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sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 56 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":74,"state":"KY"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Carya glabra","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Carya glabra","source_record_id":599,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"In a very wide variety of forests and woodlands."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"S. New Hampshire west to s. Michigan, se. Iowa, and se. Kansas, south to s. peninsular Florida and e. Texas."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr-May; Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, Fl2, GW2, K1, NY, RAB, Tat, Tn, Va, WH3; = Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet var. glabra — W; Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet — Ar, Can, FNA3, K4, Mi, Mo3, NE, Pa; > Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet var. glabra — F, G, Il, NS, POWO; > Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet var. megacarpa (Sarg.) Sarg. — F, G, Il, NS, POWO; > Carya leiodermis Sarg. — Tx; > Carya ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. var. hirsuta (Ashe) Sarg. — F, NS; > Carya porcina (F.Michx.) Nutt. ex Elliott; > Hicoria austrina Small — S; > Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Sweet — S13; > Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Britton var. glabra — S; > Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Britton var. hirsuta W.W. Ashe — S; > Hicoria villosa (Sarg.) Ashe — S13]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"The C. glabra-C. ovalis portion of this treatment is tentative; in our area, this group has been variously treated as consisting of between 1 and 10 (or more) taxa. Here we recognize two species ( C. glabra and C. ovalis ) and no varieties, but further study of variation in this group is needed. Var. megacarpa in particular seems to show correlation of morphological traits and geographic distribution, with larger fruits (2.5-5 cm long vs. 1.5-3.5 cm long), thicker husks (ca. 3.5 mm thick vs. ca. 2 mm thick), large terminal leaflets (often to 20-25 cm long, vs. 10-17 cm long), and a primarily southern Coastal Plain distribution."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":5},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACU"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":599,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"5,6+","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"to","Attr14":"Bl14,Bl24,Bl9,BlC","Attr15":"lh,wh","Attr16":"pel,stel","Attr17":"nd","Attr18":"nd","Attr19":"br,gr,nd,ye","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"n","Attr21":"DSN","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_mt:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_sc_mt:y,native_sc_pd:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_mt:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 3-6","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"com"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"The C. glabra-C. ovalis portion of this treatment is tentative; in our area, this group has been variously treated as consisting of between 1 and 10 (or more) taxa. Here we recognize two species ( C. glabra and C. ovalis ) and no varieties, but further study of variation in this group is needed. Var. megacarpa in particular seems to show correlation of morphological traits and geographic distribution, with larger fruits (2.5-5 cm long vs. 1.5-3.5 cm long), thicker husks (ca. 3.5 mm thick vs. ca. 2 mm thick), large terminal leaflets (often to 20-25 cm long, vs. 10-17 cm long), and a primarily southern Coastal Plain distribution.","geographic_range_description":"S. New Hampshire west to s. Michigan, se. Iowa, and se. Kansas, south to s. peninsular Florida and e. 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Sweet var. glabra — W; Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet — Ar, Can, FNA3, K4, Mi, Mo3, NE, Pa; > Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet var. glabra — F, G, Il, NS, POWO; > Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet var. megacarpa (Sarg.) Sarg. — F, G, Il, NS, POWO; > Carya leiodermis Sarg. — Tx; > Carya ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. var. hirsuta (Ashe) Sarg. — F, NS; > Carya porcina (F.Michx.) Nutt. ex Elliott; > Hicoria austrina Small — S; > Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Sweet — S13; > Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Britton var. glabra — S; > Hicoria glabra (Mill.) Britton var. hirsuta W.W. Ashe — S; > Hicoria villosa (Sarg.) Ashe — S13]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Carya glabra","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:32:35.299281+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"2aa4419b708fc97d0c3773749e103b050ab034066cd2838bbf3d1f508d118f7e","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/carya-glabra/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Carya glabra","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:5c47d9e422b42beac0e33f289591a7cc5b28150693f1fbe9bc7d227db2f58099","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:35.299281+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Carya glabra","source_sha256":"2aa4419b708fc97d0c3773749e103b050ab034066cd2838bbf3d1f508d118f7e","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/carya-glabra/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:6f73ae92-22f3-5fd9-a930-5405f5186746","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Carya glabra","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:764f162a885c12225fb0bd195273b51a1ae90dab7353bb44e61981623e71a2fc","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:32:35.299281+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; 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local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":70594,"values":{"bloom_season":"Mid Spring","flower_color":"Yellow","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Summer","fruit_season_end":"Fall","growth_architecture":"Single Stem","growth_rate":"Slow","height_ft":80,"leaf_retention":"No"}},"ut_smart_yards":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Carya glabra","modified":"2015-02-24T18:46:26+00:00","page_id":"10262","scope":"Published Tennessee growing guidance; exact cached scientific heading","source_label":"Tennessee Smart Yards","source_url":"https://tynnativeplants.wordpress.com/trees/scientific-name/pignut-hickory/","values":{"light":["Full to part sun"],"moisture_categories":["moderately wet to moderately dry"]}},"virginia_coastal":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Carya glabra","page":2,"retrieved":"2026-09-30T18:00:37.533960+00:00","row_top":787.7202,"scope":"Virginia regional planting chart; sunlight is a minimum requirement, moisture is low/moderate/high","source_label":"Virginia DCR Coastal Plain","source_sha256":"c7dc029781c9ba41743547b5b3234bbe1c4c027e3137534abdc4b4fe2cf39612","source_url":"https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/cp-nat-plants.pdf","values":{"light":["Shade (minimum requirement)","Partial sun (minimum requirement)"],"moisture_categories":["Low"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carya glabra","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2400"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carya glabra","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Carya glabra","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to Kentucky (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Carya glabra","taxon_id":"taxon:6f73ae92-22f3-5fd9-a930-5405f5186746","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"recovery-pmc-carya-glabra-154c","src":"/api/photos/image/ad344ff6bec3c04e2c3a456af3ea4467be89f956ccc7b4be4311b031f9256104.jpg","view":"leaf","alt":"Carya glabra — leaf photograph","width":736,"height":542,"artist":"Nathan Howell; Howell, Krings and Braham (2016)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4911545/#F2417005","changes":"Original published individual photograph panel; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding"},{"id":"recovery-pmc-carya-glabra-154d","src":"/api/photos/image/5f289568f2051344eb9321fab828121d8cb90740932ff7a2a47c9582132db52e.jpg","view":"fruit","alt":"Carya glabra — fruit photograph","width":796,"height":598,"artist":"Nathan Howell; Howell, Krings and Braham (2016)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4911545/#F2417006","changes":"Original published individual photograph panel; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding"}]}