{"assessment":{"band":"Severe harm","fit_score":null,"harm":null,"harm_source":null,"invasive_evidence":[{"category":"2013 category 2","rank":2,"scientific_name":"Bromus tectorum","state":"KY","url":"https://www.se-eppc.org/ky/KYEPPC_2013list.pdf"}],"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Listed invasive in Kentucky; do not plant. Uses the shared severity scale applied to the sourced state invasive category.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Kentucky percentile","score":-55,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":true,"invasive_rank":"2","native":false,"state_rank":"SNA"},"severity_basis":"shared_rank","severity_mapping":"Source Severe/Significant Threat category mapped to the identically named shared severity category; not an ecological effect-size equivalence","status":"scored_invasive","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:47ffc48421e01ef81330f5d513c1fc520cfbe35126122666630d236d3a53096f","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora 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tectorum","source_refs":["KY-county-21005.json","KY-county-21009.json","KY-county-21023.json","KY-county-21027.json","KY-county-21037.json","KY-county-21043.json","KY-county-21047.json","KY-county-21049.json","KY-county-21065.json","KY-county-21067.json","KY-county-21069.json","KY-county-21073.json","KY-county-21075.json","KY-county-21079.json","KY-county-21081.json","KY-county-21085.json","KY-county-21093.json","KY-county-21097.json","KY-county-21099.json","KY-county-21101.json","KY-county-21103.json","KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21113.json","KY-county-21121.json","KY-county-21131.json","KY-county-21137.json","KY-county-21141.json","KY-county-21143.json","KY-county-21145.json","KY-county-21147.json","KY-county-21151.json","KY-county-21167.json","KY-county-21175.json","KY-county-21177.json","KY-county-21179.json","KY-county-21183.json","KY-county-21191.json","KY-county-21195.json","KY-county-21205.json","KY-county-21219.json","KY-county-21221.json","KY-county-21223.json","KY-county-21227.json","KY-county-21235.json","ky_invasive","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2459","state_rank":"SNA"},"source_refs":["KY-county-21005.json","KY-county-21009.json","KY-county-21023.json","KY-county-21027.json","KY-county-21037.json","KY-county-21043.json","KY-county-21047.json","KY-county-21049.json","KY-county-21065.json","KY-county-21067.json","KY-county-21069.json","KY-county-21073.json","KY-county-21075.json","KY-county-21079.json","KY-county-21081.json","KY-county-21085.json","KY-county-21093.json","KY-county-21097.json","KY-county-21099.json","KY-county-21101.json","KY-county-21103.json","KY-county-21111.json","KY-county-21113.json","KY-county-21121.json","KY-county-21131.json","KY-county-21137.json","KY-county-21141.json","KY-county-21143.json","KY-county-21145.json","KY-county-21147.json","KY-county-21151.json","KY-county-21167.json","KY-county-21175.json","KY-county-21177.json","KY-county-21179.json","KY-county-21183.json","KY-county-21191.json","KY-county-21195.json","KY-county-21205.json","KY-county-21219.json","KY-county-21221.json","KY-county-21223.json","KY-county-21227.json","KY-county-21235.json","ky_invasive","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2459","state_rank":{"value":"SNA"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"light":"FloraQuest: 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sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":true,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":-55,"state":"KY"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Bromus tectorum","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Bromus tectorum","source_record_id":1832,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Disturbed areas."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of Europe."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apr-Jun."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, Can, ETx1, F, FlGr, FNA24, G, HC, Il, K1, K4, Mi, NE, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WV, Pavlick (1995), Tucker (1996); ? Bromus tectorum L. ssp. tectorum — Sales (1993), Sales (1994); > Bromus tectorum L. var. glabratus Spenn. — NS; > Bromus tectorum L. var. hirsutus Regel — NS; > Bromus tectorum L. var. tectorum — Mo1, NcTx, NS]"},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"Organism","value":8},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1832,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr03","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"a","Attr11":"p","Attr12":"me","Attr13":"3Bw7","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_mt:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"h","Attr6":"le,mo","Attr7":"l","Attr8":"mo","Attr9":"p"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"Native of Europe.