{"assessment":{"band":"Severe harm","fit_score":null,"harm":null,"harm_source":"https://ncwildflower.org/invasive-exotic-species-list/","invasive_evidence":[{"category":"2013 category 2","rank":2,"scientific_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","state":"KY","url":"https://www.se-eppc.org/ky/KYEPPC_2013list.pdf"}],"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Listed invasive in Kentucky; do not plant. Uses the shared species harm profile established from NC evidence; not a state agency severity rating.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Kentucky percentile","score":-85,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":true,"invasive_rank":"1","native":false,"state_rank":"SNA"},"severity_basis":"shared_rank","severity_mapping":"Existing shared species harm profile from NC source","status":"scored_invasive","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:6d57d82f017f1ca6e8797966dfa34df09bfc5741f54ae57eacdc2e9a164585ff","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:d48ebe328f82e5ca09154c21a7cd95b044928eb23d42bc9c38f05a2df7a99058","levels":[3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"listed"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["21035","21143","21157","21221"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["21035","21143","21157","21221"],"growth_habit":"forb","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":true,"invasive_evidence":[{"category":"2013 category 2","rank":2,"scientific_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","state":"KY","url":"https://www.se-eppc.org/ky/KYEPPC_2013list.pdf"}],"invasive_rank":2,"native":false,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/459"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:I PR:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"KY","source":"ky_invasive","url":"https://www.se-eppc.org/ky/KYEPPC_2013list.pdf"}],"native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["tnky:459"],"source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","source_refs":["KY-county-21035.json","KY-county-21143.json","KY-county-21157.json","KY-county-21221.json","ky_invasive","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/459","state_rank":"SNA"},"source_refs":["KY-county-21035.json","KY-county-21143.json","KY-county-21157.json","KY-county-21221.json","ky_invasive","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/459","state_rank":{"value":"SNA"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,4],"ph":[4.8,8.8]},"fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"USDA PLANTS"},"fit_record":{"band":"Severe harm","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:6d57d82f017f1ca6e8797966dfa34df09bfc5741f54ae57eacdc2e9a164585ff","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:d48ebe328f82e5ca09154c21a7cd95b044928eb23d42bc9c38f05a2df7a99058","levels":[3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13031","13051","13065","13075","13087","13103","13185","13251","21035","21143","21157","21221","45003","45013","45015","45017","45019","45027","45029","45031","45035","45043","45049","45053","45063","45069","45075","45085","45089","47005","47037","47065","47071","47079","47083","47085","47093","47115","47121","47135","47143","47149","47157","47161"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,4],"ph":[4.8,8.8]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. 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These plant species are considered to be more drought tolerant than the species that are frequently found in the low areas with fine textured soil.","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ALPH","trait_id":"R133-PK288756034","trait_label":"drought tolerance","value":"low tolerance"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/586920","field":"moisture_use","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ALPH","trait_id":"R133-PK288767724","trait_label":"moisture use","value":"high"},{"citation":"The PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service. http://plants.usda.gov/","eol_page":"https://eol.org/pages/586920","field":"shade_tolerance","method":"","source_url":"http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ALPH","trait_id":"R133-PK288786708","trait_label":"shade tolerance","value":"medium (normal)"}],"values":{"drought_tolerance":"low tolerance","moisture_use":"high","shade_tolerance":"medium (normal)"}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","source_record_id":4323,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4323,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Floating in mats on the surface of the waters of blackwater rivers, sloughs, ditches, ponds, and in very moist soil of ditches and shores."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4323,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of South America. This plant is a serious weed of natural areas. Reported for s. Indiana by Namestnik, Pilla, & Thomas (2025)."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4323,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Mar-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4323,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, FNA4, Il, K1, K4, NcTx, NS, Ok, POWO, RAB, S13, Tn, Tx, Va, WH3; = Achyranthes philoxeroides (Mart.) 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This plant is a serious weed of natural areas. Reported for s. 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distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","source_sha256":"1625217749eabe7ba0b196df4edc128a743472ff41198461f2bce54240607cc0","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:ab56a7a5-ef8d-5dbb-8fff-026225593872","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:63d68efbbdc67a2ab881293d6a194e038dffbb758530d628839753101185a9d9","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:45.870400+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","source_sha256":"1625217749eabe7ba0b196df4edc128a743472ff41198461f2bce54240607cc0","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:ab56a7a5-ef8d-5dbb-8fff-026225593872","value":["7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:74f4ed01f9887793a304d7f81bfbbb55695c5c6b0d7677d669179723b0d20377","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:45.870400+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","source_sha256":"1625217749eabe7ba0b196df4edc128a743472ff41198461f2bce54240607cc0","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:ab56a7a5-ef8d-5dbb-8fff-026225593872","value":["Frequent Standing Water","Moist","Occasionally Wet"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:8935c11be0537b6ae18475d8d57606421df3963084f42db400287e93d8008a5f","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:45.870400+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","source_sha256":"1625217749eabe7ba0b196df4edc128a743472ff41198461f2bce54240607cc0","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alternanthera-philoxeroides/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:ab56a7a5-ef8d-5dbb-8fff-026225593872","value":["Perennial"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["White"],"hardiness_zones":["7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b"],"life_cycle":["Perennial"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Frequent Standing Water","Moist","Occasionally Wet"]}},"usda":{"matched_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","retrieved":"2026-09-24","scope":"Nationwide species characteristics; local growing conditions may vary","source_label":"USDA PLANTS","source_url":"https://plants.usda.gov/","usda_id":55699,"values":{"bloom_season":"Early Spring","flower_color":"White","foliage_color":"Green","fruit_season_begin":"Spring","fruit_season_end":"Summer","growth_architecture":"Stoloniferous","growth_rate":"Rapid","height_ft":0.2,"leaf_retention":"No"}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/459"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:I PR:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"KY","source":"ky_invasive","url":"https://www.se-eppc.org/ky/KYEPPC_2013list.pdf"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to Kentucky","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Alternanthera philoxeroides","taxon_id":"taxon:ab56a7a5-ef8d-5dbb-8fff-026225593872","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"alternanthera-philoxeroides-1362822","src":"/api/photos/image/e942519a4ea52cf858bd21967cb5204389e6b0a8cd8e1875e44b35c50c92efdd.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Alternanthera philoxeroides — flower photograph","width":960,"height":561,"artist":"National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.","license":"Public domain","license_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Public_domain","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alternanthera_philoxeroides_NRCS-1.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"},{"id":"recovery-pmc-alternanthera-philoxeroides-104f","src":"/api/photos/image/ed472ca1596d477cd70d05fe11374d91ff63f4f8b7d0a1af73f514b26fe90b01.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Alternanthera philoxeroides — bloom photograph","width":800,"height":1200,"artist":"Alexander Krings; Howell, Krings and Braham (2016)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4911545/#F2488431","changes":"Original published individual photograph panel; no crop, retouching, or re-encoding"}]}