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These two entities are genetically strongly differentiated (and so far as is known, do not form hybrids in the wild when growing in proximity) and warrant taxonomic status. Ascomycetous fungi, Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi , are the cause of the Dutch Elm disease. In our area, the effects of the disease appear to have been variable, with less impact southwards and in natural populations (as compared to suburban or urban plantings)."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3285,"source_table":"Organism","value":5},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3285,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FAC"}]},{"field":"wetland_source_note","source_column":"WetlandNote","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3285,"source_table":"Organism","value":"name change"},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3285,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3285,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3285,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"to","Attr14":"Bl14,Bl24,Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"bil,nd,rad","Attr18":"5,6,7+","Attr19":"br,gr,nd,pur,ye","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSN","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 1-4","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"It now appears that U. americana (in the broad sense) is a polyploid complex, with tetraploids throughout its distribution and diploids south of the glacial maximum (Whittemore & Olson 2011; Whittemore et al. 2021). These two entities are genetically strongly differentiated (and so far as is known, do not form hybrids in the wild when growing in proximity) and warrant taxonomic status. Ascomycetous fungi, Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi , are the cause of the Dutch Elm disease. In our area, the effects of the disease appear to have been variable, with less impact southwards and in natural populations (as compared to suburban or urban plantings).","geographic_range_description":"Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Québec west to se. Saskatchewan, south to n. Florida, c. Texas, and n. and c. Mexico.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"to","Attr14":"Bl14,Bl24,Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"bil,nd,rad","Attr18":"5,6,7+","Attr19":"br,gr,nd,pur,ye","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSN","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 1-4","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Swamps, bottomland forests, moist slopes, especially on relatively or strongly nutrient-rich substrates.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":5,"phenology_source_text":"Feb-Mar; Mar-Apr.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACW"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FAC"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Kurz & Godfrey (1962); = Ulmus americana L. — S, S13; Ulmus americana L. — Ar, C, Can, F, FNA3, G, GrPl, GW2, Il, K1, K4, Mex, Mi, Mo3, NcTx, NE, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, Tat, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, WV]","wetland_source_note":"name change"}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Ulmus americana var. americana","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":70987,"values":{"bloom_season":"Early Spring","flower_color":"Green","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Spring","fruit_season_end":"Spring","growth_architecture":"Single Stem","growth_rate":"Rapid","height_ft":120,"leaf_retention":"No"}}},"light_range":["deep shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Ulmus americana var. americana","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/491"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Ulmus americana var. americana","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Ulmus americana var. americana","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to Kentucky (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Ulmus americana var. americana","taxon_id":"taxon:bfe085db-81f2-5d68-97a9-c5e21e686e35","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[]}