{"assessment":{"band":"Harmful","fit_score":null,"harm":null,"harm_source":"https://ncwildflower.org/invasive-exotic-species-list/","invasive_evidence":[{"category":"listed_invasive","rank":null,"scientific_name":"Commelina benghalensis","state":"GA","url":"https://gainvasivespeciescouncil.org/list/invasive-plants/"}],"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Listed invasive in Georgia; do not plant. Uses the shared species harm profile established from NC evidence; not a state agency severity rating.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Georgia percentile","score":-15,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":true,"invasive_rank":"A","native":false,"state_rank":""},"severity_basis":"shared_rank","severity_mapping":"Existing shared species harm profile from NC source","status":"scored_invasive","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:08c0f0e29c7928e563a9f7e9ca341d721365d0424668ee51242ef713c2a6a68c","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:57e24f1f2976c709f2993632f51c62fb25c6b0cb0f8e20cfa910c54a39bbd8ad","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":null,"invasive_status":{"status":"listed"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["13027","13051","13305"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; not a county native-range assertion"},"quercus_score":null,"regional":{"county_fips":["13027","13051","13305"],"growth_habit":null,"growth_habit_source":null,"invasive":true,"invasive_evidence":[{"category":"listed_invasive","rank":null,"scientific_name":"Commelina benghalensis","state":"GA","url":"https://gainvasivespeciescouncil.org/list/invasive-plants/"}],"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"native_evidence":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Commelina benghalensis","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"HI:I L48:I PB:I PR:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"GA","source":"ga_invasive","url":"https://gainvasivespeciescouncil.org/list/invasive-plants/"}],"native_status":"not_native","source_ids":["sernec:78709"],"source_name":"Commelina benghalensis","source_refs":["GA-checklist-3.html","ga_invasive","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=3&clid=3416&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":null},"source_refs":["GA-checklist-3.html","ga_invasive","sernec_county"],"source_url":"https://sernecportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?pagenumber=3&clid=3416&dynclid=0&pid=84&searchsynonyms=1","state_rank":{"value":null}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Harmful","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:08c0f0e29c7928e563a9f7e9ca341d721365d0424668ee51242ef713c2a6a68c","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:57e24f1f2976c709f2993632f51c62fb25c6b0cb0f8e20cfa910c54a39bbd8ad","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-1","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["13027","13051","13305"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[0,4],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"invasive_rank":true,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":-15,"state":"GA"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed"},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Commelina benghalensis","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Commelina benghalensis","source_record_id":996,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Fields."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of tropical s. 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Spot infestations have been reported in North Carolina (Wayne County), South Carolina (Beaufort, Dorchester, Edgefield, Orangeburg, Pickens counties), Alabama (Barger et al. 2012), and Mississippi as well."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= FNA22, K1, K4, NS, POWO, WH3, Faden (1993); = n/a — C, RAB]"},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"Organism","value":"\"This annual species can be recognized by: its funnelform spathes that are often clustered; relatively broad leaves that frequently have red hairs at the summit of the sheath; and cleistogamous flowers that are borne at the base of the plant and are usually subterranean (in addition to normal, aerial, chasmogamous flowers)\" (Faden 1993)."},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":996,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr07","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,","Attr10":"7L05,7L10,7L15","Attr11":"7W2cm,7W3mm,7W5cm,7W7.5mm","Attr12":"ca","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,","Attr4":" 3-11","Attr5":"7H02,7H03,7H06,7H15","Attr6":"cc,spt","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"bl","Attr9":"n"}}],"values":{"geographic_range_description":"Native of tropical s. Asia and becoming a serious weed. This annual, pantropical weed is well established in Florida and s. Georgia (Faden 1993). Spot infestations have been reported in North Carolina (Wayne County), South Carolina (Beaufort, Dorchester, Edgefield, Orangeburg, Pickens counties), Alabama (Barger et al. 2012), and Mississippi as well.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr07","Attr1":"nc_cp,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,","Attr10":"7L05,7L10,7L15","Attr11":"7W2cm,7W3mm,7W5cm,7W7.5mm","Attr12":"ca","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,","Attr4":" 3-11","Attr5":"7H02,7H03,7H06,7H15","Attr6":"cc,spt","Attr7":"y","Attr8":"bl","Attr9":"n"},"habitat_description":"Fields.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"identification_notes":"\"This annual species can be recognized by: its funnelform spathes that are often clustered; relatively broad leaves that frequently have red hairs at the summit of the sheath; and cleistogamous flowers that are borne at the base of the plant and are usually subterranean (in addition to normal, aerial, chasmogamous flowers)\" (Faden 1993).","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= FNA22, K1, K4, NS, POWO, WH3, Faden (1993); = n/a — C, RAB]"}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Commelina benghalensis","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"HI:I L48:I PB:I PR:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"introduced","scope":"GA","source":"ga_invasive","url":"https://gainvasivespeciescouncil.org/list/invasive-plants/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to Georgia","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Commelina benghalensis","taxon_id":"taxon:514408c4-9aab-57aa-988e-2da8c2137f87","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"commelina-benghalensis-2430826","src":"/api/photos/image/cefcaf1ec6bfa742e1eb7c178ef43ba9e786b836caa3ba956cbd18afb275c6fd.jpg","view":"bloom","alt":"Commelina benghalensis — bloom photograph","width":960,"height":638,"artist":"Herb Pilcher, USDA ARS","license":"Public domain","license_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Public_domain","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ARS_-_Commelina_benghalensis.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching"}]}