{"assessment":{"band":"Not native","fit_score":null,"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Reported non-native to Kentucky.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Kentucky percentile","score":null,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"state_rank":"SNA"},"status":"not_native","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:481e5e6b406c2a115e531e9a1d2001b0ed977480ac02cfbf11515b68dd84290e","levels":[4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[4,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:633840fa2d19285c932a26c69d0fc8e659c369ea6015fd43bb4f3d907fc56211","levels":[4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[4,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Tree"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["21111","21121","21133","21165","21193","21221"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["21111","21121","21133","21165","21193","21221"],"growth_habit":"tree","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Populus nigra","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/695"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Populus nigra","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:I L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["tnky:695"],"source_name":"Populus nigra","source_refs":["KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21121.json","KY-county-21165.json","KY-county-21193.json","KY-county-21221.json","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/695","state_rank":"SNA"},"source_refs":["KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21121.json","KY-county-21165.json","KY-county-21193.json","KY-county-21221.json","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/695","state_rank":{"value":"SNA"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[4,4],"moisture":[4,4],"ph":[5,8.5]},"fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"fit_record":{"band":"Not native","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:481e5e6b406c2a115e531e9a1d2001b0ed977480ac02cfbf11515b68dd84290e","levels":[4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[4,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:633840fa2d19285c932a26c69d0fc8e659c369ea6015fd43bb4f3d907fc56211","levels":[4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[4,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13059","21111","21121","21133","21165","21193","21221","47003","47019","47031","47037","47041","47051","47065","47099","47119","47125","47141","47149","47157","47161","47165","47177","47187"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[4,4],"moisture":[4,4],"ph":[5,8.5]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":null,"state":"KY"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"eol_usda":{"archive_doi":"10.5281/zenodo.22129810","matched_name":"Populus nigra","retrieved":"2026-09-30","scope":"Nationwide approximate species characteristics; tolerance categories do not specify sun hours or moisture requirements","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"USDA PLANTS via EOL TraitBank","source_sha256":"04bb6a5292502ddc757bb909f4151de4b9aaea042223dfb486ffe2a94a2564db","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PONI","trait_evidence":[{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/584265","field":"drought_tolerance","method":"Compares the relative tolerance of the plant to drought conditions to other species with the same growth habit from the same geographical region. 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These plant species are considered to be more drought tolerant than the species that are frequently found in the low areas with fine textured soil.","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PONI","trait_id":"R133-PK288756583","trait_label":"drought tolerance","value":"low tolerance"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/584265","field":"moisture_use","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PONI","trait_id":"R133-PK288768113","trait_label":"moisture use","value":"high"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/584265","field":"shade_tolerance","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PONI","trait_id":"R133-PK288786394","trait_label":"shade tolerance","value":"low tolerance"}],"values":{"drought_tolerance":"low tolerance","moisture_use":"high","shade_tolerance":"low tolerance"}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Populus nigra","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_record_id":3567,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3567,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Disturbed suburban areas."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3567,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of s. Europe. Cultivated in various forms, especially the columnar ‘Lombardy Poplar’; short-lived and weakly spreading to disturbed areas in the vicinity of plantings, especially by root sprouts (Diamond 2013)."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3567,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Mar-May; May-Jun."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3567,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, FNA7, G, GrPl, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NcTx, NE, NS, NY, Pa, Tx; = n/a — RAB; = Populus dilatata W. 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Cultivated in various forms, especially the columnar ‘Lombardy Poplar’; short-lived and weakly spreading to disturbed areas in the vicinity of plantings, especially by root sprouts (Diamond 2013).","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pal,pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh,wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"nd","Attr18":"nd","Attr19":"gr,nd,ye","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSS","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 2-6","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Disturbed suburban areas.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"phenology_source_text":"Mar-May; May-Jun.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, FNA7, G, GrPl, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NcTx, NE, NS, NY, Pa, Tx; = n/a — RAB; = Populus dilatata W. Aiton — S13; > Populus italica (Du Roi) Moench — S; > Populus nigra L. ssp. nigra — POWO; > Populus nigra L. var. italica Du Roi — Can, F, WV; > Populus nigra L. var. nigra — F, Il]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Populus nigra","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:665afa7fe820c4738a7d591712de5061d921734ad73bac26d1159221ad260b07","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":["2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:82fe0767fc26a8406d4afbb68453988a0c489c8715a3527ea5a62fb46dfb8cc4","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"spread_description","original_field":"spread","record_id":"trait:936aa94e00a70f8f5180cbde64c9f09e91c10d0aa45fe23a6c4b2f899a5479db","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":{"max":12,"min":10,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:953555f8745511506ecf8ef03431b1599bfd1d0bfe617f179019309465324756","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":["Green","Red/Burgundy"]},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:a8f21f0b07d05d7f55a07a94a408e7fa30f52f5e72b816176cac1f6032ba2d88","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":["Frequent Standing Water"]},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:d9b2faafb0165ae63eda2524dd40e4e63d83bd5111d1dbc9789891ec9eb213dc","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":["Woody"]},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:eb17f12389c99b5519a619aa19de5e652c4044f275501d07b6482d487eefd0f6","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":{"max":70,"min":40,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Populus nigra","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:f9eaebc296b9e0cc7e461d61e5775aba7eb40f868f564cd8b24fbb3b1672bcc1","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:42:36.699223+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Populus nigra","source_sha256":"cc403b2191a268d48afef0cb967b5ba507c8d547b46899687b367a383c180637","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-nigra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","value":["Deciduous"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Green","Red/Burgundy"],"hardiness_zones":["2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b"],"height_description":"40–70 feet","leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)"],"moisture_categories":["Frequent Standing Water"],"spread_description":"10–12 feet"}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Populus nigra","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":67483,"values":{"bloom_season":"Early Spring","flower_color":"White","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Spring","fruit_season_end":"Spring","growth_architecture":"Multiple Stem","growth_rate":"Rapid","height_ft":190,"leaf_retention":"No"}}},"light_range":["full sun","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Populus nigra","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/695"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Populus nigra","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:I L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to Kentucky","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Populus nigra","taxon_id":"taxon:c24d2e55-6c1f-58f7-8008-826197db44be","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[]}