growth habit · “Single stem” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Growth rate · “Moderate” · USDA PLANTS · Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary
Hardiness · “Zones 3a–9b” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Height · “2–4 feet” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Leaves · “Deciduous” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Life cycle · “Perennial” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Light · “Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day); Partial shade (direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Soil · “Good drainage; Moist; Occasionally dry” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox
Spread · “2–3 feet” · NC Extension Plant Toolbox

Also known as

Appalachian Wild Bee Balm; Appalachian Wild Bergamot

Conservation status

South Carolina rank	Not available
Global rank	G5
SC status	Not verified
Federal status	Not verified

Conservation source Global and federal source

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Wild Bergamot

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