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county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 24 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":45,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"botanical_review_primary_flower_color":{"matched_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","review_decision":{"reason":"Single consistent approved flower-color category; explicit normalization of existing observation, not a fresh anatomical verification.","sources":["hydrocotyle-verticillata--wildflower_center"],"status":"reviewed","value":"white"},"review_note":"Single consistent approved flower-color category; explicit normalization of existing observation, not a fresh anatomical verification.","review_sources":[{"approved_for_correction":true,"evidence_kind":"existing_structured_source_observation","excerpt":"{\"flower_color\": [\"White\"]}","retrieved":"2026-10-05T19:56:07.419007+00:00","sha256":"0b8db232c7de85fdfa0446a5e7d318268444f28b6ad9f222e545679819ef4e6c","source_record_id":null,"title":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYVE2"}],"review_status":"reviewed","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYVE2","values":{"primary_flower_color":"white"}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","source_record_id":6654,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Swamp forests, pools."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Widespread in North, Central, and South America."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May-Jul."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Bah, Can, FNA13, Meso4.1, Mex, Ok, POWO, Tn, Va, Tippery et al (2026); = Hydrocotyle prolifera Kellogg — Va; = Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. triradiata (A.Rich.) Fernald — WH3; = Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. verticillata — WH3; > Hydrocotyle australis J.M. Coulter & Rose — S, S13; > Hydrocotyle canbyi J.M. Coulter & Rose — S, S13; > Hydrocotyle interrupta Muhlenberg — Chap; > Hydrocotyle prolifera Kellogg — Ar, K1, K4, S13; > Hydrocotyle tribotrys Ruiz & Pavón; Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg — Mo2; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg — Ar, K4, S, S13; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. fetherstoniana (Jenn.) Mathias — F, NS; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. triradiata (A.Rich.) Fernald — C, F, G, GW2, MC, NcTx, NS, RAB, Tat, Tx; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. verticillata — C, F, Fl7, G, GW2, K1, MC, NcTx, NS, NY, RAB, Tat, Tx]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Following Nesom & Levin (2024) and Tippery et al. (2026), we now treat this taxon broadly to include other taxa often recognized at species or variety rank (see synonymy), notably H. verticillata var. triradiata ."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":5},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"OBL"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Moist","Water","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":6654,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"5","Attr15":"gr,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DC","Attr2":"Moist,Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 4-8","Attr5":"pr","Attr6":"glb,ns","Attr7":"alt,ba","Attr8":"l,s","Attr9":"wi"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"Following Nesom & Levin (2024) and Tippery et al. (2026), we now treat this taxon broadly to include other taxa often recognized at species or variety rank (see synonymy), notably H. verticillata var. triradiata .","geographic_range_description":"Widespread in North, Central, and South America.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"5","Attr15":"gr,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DC","Attr2":"Moist,Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 4-8","Attr5":"pr","Attr6":"glb,ns","Attr7":"alt,ba","Attr8":"l,s","Attr9":"wi"},"habitat_description":"Swamp forests, pools.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Moist","Water","Wet"],"heliophily_index":5,"phenology_source_text":"May-Jul.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"OBL"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Bah, Can, FNA13, Meso4.1, Mex, Ok, POWO, Tn, Va, Tippery et al (2026); = Hydrocotyle prolifera Kellogg — Va; = Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. triradiata (A.Rich.) Fernald — WH3; = Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. verticillata — WH3; > Hydrocotyle australis J.M. Coulter & Rose — S, S13; > Hydrocotyle canbyi J.M. Coulter & Rose — S, S13; > Hydrocotyle interrupta Muhlenberg — Chap; > Hydrocotyle prolifera Kellogg — Ar, K1, K4, S13; > Hydrocotyle tribotrys Ruiz & Pavón; Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg — Mo2; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg — Ar, K4, S, S13; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. fetherstoniana (Jenn.) Mathias — F, NS; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. triradiata (A.Rich.) Fernald — C, F, G, GW2, MC, NcTx, NS, RAB, Tat, Tx; > Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunberg var. verticillata — C, F, Fl7, G, GW2, K1, MC, NcTx, NS, NY, RAB, Tat, Tx]"}},"wildflower_center":{"matched_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","retrieved":"2026-10-05T19:56:07.419007+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_sha256":"0b8db232c7de85fdfa0446a5e7d318268444f28b6ad9f222e545679819ef4e6c","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYVE2","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:102ed05c0d0a110d93ea003c875b2f1b3b45497858e856e72d219d335e2a91bb","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:56:07.419007+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","source_sha256":"0b8db232c7de85fdfa0446a5e7d318268444f28b6ad9f222e545679819ef4e6c","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYVE2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b283c0d-fee6-5313-9506-177b46647fea","value":["White"]},{"expected_source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:ca640fcbe3511e45eb16ce36d526d45726e3b974d6c4d388700701590aaca69e","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:56:07.419007+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","source_sha256":"0b8db232c7de85fdfa0446a5e7d318268444f28b6ad9f222e545679819ef4e6c","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYVE2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b283c0d-fee6-5313-9506-177b46647fea","value":["Perennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:dec2f0d0ebd220c23170fb95dd0cc0b45ba1a80f9dcf44206ab66e7efe69ee9c","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:56:07.419007+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","source_sha256":"0b8db232c7de85fdfa0446a5e7d318268444f28b6ad9f222e545679819ef4e6c","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HYVE2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4b283c0d-fee6-5313-9506-177b46647fea","value":{"approximate":true,"kind":"upper_bound","max":1,"unit":"feet"}}],"values":{"flower_color":["White"],"height_description":"Up to about 1 feet","life_cycle":["Perennial"]}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/618"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"HI:I L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Hydrocotyle verticillata","taxon_id":"taxon:4b283c0d-fee6-5313-9506-177b46647fea","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-102906871","src":"/api/photos/image/395c830a03473f580beeff057a42019816b5e0fc88dd052cd2e52585ad7efa63.jpeg","view":"bloom","alt":"Hydrocotyle verticillata — flower photograph","width":375,"height":500,"artist":"(c) Alison Northup, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/102906871","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}