{"assessment":{"band":"Strong","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Catalpa bignonioides"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established Kentucky range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":0,"baseline_score":57,"composite":0.708,"insect_support":{"credit":0,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"beetles":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"flies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Flies","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"moths_butterflies":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other wasps","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"},"other_insects":{"credit":0,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Other insects","recorded_name_count":null,"recorded_names":[],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"unknown"}},"interpretation":"One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit.","maximum_credit":5,"version":"insect-support-1"},"pct":{"bees":0.8045905707196029,"birds":0.303970223325062,"caterpillars":0.7816377171215881,"specialists":0.4323821339950372,"structure":1},"rank_pct":0.606,"raw":{"bees":10,"birds":0,"caterpillars":10,"genus_used":null,"specialists":0,"structure":["Tree"]}},"fit_score":null,"native_basis":"native_inferred","rarity_adjustment":0,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Calculated with the shared rules using Kentucky host-range and shared ecological evidence.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Kentucky percentile","score":57,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"state_rank":"SNA"},"source_ids":["lep_ky","globi","bigbee","avian","usdahabit","robertson","antseed"],"status":"scored_provisional","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:8847bd1b77e10a1ac9812279a8d4d7f82794357a007ad371e80da6b8c0b36228","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:636fabbd6d1a740374706d19aabd1a5e9b4ee6d98a860f084ea0880b5fc810d3","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Tree"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"native_inferred"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["21009","21019","21023","21047","21049","21053","21057","21061","21083","21095","21099","21105","21107","21111","21141","21147","21149","21151","21157","21161","21179","21181","21193","21205","21227"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["21009","21019","21023","21047","21049","21053","21057","21061","21083","21095","21099","21105","21107","21111","21141","21147","21149","21151","21157","21161","21179","21181","21193","21205","21227"],"growth_habit":"tree","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":true,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2952"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:I L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"native_status":"native_inferred","source_ids":["tnky:2952"],"source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_refs":["KY-county-21009.json","KY-county-21019.json","KY-county-21023.json","KY-county-21047.json","KY-county-21053.json","KY-county-21057.json","KY-county-21061.json","KY-county-21083.json","KY-county-21095.json","KY-county-21099.json","KY-county-21105.json","KY-county-21107.json","KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21141.json","KY-county-21147.json","KY-county-21151.json","KY-county-21157.json","KY-county-21161.json","KY-county-21179.json","KY-county-21181.json","KY-county-21193.json","KY-county-21205.json","KY-county-21227.json","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2952","state_rank":"SNA"},"source_refs":["KY-county-21009.json","KY-county-21019.json","KY-county-21023.json","KY-county-21047.json","KY-county-21053.json","KY-county-21057.json","KY-county-21061.json","KY-county-21083.json","KY-county-21095.json","KY-county-21099.json","KY-county-21105.json","KY-county-21107.json","KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21141.json","KY-county-21147.json","KY-county-21151.json","KY-county-21157.json","KY-county-21161.json","KY-county-21179.json","KY-county-21181.json","KY-county-21193.json","KY-county-21205.json","KY-county-21227.json","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2952","state_rank":{"value":"SNA"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":[5.5,7.5]},"fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"fit_record":{"band":"Strong","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:8847bd1b77e10a1ac9812279a8d4d7f82794357a007ad371e80da6b8c0b36228","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:636fabbd6d1a740374706d19aabd1a5e9b4ee6d98a860f084ea0880b5fc810d3","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13105","13115","13131","13145","13185","13191","13293","21009","21019","21023","21047","21049","21053","21057","21061","21083","21095","21099","21105","21107","21111","21141","21147","21149","21151","21157","21161","21179","21181","21193","21205","21227","45015","45025","45029","45031","45045","45073","45079","45083","47001","47003","47017","47031","47035","47037","47041","47045","47051","47055","47061","47065","47073","47087","47115","47119","47125","47133","47139","47141","47147","47149","47163","47165","47171","47179","47187","47189"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":[5.5,7.5]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":57,"state":"KY"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_record_id":5619,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Bottomlands and streambanks (as a native), escaped or persistent after cultivation."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"Organism","value":"S. South Carolina, s. Georgia, ne. Florida, n. peninsular Florida, and Panhandle Florida west to s. Mississippi (or Louisiana?), on the Coastal Plain, early naturalized in a more widespread area, and now extending north to Connecticut and Michigan."