{"assessment":{"band":"Keystone","factor_identity":{"basis":"source accepted identity; genus-level evidence","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Crataegus collina"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established Kentucky range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":85,"composite":0.866,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.8207196029776674,"birds":0.9460297766749379,"caterpillars":0.9826302729528535,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":1},"rank_pct":0.894,"raw":{"bees":11,"birds":14,"caterpillars":141,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Shrub","Tree"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_inferred","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using Kentucky host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Kentucky percentile","score":85,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"SNR"},"source_ids":["lep_ky","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:e97ccfc5c9ccb1ac5e887e68ea680318b93659ee4bf94bb6affc3c7ac5ed1ca6","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:21b62925ba18a06fd4be86517839b18f69bbbad7be49121a1d62668249d8f740","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Tree"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_inferred"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["21035","21111","21137","21141","21143","21147","21157","21185","21221"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["21035","21111","21137","21141","21143","21147","21157","21185","21221"],"growth_habit":"tree","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Crataegus collina","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1243"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Crataegus collina","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Crataegus collina","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"native_status":"native_inferred","source_ids":["tnky:1243"],"source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_refs":["KY-county-21035.json","KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21137.json","KY-county-21141.json","KY-county-21143.json","KY-county-21147.json","KY-county-21185.json","KY-county-21221.json","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1243","state_rank":"SNR"},"source_refs":["KY-county-21035.json","KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21137.json","KY-county-21141.json","KY-county-21143.json","KY-county-21147.json","KY-county-21185.json","KY-county-21221.json","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1243","state_rank":{"value":"SNR"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"fit_record":{"band":"Keystone","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:e97ccfc5c9ccb1ac5e887e68ea680318b93659ee4bf94bb6affc3c7ac5ed1ca6","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:21b62925ba18a06fd4be86517839b18f69bbbad7be49121a1d62668249d8f740","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["21035","21111","21137","21141","21143","21147","21157","21185","21221","45073","45077","47013","47021","47037","47047","47051","47055","47073","47085","47101","47107","47109","47145","47151","47161","47181","47187"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":85,"state":"KY"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Crataegus collina","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_record_id":571,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Hardwood and pine-oak forests of hills and valleys, brushy lands. C. collina occupies sub-xeric uplands in the Appalachian Region and is tolerant of lowland floodplains in GA, AL, TN."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Sw. Virginia west to Kansas, south to c. Georgia, s. Alabama, c. Mississippi, Arkansas and Oklahoma."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Mar-Apr; Aug-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= S, Tn, W, Lance (2014); > Crataegus amnicola Beadle — S13; > Crataegus collina Chapman — Il, S13; > Crataegus collina Chapman var. collicola (Ashe) E.J.Palmer — F, G; > Crataegus collina Chapman var. collina — F, FNA9, G; > Crataegus ingens Beadle — S13; Crataegus punctata Jacquin — Ar, C, RAB]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Allied to C. punctata Jacquin, but more southern in range and at lower elevations. The fruits rarely reach 12 mm in diameter, whereas those of C. punctata often range from 12-23 mm. This species is variable in leaf and vestiture, some local genotypes being conspicuously pubescent. Several varieties have been described for the western range of the species, considered in synonymy here."},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":"It is one of the earliest hawthorns to flower in spring."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"Organism","value":6},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":571,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"5","Attr19":"wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"y","Attr21":"F2","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 2-5","Attr5":"s,t","Attr6":"x","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"Allied to C. punctata Jacquin, but more southern in range and at lower elevations. The fruits rarely reach 12 mm in diameter, whereas those of C. punctata often range from 12-23 mm. This species is variable in leaf and vestiture, some local genotypes being conspicuously pubescent. Several varieties have been described for the western range of the species, considered in synonymy here.","geographic_range_description":"Sw. Virginia west to Kansas, south to c. Georgia, s. Alabama, c. Mississippi, Arkansas and Oklahoma.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"to","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"5","Attr19":"wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"y","Attr21":"F2","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 2-5","Attr5":"s,t","Attr6":"x","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Hardwood and pine-oak forests of hills and valleys, brushy lands. C. collina occupies sub-xeric uplands in the Appalachian Region and is tolerant of lowland floodplains in GA, AL, TN.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"heliophily_index":6,"identification_notes":"It is one of the earliest hawthorns to flower in spring.","phenology_source_text":"Mar-Apr; Aug-Oct.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= S, Tn, W, Lance (2014); > Crataegus amnicola Beadle — S13; > Crataegus collina Chapman — Il, S13; > Crataegus collina Chapman var. collicola (Ashe) E.J.Palmer — F, G; > Crataegus collina Chapman var. collina — F, FNA9, G; > Crataegus ingens Beadle — S13; Crataegus punctata Jacquin — Ar, C, RAB]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Crataegus collina","retrieved":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:0f8340c479f66b3b80afde46d3b505eadc5e56a4de0fd9e12d96b739b89b79a4","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["Deciduous"]},{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:4ec44f1fcc3af30d33af196d6da6a9408bdd0f4693ddce44fd054eb8dd293dc4","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["Cream/Tan","White"]},{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:6a37b99d0da0ecb9fa09b7cf3cd60cac6ae64600f128beebf3e3f93668e6acaf","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["Perennial","Woody"]},{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:73ec7ceb0d4a06d0bcfbe85043bbdd5b20fd5c4a229d2bb104cf3e07efa9c700","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:cd7c6f52e335156f16b11fce055a95a009d00c933d5069564aebae6557903e2b","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:cd936e30a718810ee35083997a756aefcb39f5f1a296cb85e5a604ab3ae7eee4","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Crataegus collina","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:e42a8c9460429f5e2f1361c7d3b02b3cc93a627180023fcb1e6a2c9e9c2f2d3a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T22:40:19.300285+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Crataegus collina","source_sha256":"31309070f36a3e46e199f61d731646f9df54c76570b180762156aad8289933e9","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/crataegus-collina/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","value":["Moist"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Cream/Tan","White"],"hardiness_zones":["4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b"],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Perennial","Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist"],"soil_ph_categories":["Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Crataegus collina","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1243"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Crataegus collina","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Crataegus collina","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to Kentucky (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Crataegus collina","taxon_id":"taxon:4e57daff-a6c6-50de-b0f1-ecb213e5f343","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[]}