{"assessment":{"band":"Good","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Lachnanthes caroliniana"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established South Carolina range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":22,"composite":0.455,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.9162531017369727,"birds":0.7946650124069479,"caterpillars":0.17307692307692307,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":0.5},"rank_pct":0.193,"raw":{"bees":23,"birds":3,"caterpillars":0,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Forb/herb"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_inferred","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using South Carolina host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a South Carolina percentile","score":22,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":""},"source_ids":["lep_sc","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:21321ec524fc0e0f3bbb88d48a6bd713b15b8b94bcbb0addbddd3a4b255f5c89","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:df011c892ad2654a5fbc27952941f48b08ada4a7f31df10bb73b7058ad485186","policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":null,"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"unmapped_selected_fact","unmapped_categories":["Water"]}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_inferred"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["45013","45015","45025","45029","45043","45049","45051","45053","45075","45085"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["45013","45015","45025","45029","45043","45049","45051","45053","45075","45085"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_basis":"usda_l48_and_nc_flora_without_atlas_flag","native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"native_status":"native_inferred","source_ids":["sernec:130552"],"source_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","source_refs":["SC-checklist-4.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=4&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["SC-checklist-4.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=4&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":null,"ph":[4,7.4]},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 20 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"fit_record":{"band":"Good","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:21321ec524fc0e0f3bbb88d48a6bd713b15b8b94bcbb0addbddd3a4b255f5c89","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:df011c892ad2654a5fbc27952941f48b08ada4a7f31df10bb73b7058ad485186","policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":null,"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"unmapped_selected_fact","unmapped_categories":["Water"]}},"county_fips":["37017","37019","37031","37047","37049","37051","37061","37085","37093","37095","37103","37107","37127","37133","37137","37141","37153","37155","37163","37165","45013","45015","45025","45029","45043","45049","45051","45053","45075","45085"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":null,"ph":[4,7.4]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 20 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":22,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"botanical_review_primary_flower_color":{"matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","review_decision":{"reason":"Single consistent approved flower-color category; explicit normalization of existing observation, not a fresh anatomical verification.","sources":["lachnanthes-caroliniana--usda"],"status":"reviewed","value":"white"},"review_note":"Single consistent approved flower-color category; explicit normalization of existing observation, not a fresh anatomical verification.","review_sources":[{"approved_for_correction":true,"evidence_kind":"existing_structured_source_observation","excerpt":"{\"flower_color\": \"White\"}","retrieved":"2026-09-24","sha256":null,"source_record_id":27326,"title":"USDA PLANTS","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"review_status":"reviewed","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","values":{"primary_flower_color":"white"}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","source_record_id":1027,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Wet savannas, pocosin edges, shores of Coastal Plain depression ponds (and similar ponds in the mountains of Virginia), ditches, wet disturbed ground."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":"The range is almost strictly on the Coastal Plain, and rather disjunct: s. Nova Scotia, from Massachusetts to Delaware, from se. Virginia south to s. Florida and west to e. Louisiana (the Florida parishes), with inland disjunctions in w. Virginia, sc. Tennessee (Coffee County), and w. Louisiana (Vermilion Parish; Reid 2021); w. Cuba."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Jun-early Sep; Sep-Nov."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, Can, FNA26, GW1, K4, NE, NY, RAB, Tn, Va, W, Gandhi (1999), Pellegrini et al (2020); Dilatris caroliana Lamarck; Dilatris caroliniana Lamarck; = Gyrotheca tinctoria (J.F.Gmel.) Salisb. — S, S13; = Lachnanthes caroliana (Lam.) Dandy — K1, Meso6, NS, POWO, WH3, Robertson (1976), orthographic variant (correctable typographic error); = Lachnanthes tinctoria (J.F.Gmel.) Elliott — F, G, Tat]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":"The correct spelling of the specific epithet has been disputed; the original spelling was \" caroliana ,\" but Gandhi (1999) argues convincingly that this is a correctable typographic error. Many sources continue to maintain the spelling \" caroliana \", however (cf. POWO 2024)."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":8},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Water","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1027,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr07","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,ga_cp,","Attr10":"7L10,7L15,7L200,7L28","Attr11":"7W2cm,7W3mm,7W7.5mm","Attr12":"bc","Attr2":"Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_ga_cp:y,","Attr4":" 5-9","Attr5":"7H02,7H03,7H06,7H15","Attr6":"cc","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"ye","Attr9":"n"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"The correct spelling of the specific epithet has been disputed; the original spelling was \" caroliana ,\" but Gandhi (1999) argues convincingly that this is a correctable typographic error. Many sources continue to maintain the spelling \" caroliana \", however (cf. POWO 2024).","geographic_range_description":"The range is almost strictly on the Coastal Plain, and rather disjunct: s. Nova Scotia, from Massachusetts to Delaware, from se. Virginia south to s. Florida and west to e. Louisiana (the Florida parishes), with inland disjunctions in w. Virginia, sc. Tennessee (Coffee County), and w. Louisiana (Vermilion Parish; Reid 2021); w. Cuba.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr07","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,ga_cp,","Attr10":"7L10,7L15,7L200,7L28","Attr11":"7W2cm,7W3mm,7W7.5mm","Attr12":"bc","Attr2":"Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_ga_cp:y,","Attr4":" 5-9","Attr5":"7H02,7H03,7H06,7H15","Attr6":"cc","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"ye","Attr9":"n"},"habitat_description":"Wet savannas, pocosin edges, shores of Coastal Plain depression ponds (and similar ponds in the mountains of Virginia), ditches, wet disturbed ground.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Water","Wet"],"heliophily_index":8,"phenology_source_text":"Jun-early Sep; Sep-Nov.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, Can, FNA26, GW1, K4, NE, NY, RAB, Tn, Va, W, Gandhi (1999), Pellegrini et al (2020); Dilatris caroliana Lamarck; Dilatris caroliniana Lamarck; = Gyrotheca tinctoria (J.F.Gmel.) Salisb. — S, S13; = Lachnanthes caroliana (Lam.) Dandy — K1, Meso6, NS, POWO, WH3, Robertson (1976), orthographic variant (correctable typographic error); = Lachnanthes tinctoria (J.F.Gmel.) Elliott — F, G, Tat]"}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":27326,"values":{"bloom_season":"Late Spring","flower_color":"White","foliage_color":"Gray-Green","fruit_season_begin":"Spring","fruit_season_end":"Fall","growth_architecture":"Rhizomatous","growth_rate":"Moderate","height_ft":3,"leaf_retention":"No"}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Lachnanthes caroliana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Lachnanthes caroliniana","taxon_id":"taxon:0b9e3e19-09a5-5b3e-8ad7-501b9b253760","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"recovery-pmc-lachnanthes-caroliniana-61d","src":"/api/photos/image/ef389516759943f2fcb48938ec297d27556209579f6809b375af3ab06f82e4eb.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Lachnanthes caroliniana — bloom photograph","width":753,"height":556,"artist":"Nathan Howell; Howell, Krings and Braham (2016)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4911545/#F2237159","changes":"Original published individual photograph panel; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding"},{"id":"lachnanthes-caroliniana-6338482","src":"/api/photos/image/1bebd9bed13f3d34bda225b8491555c99044241998df67e52f319c477e337daf.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Lachnanthes caroliniana — bloom photograph","width":960,"height":671,"artist":"scott.zona","license":"CC BY 2.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lachnanthes_caroliniana.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"}]}