{"assessment":{"band":"Strong","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Carex torta"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established South Carolina range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":59,"composite":0.72,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.5272952853598015,"birds":0.9981389578163772,"caterpillars":0.8895781637717122,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":0.5},"rank_pct":0.63,"raw":{"bees":1,"birds":50,"caterpillars":26,"genus_used":["Carex","Cymophyllus"],"specialists":0,"structure":["Graminoid"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_inferred","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using South Carolina host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a South Carolina percentile","score":59,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":""},"source_ids":["lep_sc","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:2fcec53b57ffd53a43d1bce6fe86bd047f785b58f9b45b21ff4be489c665f72a","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:97645d00d6120a9728f42977eb2a34de67ceb9dcb0d589fa21561fa159271129","levels":[3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Graminoid"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_inferred"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["45057"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["45057"],"growth_habit":"graminoid","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex torta","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3281"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex torta","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex torta","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"native_status":"native_inferred","source_ids":["sernec:76721"],"source_name":"Carex torta","source_refs":["SC-checklist-3.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=3&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["SC-checklist-3.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=3&clid=3141&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[3,4],"ph":[5,7]},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 17 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"fit_record":{"band":"Strong","condition_evidence":{"light":{"broad_range_note":{"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","text":"Selected source categories span deep shade to full sun; broad tolerance is source-recorded, not independently verified."},"evidence_id":"fact:2fcec53b57ffd53a43d1bce6fe86bd047f785b58f9b45b21ff4be489c665f72a","levels":[0,1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:97645d00d6120a9728f42977eb2a34de67ceb9dcb0d589fa21561fa159271129","levels":[3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13015","21011","21013","21045","21055","21075","21095","21099","21109","21127","21129","21131","21133","21147","21151","21165","21189","21197","21203","21205","21237","37009","37011","37027","37075","37087","37089","37121","37123","37125","37135","37149","37151","37167","37173","37175","37189","37199","45057","47009","47013","47019","47021","47035","47051","47065","47091","47101","47119","47123","47125","47129","47139","47143","47145","47151","47163","47171","47179","47187"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[0,4],"moisture":[3,4],"ph":[5,7]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 17 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":59,"state":"SC"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"eol_usda":{"archive_doi":"10.5281/zenodo.22129810","matched_name":"Carex torta","retrieved":"2026-09-30","scope":"Nationwide approximate species characteristics; tolerance categories do not specify sun hours or moisture requirements","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"USDA PLANTS via EOL TraitBank","source_sha256":"04bb6a5292502ddc757bb909f4151de4b9aaea042223dfb486ffe2a94a2564db","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CATO4","trait_evidence":[{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/1123193","field":"drought_tolerance","method":"Compares the relative tolerance of the plant to drought conditions to other species with the same growth habit from the same geographical region. Drought tolerance is defined here in the following fashion: Imagine that in an acre of land there are low areas that have heavy soil and tend to accumulate more soil moisture, and higher areas that have coarse textured soil and tend to accumulate less soil moisture. Some plant species are most frequently found growing in the higher areas with the coarse soil texture. These plant species are considered to be more drought tolerant than the species that are frequently found in the low areas with fine textured soil.","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CATO4","trait_id":"R133-PK288756171","trait_label":"drought tolerance","value":"low tolerance"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/1123193","field":"moisture_use","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CATO4","trait_id":"R133-PK288766380","trait_label":"moisture use","value":"medium"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/1123193","field":"shade_tolerance","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CATO4","trait_id":"R133-PK288785212","trait_label":"shade tolerance","value":"high tolerance"}],"values":{"drought_tolerance":"low tolerance","moisture_use":"medium","shade_tolerance":"high tolerance"}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Carex torta","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Carex torta","source_record_id":1373,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Rocky streambeds, often dominant in patches in the beds of mountain streams, along their banks, and on rocky or cobbly islands."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Nova Scotia west to Ontario, south to sc. North Carolina, South Carolina (Gaddy 1981), nc. Georgia (Jones & Coile 1988), Alabama, nw. Mississippi, w. Arkansas, and e. Oklahoma."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr-Jun."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, Can, F, FNA23, G, Il, K1, K4, Mo1, NE, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, Tat, Tn, Va, W, Mackenzie (1931-1935)]"},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":"The habitat, early-flowering period, and excurved perigynia apices make this species readily identifiable in the field."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":6},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACW"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1373,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr04","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"4H23,4H43,4H64,4H91","Attr11":"d","Attr12":"4Bw2,4Bw4,4Bw6","Attr2":"Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"n","Attr6":"y","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"c","Attr9":"n"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"Nova Scotia west to Ontario, south to sc. North Carolina, South Carolina (Gaddy 1981), nc. Georgia (Jones & Coile 1988), Alabama, nw. Mississippi, w. Arkansas, and e. Oklahoma.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr04","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"4H23,4H43,4H64,4H91","Attr11":"d","Attr12":"4Bw2,4Bw4,4Bw6","Attr2":"Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"n","Attr6":"y","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"c","Attr9":"n"},"habitat_description":"Rocky streambeds, often dominant in patches in the beds of mountain streams, along their banks, and on rocky or cobbly islands.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":6,"identification_notes":"The habitat, early-flowering period, and excurved perigynia apices make this species readily identifiable in the field.","phenology_source_text":"Apr-Jun.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACW"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, C, Can, F, FNA23, G, Il, K1, K4, Mo1, NE, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, Tat, Tn, Va, W, Mackenzie (1931-1935)]"}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Carex torta","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":17981,"values":{"bloom_season":"Late Spring","flower_color":"Green","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Summer","fruit_season_end":"Summer","growth_architecture":"Rhizomatous","growth_rate":"Slow","height_ft":2.8,"leaf_retention":"No"}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex torta","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3281"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex torta","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carex torta","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to South Carolina (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Carex torta","taxon_id":"taxon:6ff793df-de37-5d73-813d-cf449a22319f","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"carex-torta-21583741","src":"/api/photos/image/a52b4322f158b40c11068624255e843bf14ad08c9a60bb91e9fc14ad31aebab7.jpg","view":"fruit","alt":"Carex torta — fruit photograph","width":960,"height":1440,"artist":"Robert H. Mohlenbrock. USDA NRCS. 1995. Northeast wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species. Northeast National Technical Center, Chester. Courtesy of USDA NRCS Wetland Science Institute.","license":"Public domain","license_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Public_domain","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carex_torta_NRCS-1.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"}]}