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr03","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr10":"a","Attr11":"p","Attr12":"me","Attr13":"3Bw7","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_mt:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"h","Attr6":"le,mo","Attr7":"l","Attr8":"mo","Attr9":"p"},"habitat_description":"Disturbed areas.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":8,"phenology_source_text":"Apr-Jun.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, C, Can, ETx1, F, FlGr, FNA24, G, HC, Il, K1, K4, Mi, NE, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Tx, Va, W, WV, Pavlick (1995), Tucker (1996); ? Bromus tectorum L. ssp. tectorum — Sales (1993), Sales (1994); > Bromus tectorum L. var. glabratus Spenn. — NS; > Bromus tectorum L. var. hirsutus Regel — NS; > Bromus tectorum L. var. tectorum — Mo1, NcTx, NS]"}},"forest_service":{"identity_basis":"Exact existing catalog or state-source name","matched_name":"Bromus tectorum","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:42:23.555197+00:00","scope":"Source botanical description; original units and scope retained","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"Fire Effects Information System: Bromus tectorum","source_sha256":"da6b19adc91ff4ec449c2d7f544be0a992cc3903acb10b25191b06587944a31d","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/brotec","trait_evidence":[{"catalog_id":"nc:bromus-tectorum","field":"height_description","height_description":"In contrast, where moisture, fertility or light intensity are not limiting, cheatgrass plants may produce 12-15 culms, 20 to 30 inches (50-75 cm) tall, bearing hundreds of spikelets [307,438].","life_stage":"general_botanical_description","matched_name":"Bromus tectorum","paragraph_sha256":"6203517b79a6d459b89a2154b3776f70b28953ae4b3d3a14d710c22dcae75bc1","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:42:23.555197+00:00","review_status":"reviewed","source_quote":"Cheatgrass is morphologically and phenotypically variable [207,235,272,319]. A common garden experiment by Hulbert [207] demonstrated the existence of several distinct ecotypes with differences in winter hardiness, phenology, height of culms, pubescence on lemmas, openness of panicles, and dorsal compression of florets. Cheatgrass exhibits considerable plasticity in its response to variation in site conditions. It may produce a single culm 1 to 4 inches (2.5-10 cm) tall and bearing only 1 spikelet when growing in a very dense monospecific stand, or on an infertile, droughty site. In contrast, where moisture, fertility or light intensity are not limiting, cheatgrass plants may produce 12-15 culms, 20 to 30 inches (50-75 cm) tall, bearing hundreds of spikelets [307,438].","source_section":"Bromus tectorum, cheatgrass / Botanical Description","source_sha256":"da6b19adc91ff4ec449c2d7f544be0a992cc3903acb10b25191b06587944a31d","source_title":"Fire Effects Information System: Bromus tectorum","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/brotec"}],"values":{"height_description":"In contrast, where moisture, fertility or light intensity are not limiting, cheatgrass plants may produce 12-15 culms, 20 to 30 inches (50-75 cm) tall, bearing hundreds of spikelets [307,438]."}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Bromus tectorum","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/2459"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Bromus tectorum","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:I CAN:I GL:I HI:I L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"KY","source":"ky_invasive","url":"https://www.se-eppc.org/ky/KYEPPC_2013list.pdf"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to Kentucky","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Bromus tectorum","taxon_id":"taxon:7755837a-dfd4-52ce-94cd-86663cd38c07","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-672602500","src":"/api/photos/image/a58f32b6976666ad47181636be78104191b96d25dee13f29fd37b60b1c68eb99.jpg","view":"fruit","alt":"Bromus tectorum — fruit photograph","width":375,"height":500,"artist":"(c) Sam Kieschnick, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/672602500","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}