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"Organism","value":"May-early Jul; Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, Can, F, Fl6, FNA18, G, GrPl, GW2, Il, K1, K4, NE, NeUS, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, Tat, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, Manning (2000), Olsen & Kirkbride (2017); = Catalpa catalpa (L.) H.Karst. — S]"},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"Organism","value":5},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"UPL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"UPL"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5619,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"lob,unl","Attr13":"nt","Attr14":"Bl14,Bl24,Bl9,BlC","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"bil","Attr19":"pi,wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSS","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y,n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:n,","Attr4":" 4-7","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"opp","Attr9":"sim"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"S. South Carolina, s. Georgia, ne. Florida, n. peninsular Florida, and Panhandle Florida west to s. Mississippi (or Louisiana?), on the Coastal Plain, early naturalized in a more widespread area, and now extending north to Connecticut and Michigan.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"lob,unl","Attr13":"nt","Attr14":"Bl14,Bl24,Bl9,BlC","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"bil","Attr19":"pi,wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSS","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y,n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:n,","Attr4":" 4-7","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"opp","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Bottomlands and streambanks (as a native), escaped or persistent after cultivation.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"heliophily_index":5,"phenology_source_text":"May-early Jul; Oct.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"UPL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"UPL"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, C, Can, F, Fl6, FNA18, G, GrPl, GW2, Il, K1, K4, NE, NeUS, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, Tat, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WH3, Manning (2000), Olsen & Kirkbride (2017); = Catalpa catalpa (L.) H.Karst. — S]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:51bdf222481112e75f63c2cb1f5b5a9935193c60133af40b8ab3eeb8d87c1cf2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Alkaline (>8.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"spread_description","original_field":"spread","record_id":"trait:51c341a7d67d95dd91a4946f99092847058c6cc7489e397fbd2107146106af56","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":{"max":40,"min":20,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:6ad17bbff841dc546920cc4a966c1c69bf1e8815dca197a921e04cbb45007bb9","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:6c49e6aac070150e2082dd7a3707fc2c36d4ce059767f8da79f19e3eb7973c6a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["Moist"]},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:76e8f1a2a28a03a378e6b3a7abd80008f2960da8fc0206ad7a4f5c9d9750739a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["Perennial","Woody"]},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:7fb90525d7d1993d2132c2c2943c6286359be257fe09fde3c97c2100b089ed3f","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":{"max":60,"min":30,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:833109777c00bce41eeaeac8701f4a02b9655e67ecc569557a979b2e4b0e0247","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"leaf_habit","original_field":"leaf_habit","record_id":"trait:937194ecd4bde99f239dce7a0ef897eb13e81777ce5e04bdc8cb15ce1809d7a2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["Deciduous"]},{"expected_source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:f32e2a62a1abfd7add798d1d382b6611b90ee5492a09277ebf6d30476f0ce671","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:41.442743+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","source_sha256":"1f5724e25f97aa8b8dc21155a70a4dc743a2ff88707e64dbc376d2fa31241098","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/catalpa-bignonioides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","value":["Purple/Lavender","White"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Purple/Lavender","White"],"hardiness_zones":["5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"height_description":"30–60 feet","leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Perennial","Woody"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Alkaline (>8.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"spread_description":"20–40 feet"}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":49188,"values":{"bloom_season":"Mid Spring","flower_color":"White","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Summer","fruit_season_end":"Summer","growth_architecture":"Single Crown","growth_rate":"Rapid","height_ft":66,"leaf_retention":"No"}},"ut_smart_yards":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","modified":"2016-02-29T18:54:27+00:00","page_id":"11652","scope":"Published Tennessee growing guidance; exact cached scientific heading","source_label":"Tennessee Smart Yards","source_url":"https://tynnativeplants.wordpress.com/trees/scientific-name/southern-catalpa-cigar-tree-indian-bean/","values":{"light":["Full to part sun"],"moisture_categories":["moderately wet to moderately dry"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2952"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:I L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to Kentucky (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Catalpa bignonioides","taxon_id":"taxon:4976fdef-a899-5d21-8ff5-bf559fa20f7d","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-374733209","src":"/api/photos/image/ed8f4a2081dbb75abb1e0e7f1c2a5b77b579fe7fe8ab00e7bb6a1263931d4298.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Catalpa bignonioides — flower photograph","width":500,"height":333,"artist":"(c) Melissa McMasters, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/374733209","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}