{"assessment":{"band":"Strong","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Kalmia angustifolia"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established South Carolina range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":77,"composite":0.835,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. 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NC and se. VA in longleaf pine sandhills."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Newfoundland and Labrador (Labrador) west to Minnesota, south to se. Virginia and extreme ne. North Carolina, West Virginia (Vanderhorst et al. 2019), s. Ontario, and Michigan, reaching its southern limit in the Coastal Plain of extreme ne. North Carolina (Sorrie & LeBlond 2008)."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr-Jun; Sep-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= K1, K4, Mi, NS, Pa, S, Tat, Va, Southall & Hardin (1974); = Kalmia angustifolia L. ssp. angustifolia — NE, POWO, Haines (2010); = Kalmia angustifolia L. var. angustifolia — C, Can, F, FNA8, G, NSProv, NY, Ebinger (1974), Luteyn et al (1996); = n/a — RAB; > Kalmia angustifolia L. — S13]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"Organism","value":"See Kalmia carolina for discussion of the taxonomy of these two taxa."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"Organism","value":7},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FAC"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4658,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"nt","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"5","Attr19":"pi,pur,re,wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSS","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"s","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"whor","Attr9":"sim"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"See Kalmia carolina for discussion of the taxonomy of these two taxa.","geographic_range_description":"Newfoundland and Labrador (Labrador) west to Minnesota, south to se. Virginia and extreme ne. North Carolina, West Virginia (Vanderhorst et al. 2019), s. Ontario, and Michigan, reaching its southern limit in the Coastal Plain of extreme ne. North Carolina (Sorrie & LeBlond 2008).","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"nt","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"5","Attr19":"pi,pur,re,wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSS","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"s","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"whor","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Sandy, xeric to mesic hillsides and moist areas, rocky areas, in ne. NC and se. VA in longleaf pine sandhills.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":7,"phenology_source_text":"Apr-Jun; Sep-Oct.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FAC"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= K1, K4, Mi, NS, Pa, S, Tat, Va, Southall & Hardin (1974); = Kalmia angustifolia L. ssp. angustifolia — NE, POWO, Haines (2010); = Kalmia angustifolia L. var. angustifolia — C, Can, F, FNA8, G, NSProv, NY, Ebinger (1974), Luteyn et al (1996); = n/a — RAB; > Kalmia angustifolia L. — S13]"}},"forest_service":{"identity_basis":"Exact existing catalog or state-source name","matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:42:54.544603+00:00","scope":"Source botanical description; original units and scope retained","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"Fire Effects Information System: Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"10dae6fdd59e61381ee3735bd620beb49b75229f44124a8c1500589e3349a716","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/kalang","trait_evidence":[{"catalog_id":"nc:kalmia-angustifolia","field":"height_description","height_description":"Sheep laurel is a small, branchy, evergreen shrub which reaches 1 to 3 feet (30-90 cm) in height.","life_stage":"general_botanical_description","matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","paragraph_sha256":"b2ae24b896458255fe1108dba2121dd074d6a979b2bb68f7067d4dde6469ab10","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:42:54.544603+00:00","review_status":"reviewed","source_quote":"Sheep laurel is a small, branchy, evergreen shrub which reaches 1 to 3 feet (30-90 cm) in height. It has pink, showy, five-part flowers on stalked clusters. The fruit is a small capsule containing many seeds. Capsules may persist on the branches for several years [4,36].","source_section":"Kalmia angustifolia, sheep laurel / Botanical Description","source_sha256":"10dae6fdd59e61381ee3735bd620beb49b75229f44124a8c1500589e3349a716","source_title":"Fire Effects Information System: Kalmia angustifolia","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/kalang"}],"values":{"height_description":"Sheep laurel is a small, branchy, evergreen shrub which reaches 1 to 3 feet (30-90 cm) in height."}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:20e203221108f057ff336f515271bada175fdfd7a9cd5cf6377542eb5747cc6a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["Woody"]},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:271dba66dd9d204b3f31bc6bed4f583fe56ff0f91faea03bc0ef6f95c6a1c4c9","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:2db648cdd567a5e16f99a0e5a3668d54666a6d9a440febacd51b3bdd13ec55f2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["Moist","Occasionally Dry","Occasionally Wet"]},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:4cda38d4857fc10e83ce14ce18c115d5274d529ba36815dea279f66038f49f82","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["Broadleaf Evergreen"]},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:517112e13bdcae083e5e1bde07e9fd11af10027a05de5f0682124f70228d3b13","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"spread_description","original_field":"spread","record_id":"trait:a787a452d5ec8ca0470306d788dcc2ba9f56c22500e2e93bba8cbe2256e86990","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":{"max":6,"min":4,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:c4299b4024bea096f96e1f6350dfb12a56a0c39ff8b8f8a3fba537ed38895a43","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:d2528158d4268c63fc47cff973f359a697b80bf96639ce233c257b4d0b640681","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":{"max":3,"min":1,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:f084ed8e08f023bd60de688a69e88d3c473aa9965cac2d9cda7a1d5f8e22d76a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:33.626310+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","source_sha256":"8907bca80917a501a927c3bf8d76d09e3a6e8c81a49fa009114eb104f981ae5d","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/kalmia-angustifolia/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","value":["Pink","Purple/Lavender","Red/Burgundy"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Pink","Purple/Lavender","Red/Burgundy"],"hardiness_zones":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b"],"height_description":"1–3 feet","leaf_habit":["Broadleaf Evergreen"],"life_cycle":["Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry","Occasionally Wet"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"spread_description":"4–6 feet"}}},"light_range":["full sun","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"unknown","matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/4867"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N SPM:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Kalmia angustifolia var. caroliniana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Kalmia angustifolia","taxon_id":"taxon:8ba1e29e-f700-5aaa-b99e-f95c6c0fc5b8","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"recovery-kalmia-angustifolia-77178249","src":"/api/photos/image/ffda31a7790ca6fab4e4d6a0ec8f6a6a38aa1da27bae11947e0a0523b2a0959e.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Kalmia angustifolia — bloom photograph","width":960,"height":1344,"artist":"Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kalmia_angustifolia_kz02.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no additional edits by Quercus."}]}