{"assessment":{"band":"Keystone","factor_identity":{"basis":"approved shared identity","growth_habit_source":"USDA PLANTS","name_used":"Rudbeckia hirta"},"factor_scopes":{"bees":"Southeastern North America","birds":"North America","caterpillars":"Host genera of native Lepidoptera with established Georgia range; association and range overlap, not confirmed local feeding.","specialists":"Eastern North America","structure":"USDA species growth habit where matched; otherwise sourced atlas growth habit"},"factors":{"applied_insect_credit":5,"baseline_score":75,"composite":0.815,"insect_support":{"credit":5,"groups":{"ants":{"credit":1,"flower_visits":[],"label":"Ants","recorded_name_count":1,"recorded_names":["Solenopsis invicta"],"seed_interactions":[{"animal":"Solenopsis invicta","country":"USA","dataset":"Penn & Crist 2018","doi":"10.1002/ece3.4377","outcomes":["pred"],"reference":{"First Author":"Vogt","Journal":"Journal of Entomological Science","Pages":"696-698","Reference ID (refid)":746,"Unique ID (id)":7815,"Volume":38,"Year":2003},"reference_id":746,"row_id":7815,"source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta","species_resolved":true}],"status":"recorded"},"beetles":{"credit":1,"flower_visits":[{"animal":"Acmaeodera pulchella","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"beetles","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Diabrotica 12-punctata","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"beetles","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Centrinus scutellum album","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"beetles","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. 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Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"}],"label":"Beetles","recorded_name_count":5,"recorded_names":["Acmaeodera pulchella","Centrinus scutellum album","Diabrotica 12-punctata","Mordella scutellaris","Typocerus sinuatus"],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"recorded"},"flies":{"credit":1,"flower_visits":[{"animal":"Archytas analis","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Zodion fulvifrons","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Helophilus latifrons","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Spallanzania hesperidarum","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Sphaerophoria cylindrica","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Trichophora ruficauda","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Scepsis fulvicollis","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Sapromyza vulgaris","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Eristalis latifrons","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Exoprosopa fascipennis","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Exoprosopa emarginata","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Exoprosopa decora","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Phthiria sulphurea","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Volucella fasciata","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. 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Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Phyciodes tharos","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"moths_butterflies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Plusia simplex","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"moths_butterflies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Limochores taumas","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"moths_butterflies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Thecla calanus","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"moths_butterflies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"}],"label":"Adult butterflies / moths","recorded_name_count":5,"recorded_names":["Argynnis cybele","Limochores taumas","Phyciodes tharos","Plusia simplex","Thecla calanus"],"seed_interactions":[],"status":"recorded"},"other_hymenoptera":{"credit":1,"flower_visits":[{"animal":"Leionotus arvensis","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"other_hymenoptera","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Sphex nigricans","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"other_hymenoptera","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Priononyx thomae","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"other_hymenoptera","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Rudbeckia hirta"},{"animal":"Stictiella pictifrons","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"other_hymenoptera","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. 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distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","source_sha256":"89ede8b928f1bd1ad7504ecad4d9231da4658c908cda4c91e3c07a8f9a380284","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RUHI2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:0edaac2f-f73e-50b2-94ed-4ccad91ecbf5","value":["Sun"]},{"expected_source_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:e57bea7a4521c969481c82370ccdc5f9d37569ff3ce0d82e8f755a26a87b08e1","retrieved_at":"2026-10-03T21:57:58.753126+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","source_sha256":"89ede8b928f1bd1ad7504ecad4d9231da4658c908cda4c91e3c07a8f9a380284","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RUHI2","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:0edaac2f-f73e-50b2-94ed-4ccad91ecbf5","value":{"approximate":true,"kind":"upper_bound","max":3,"unit":"feet"}}],"values":{"flower_color":["Yellow"],"height_description":"Up to about 3 feet","life_cycle":["Annual","Perennial","Biennial"],"light":["Sun"],"moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acidic (pH<6.8)"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"basis":"unanimous_direct_child_native_flags","claim":"native","matched_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","supporting_taxa":[{"atlas_id":683,"native_flag":"Y","scientific_name":"Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/683"},{"atlas_id":684,"native_flag":"Y","scientific_name":"Rudbeckia hirta var. hirta","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/684"}],"url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3931"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:I CAN:N L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to Georgia (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Rudbeckia hirta","taxon_id":"taxon:0edaac2f-f73e-50b2-94ed-4ccad91ecbf5","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"nc:rudbeckia-hirta","src":"/api/photos/image/7b03663cd8654114825510764f126e93485a688c358e2b29ead7e5b958872e3e.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Rudbeckia hirta — bloom photograph","width":960,"height":686,"artist":"Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rudbeckia_hirta_kz03.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"},{"id":"rudbeckia-hirta-113166471","src":"/api/photos/image/814f0bf6df4f3e8f6cdd19a2003ade8042803b801cf27e7af6e72ba79e60fe91.jpeg","view":"leaf","alt":"Rudbeckia hirta — leaf photograph","width":960,"height":720,"artist":"Annika Lindqvist","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rudbeckia_hirta_leaf_(11).jpeg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"}]}