{"assessment":{"band":"Not native","fit_score":null,"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Reported non-native to Georgia.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Georgia percentile","score":null,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"state_rank":""},"status":"not_native","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:c30570c72fe1b344ef3baadcf8825564e4b094b841bb99217e5ef864b9cb08ca","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:20ef599d80633ab703fe3d10da354af28a165913148ebd4cb7092d1910a20000","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":["Forb/herb"],"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["13059"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["13059"],"growth_habit":"forb","growth_habit_source":"tnky_atlas","invasive":null,"invasive_evidence":[],"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Viola arvensis","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1375"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Viola arvensis","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:W GL:W L48:I SPM:W","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["sernec:49933"],"source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_refs":["GA-checklist-9.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=9&clid=3416&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["GA-checklist-9.html","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=9&clid=3416&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"fit_record":{"band":"Not native","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:c30570c72fe1b344ef3baadcf8825564e4b094b841bb99217e5ef864b9cb08ca","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:20ef599d80633ab703fe3d10da354af28a165913148ebd4cb7092d1910a20000","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[3,3],"scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"moisture_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13059","21015","21037","21041","21049","21067","21077","21079","21105","21111","21113","21117","21129","21139","21151","45021","45033","45045","45047","45075","45091","47015","47037","47051","47053","47065","47093","47099","47115","47119","47125","47145","47149","47165","47171","47187"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":null,"state":"GA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Viola arvensis","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_record_id":3599,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Roadsides, fields, other disturbed habitats."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of Europe, widely introduced."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Chasmogamous flower Mar–Jul (-Aug); cleistogamous fruit May-Jun (-Aug)."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= C, Can, F, FNA6, G, GrPl, Il, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NE, NS, Pa, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WV, Ballard () (in prep), Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023), McKinney & Russell (2002); > Viola arvensis J. Murray ssp. arvensis — POWO]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Apparently does hybridize rarely with V. tricolor (Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino 2023)."},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":"This species is easily distinguished from V. rafinesquei by the petals nearly or fully surpassed by the sepals (the latter often largely concealing the mature capsule), the cream-white corolla (which is rare in the latter), and pinnatifid stipules with the terminal leaf-like lobe much larger and broader than the lateral lobes and having 4 or more crenations per side. It differs from V. tricolor by the pinnately divided stipules, sepals nearly equaling to fully surpassing the petals, and the cream-colored petals."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"Organism","value":8},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":3599,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"bil","Attr15":"ye","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSS","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 2-8","Attr5":"er","Attr6":"pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"l,s","Attr9":"in,nr,wi"}}],"values":{"botanical_comments":"Apparently does hybridize rarely with V. tricolor (Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino 2023).","geographic_range_description":"Native of Europe, widely introduced.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"bil","Attr15":"ye","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSS","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 2-8","Attr5":"er","Attr6":"pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"l,s","Attr9":"in,nr,wi"},"habitat_description":"Roadsides, fields, other disturbed habitats.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"heliophily_index":8,"identification_notes":"This species is easily distinguished from V. rafinesquei by the petals nearly or fully surpassed by the sepals (the latter often largely concealing the mature capsule), the cream-white corolla (which is rare in the latter), and pinnatifid stipules with the terminal leaf-like lobe much larger and broader than the lateral lobes and having 4 or more crenations per side. It differs from V. tricolor by the pinnately divided stipules, sepals nearly equaling to fully surpassing the petals, and the cream-colored petals.","phenology_source_text":"Chasmogamous flower Mar–Jul (-Aug); cleistogamous fruit May-Jun (-Aug).","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= C, Can, F, FNA6, G, GrPl, Il, K1, K4, Mi, Mo3, NE, NS, Pa, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tn, Va, W, WV, Ballard () (in prep), Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino (2023), McKinney & Russell (2002); > Viola arvensis J. Murray ssp. arvensis — POWO]"}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Viola arvensis","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Viola arvensis","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:1ff5332ce07c4f470b632ba46790d2936ef14acbbb60101da8a85df1fc72f6a2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","value":["Annual","Perennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Viola arvensis","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:2621f2b7ff64ab89a5521907bcc880face84535bff1a2f3c27728fef4593d2c2","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Viola arvensis","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:a68e37f33ff52f75ebbd7a0ccb320d813cf92920de8137788869aba3191b2db6","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","value":["Gold/Yellow","Purple/Lavender","White"]},{"expected_source_name":"Viola arvensis","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:bcc2479ec5105782d570a3642147bca86fde08d82f9189848183ccd4dc16fb78","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","value":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Viola arvensis","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:f4fb3b8de9eb418f235ab7572986483d7c401c2bf2a8686314d5123e7de567e0","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","value":["6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Viola arvensis","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:f564ae396f635c0c54760568bb686bd22024bcadc41867c4bcd8a775b8d7c37a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:48:06.686228+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Viola arvensis","source_sha256":"6ac871484b8a6c8446870f9d75532ad10f05cd4e7a99cca44a0267c7ffdba3e3","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-arvensis/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","value":["Moist"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Gold/Yellow","Purple/Lavender","White"],"hardiness_zones":["6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b"],"life_cycle":["Annual","Perennial"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Viola arvensis","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1375"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Viola arvensis","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"CAN:W GL:W L48:I SPM:W","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to Georgia","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Viola arvensis","taxon_id":"taxon:99988b64-db29-5bd2-9a8f-ec53f553cf81","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-367854665","src":"/api/photos/image/6107894c09c61de1834923458eea49398de1df892c37824bcb8678e25bc46e01.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Viola arvensis — flower photograph","width":500,"height":333,"artist":"(c) Petr Harant, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/367854665","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}