{"assessment":{"band":"Not native","fit_score":null,"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Reported non-native to South Carolina.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a South Carolina percentile","score":null,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"state_rank":""},"status":"not_native","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:b8fd752decf8791f32e8b0df61f8426fd298e85fdcfd9a8d7bdc65664ad0e0cd","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:a4bc6e3c9e16e817a49964c07135ea21d7fb38c8fa437957c50533c4938f3e64","levels":[1,3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[1,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Tree"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["45045","45079"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["45045","45079"],"growth_habit":"tree","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1787"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["sernec:33675"],"source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_refs":["SC-checklist-1.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?clid=3141&pid=84","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["SC-checklist-1.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?clid=3141&pid=84","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[1,3],"ph":[4.5,5.5]},"fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"fit_record":{"band":"Not native","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:b8fd752decf8791f32e8b0df61f8426fd298e85fdcfd9a8d7bdc65664ad0e0cd","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:a4bc6e3c9e16e817a49964c07135ea21d7fb38c8fa437957c50533c4938f3e64","levels":[1,3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[1,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["21029","21151","45045","45079","47001","47037","47065","47093","47117","47157"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[1,3],"ph":[4.5,5.5]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":null,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"botanical_review_primary_flower_color":{"matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","review_decision":{"reason":"Single consistent approved flower-color category; explicit normalization of existing observation, not a fresh anatomical verification.","sources":["ilex-cornuta--usda"],"status":"reviewed","value":"white"},"review_note":"Single consistent approved flower-color category; explicit normalization of existing observation, not a fresh anatomical verification.","review_sources":[{"approved_for_correction":true,"evidence_kind":"existing_structured_source_observation","excerpt":"{\"flower_color\": \"White\"}","retrieved":"2026-09-24","sha256":null,"source_record_id":74920,"title":"USDA PLANTS","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"review_status":"reviewed","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","values":{"primary_flower_color":"white"}},"eol_usda":{"archive_doi":"10.5281/zenodo.22129810","matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","retrieved":"2026-09-30","scope":"Nationwide approximate species characteristics; tolerance categories do not specify sun hours or moisture requirements","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"USDA PLANTS via EOL TraitBank","source_sha256":"04bb6a5292502ddc757bb909f4151de4b9aaea042223dfb486ffe2a94a2564db","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ILCO80","trait_evidence":[{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/590983","field":"drought_tolerance","method":"Compares the relative tolerance of the plant to drought conditions to other species with the same growth habit from the same geographical region. 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Escaped from suburban plantings in Alabama, North Carolina, Kentucky (Clark et al. 2005) and elsewhere. To be expected throughout the Flora region."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, FNA18, K4, NS, POWO, Clark (2023); = n/a — C, Chap3, F, Il, Pa, RAB, S]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Burford cultivars of this species have nearly entire leaves; the plants naturalizing in our area appear to maintain their conspicuously toothed margins."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5656,"source_table":"Organism","value":5},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5656,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5656,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5656,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"nt,to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"4,5","Attr19":"wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr20":"y","Attr21":"F2","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_mt:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 3-6","Attr5":"s,t","Attr6":"n,ylo","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"Burford cultivars of this species have nearly entire leaves; the plants naturalizing in our area appear to maintain their conspicuously toothed margins.","geographic_range_description":"Native of China. Escaped from suburban plantings in Alabama, North Carolina, Kentucky (Clark et al. 2005) and elsewhere. To be expected throughout the Flora region.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"nt,to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"4,5","Attr19":"wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr20":"y","Attr21":"F2","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_mt:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 3-6","Attr5":"s,t","Attr6":"n,ylo","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Escaped into forests in (primarily) suburban and urban areas, but certain to become more ubiquitous and increasingly in natural areas.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":5,"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, FNA18, K4, NS, POWO, Clark (2023); = n/a — C, Chap3, F, Il, Pa, RAB, S]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:0e68161138eba8763cfcd12c0057418e75120843cc097c3bacbdc3af3d0b9dcd","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":{"max":15,"min":8,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:1e4ac9356fd40305f5e318b87741f0d3108de69ab5c1aacea605b3c9ecc66833","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"spread_description","original_field":"spread","record_id":"trait:3324ac6c033146eadac16a1d516fb2540592000c7309b3a89dde67da9f03705a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":{"max":15,"min":8,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:603e09876832ba5090423cd6582ce68c13c2f8ccc7fd059f43a8a1ac4afe0455","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["Perennial","Woody"]},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:9c2fca3afee2f4829332bee75341546c1e003e3ae63e0b762bfed5a6e21e21bf","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["Moist","Occasionally Dry"]},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:abb2ed5de54f1f8c4a74f74b65f4a32ae0157fa1fda4a65a301f21bc272480b5","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:c973f883fa9662a12724ff649c8a82fd594dace1ed1e60ea25b3e2ac39553b0b","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:cf1e3d54b1a194f8da5ac2446309fdf2ec31acd23aa772b073180a0991245f97","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["White"]},{"expected_source_name":"Ilex cornuta","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:de603c6ba5d8a897481893db80cfc5fef122c0fd0e689a3d8bd12543dfc3832b","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:37:07.646487+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Ilex cornuta","source_sha256":"9e46c01acd62cda6bbc28622864df5f0e103afd71fdd34f4c9a98d3a4d54bc68","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ilex-cornuta/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","value":["Broadleaf Evergreen"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["White"],"hardiness_zones":["7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"height_description":"8–15 feet","leaf_habit":["Broadleaf Evergreen"],"life_cycle":["Perennial","Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"spread_description":"8–15 feet"}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":74920,"values":{"bloom_season":"Early Spring","flower_color":"White","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Spring","fruit_season_end":"Fall","growth_architecture":"Multiple Stem","growth_rate":"Moderate","height_ft":8,"leaf_retention":"Yes"}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1787"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Ilex cornuta","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to South Carolina","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Ilex cornuta","taxon_id":"taxon:514968b6-b2ee-5963-b5b1-5b910264b3d9","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-518392363","src":"/api/photos/image/2a6f3f896e94b65c617fe4810ef6299862ac602c489ab0b0e72b042a8978ec10.jpg","view":"foliage","alt":"Ilex cornuta — foliage photograph","width":375,"height":500,"artist":"(c) winston12345, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/518392363","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}