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Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. 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county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 89 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":74,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"extension":{"identity_basis":"Exact genus/species fields on cached page","matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","retrieved":"2026-09-30T15:19:48.014680+00:00","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"01aa1ec1f1b1530d6975412a98e32dc5caf8b9235186a472f00d8899da246b8e","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/chrysopsis-mariana/","values":{"bloom_season":["Fall","Summer"],"flower_color":["Gold/Yellow"],"hardiness_zones":["4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"height_feet":[1,2.5],"life_cycle":["Biennial","Perennial"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry","Occasionally Wet"],"nc_regions":["Coastal","Mountains","Piedmont"],"soil_drainage":["Good Drainage","Moist","Occasionally Dry","Occasionally Wet"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"width_feet":[1,2]}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","source_record_id":5871,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Longleaf pine sandhills, dry pine flatwoods, dry forests and woodlands, roadsides, other dry habitats."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Se. New York and Rhode Island (Block Island) west to se. Ohio, c. Kentucky, w. Tennessee, south to c. peninsular Florida and se. Texas."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Late Jun-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, Fl7, FNA20, G, K4, NE, NS, NY, Oh3, Pa, POWO, S, SE1, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, Semple (1981); = Heterotheca mariana (L.) Shinners — RAB, Harms (1974); > Chrysopsis mariana (L.) Elliott var. macradenia Fernald — F; > Chrysopsis mariana (L.) Elliott var. mariana — F]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":"As currently defined, C. mariana includes 2x (2n=8), 4x (2n=16), 6x (2n=24) and 8x (2n=32) races that have different distribution patterns that are allopatric or very nearly so (Semple & Chinnappa 1986). Diploids are found in the FL Panhandle and c. peninsula. Tetraploids are found only in ne. FL and the n. peninsula. Hexaploids range nearly throughout the non-FL portion of the species’ distribution, in FL only in the nc. FL Panhandle. Octoploids are along the ne. coast of FL, on and near Merritts Island."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":8},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"UPL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"UPL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"UPL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"UPL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACU"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5871,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr08","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"en,to","Attr11":"bo","Attr12":"ye","Attr13":"ye","Attr14":"bris","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 6-11","Attr5":"gl,pu","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n,y","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"si"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"As currently defined, C. mariana includes 2x (2n=8), 4x (2n=16), 6x (2n=24) and 8x (2n=32) races that have different distribution patterns that are allopatric or very nearly so (Semple & Chinnappa 1986). Diploids are found in the FL Panhandle and c. peninsula. Tetraploids are found only in ne. FL and the n. peninsula. Hexaploids range nearly throughout the non-FL portion of the species’ distribution, in FL only in the nc. FL Panhandle. Octoploids are along the ne. coast of FL, on and near Merritts Island.","geographic_range_description":"Se. New York and Rhode Island (Block Island) west to se. Ohio, c. Kentucky, w. Tennessee, south to c. peninsular Florida and se. 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Shinners — RAB, Harms (1974); > Chrysopsis mariana (L.) Elliott var. macradenia Fernald — F; > Chrysopsis mariana (L.) 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distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","source_sha256":"ec9edb34e63e6b7613fe81a1a2f3c8200f4d3bc6b57988ac27b301d50b212b3f","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/chrysopsis-mariana/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:d77530bd-a903-5da3-a5ce-2fc137bc8b2c","value":["Biennial","Perennial"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Gold/Yellow"],"hardiness_zones":["4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"height_description":"1–2.5 feet","life_cycle":["Biennial","Perennial"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry","Occasionally Wet"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"spread_description":"1–2 feet"}},"virginia_coastal":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","page":2,"retrieved":"2026-09-30T18:00:37.533960+00:00","row_top":223.6019,"scope":"Virginia regional planting chart; sunlight is a minimum requirement, moisture is low/moderate/high","source_label":"Virginia DCR Coastal Plain","source_sha256":"c7dc029781c9ba41743547b5b3234bbe1c4c027e3137534abdc4b4fe2cf39612","source_url":"https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/cp-nat-plants.pdf","values":{"light":["Partial sun (minimum requirement)","Full sun (minimum requirement)"],"moisture_categories":["Low"]}},"virginia_piedmont":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","page":2,"retrieved":"2026-09-30T18:00:36.632111+00:00","row_top":219.38980000000004,"scope":"Virginia regional planting chart; sunlight is a minimum requirement, moisture is low/moderate/high","source_label":"Virginia DCR Piedmont","source_sha256":"cb946fa6b7fa4ad5694d1debe04b04c392bc7389af2321eeab1ebcff381a5be3","source_url":"https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/pied-nat-plants.pdf","values":{"light":["Partial sun (minimum requirement)","Full sun (minimum requirement)"],"moisture_categories":["Low"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2102"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Heterotheca mariana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Chrysopsis mariana","taxon_id":"taxon:d77530bd-a903-5da3-a5ce-2fc137bc8b2c","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-196865538","src":"/api/photos/image/323cf18f8bdf55bd2cd18326efbdd2cebe474da978ed8c6f0fdb482eaa5b7043.jpeg","view":"other","alt":"Chrysopsis mariana — flower/foliage photograph","width":375,"height":500,"artist":"(c) Jay Horn, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/196865538","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}