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Robertson.","source_plant":"Parthenium integrifolium"},{"animal":"Lucilia sylvarum","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.","source_plant":"Parthenium integrifolium"},{"animal":"Cistogaster occidua","dataset":"Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror","group":"flies","interaction":"flower_visit","location":"Carlinville, Illinois, USA","pollination_confirmed":false,"reference":"Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. 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distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","source_sha256":"ed958eaca1e2176a7a8a80d2c63fa2b108e080c5a6d9d4ef93a47f625c39a455","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/parthenium-integrifolium/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:9762964b-2552-53aa-837a-f176a3e56353","value":{"max":4,"min":2,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:d9f00ad871bbe66ec312f00a431948cf42856224598c7ab01e1ccf719e6a0b5a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:40:59.092706+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","source_sha256":"ed958eaca1e2176a7a8a80d2c63fa2b108e080c5a6d9d4ef93a47f625c39a455","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/parthenium-integrifolium/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:9762964b-2552-53aa-837a-f176a3e56353","value":["Moist","Occasionally Dry"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["White"],"hardiness_zones":["4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b"],"height_description":"2–4 feet","life_cycle":["Perennial"],"light":["Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Dry"],"soil_ph_categories":["Alkaline (>8.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"],"spread_description":"1–2 feet"}},"prairie_moon_2026":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","page":8,"retrieved":"2026-09-30T18:00:34.396046+00:00","row_top":314.375,"scope":"Nursery cultural guide; height in flower; moisture categories retained as printed","source_label":"Prairie Moon 2026 Cultural Guide","source_sha256":"a0653d627b36184cd6bdd39aaea55efe2c15be3899976de28f978edc07a23cf1","source_url":"https://www.prairiemoon.com/catalogs/Prairie-Moon-Nursery-Cultural-Guide-2026.pdf","values":{"bloom_season":["June","July","August","September"],"flower_color":["White"],"height_description":"4 feet (in flower)","light":["Full sun (6+ hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Wet-mesic","Mesic","Dry-mesic"]}},"ut_smart_yards":{"identity_basis":"Exact scientific name; no new synonym guesses","matched_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","modified":"2014-12-19T19:20:00+00:00","page_id":"4952","scope":"Published Tennessee growing guidance; exact cached scientific heading","source_label":"Tennessee Smart Yards","source_url":"https://tynnativeplants.wordpress.com/flowers/common-name/wild-quinine/","values":{"height_description":"2-4 ft","light":["Full sun"],"moisture_categories":["moderately wet to moderately dry"]}}},"light_range":["full sun","full sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"basis":"unanimous_direct_child_native_flags","claim":"native","matched_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","supporting_taxa":[{"atlas_id":3476,"native_flag":"Y","scientific_name":"Parthenium integrifolium var. integrifolium","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3476"}],"url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3880"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"L48:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Native to Georgia (estimated from combined sources)","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"native_inferred"},"source_name":"Parthenium integrifolium","taxon_id":"taxon:9762964b-2552-53aa-837a-f176a3e56353","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"parthenium-integrifolium-94209527","src":"/api/photos/image/3cec4512264d5e2898565fcf183f2ccecc91dd632f500edcd6b0f9ef9735c3df.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Parthenium integrifolium — bloom photograph","width":960,"height":720,"artist":"Peterwchen","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Parthenium_integrifolium-flowering.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"}]}