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Asia. This species has become a noxious weed in ne. United States, invading undisturbed moist forests. Fernald (1950) describes it as \"roadsides, open woods, and near habitations, local\". Dhillion & Anderson (1999) report on physiological characteristics that make Alliaria a successful invader in shaded situations.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr12":"s","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"4","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"DSS","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Shade,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_mt:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 3-7","Attr5":"er","Attr6":"glb,pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"in,wi"},"habitat_description":"Moist forests in bottomlands and on slopes.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"heliophily_index":4,"identification_notes":"The fresh plant smells strongly garlicky.","phenology_source_text":"Apr-Jun; May-Jun.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"FAC"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"FACU"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"FACU"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, BI, C, Can, FNA7, GrPl, Il, K1, K4, Mi, NE, NS, NY, Pa, POWO, RAB, Tn, Va, W, Al-Shehbaz (1988b), Rollins (1993); = Alliaria officinalis Andrz. ex DC. — F, G; = n/a — Tat]"}},"forest_service":{"identity_basis":"Exact existing catalog or state-source name","matched_name":"Alliaria petiolata","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:42:20.830636+00:00","scope":"Source botanical description; original units and scope retained","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"Fire Effects Information System: Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"9283abdd6f87d8c6c1d1fe5bdd24c0b6bada3d1dadad7e2214bc3aa8db800015","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/allpet","trait_evidence":[{"catalog_id":"nc:alliaria-petiolata","field":"height_description","height_description":"Mature plants produce erect flowering stems up to 4.13 feet (1.25 m) high [15].","life_stage":"general_botanical_description","matched_name":"Alliaria petiolata","paragraph_sha256":"750face134614f42a247ceaa52591a038a38438e464c4edde311888ee5fce316","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:42:20.830636+00:00","review_status":"reviewed","source_quote":"Seedlings develop into rosettes 0.8-4 inches (2-10 cm) in diameter during the 1st growing season. Mature plants produce erect flowering stems up to 4.13 feet (1.25 m) high [15]. Each rosette usually produces a single flowering stem, although multiple stems from a single rosette occur occasionally [41]. Flowers are borne in racemes, with fully expanded corollas 0.12-0.48 inches (3-12 mm) across [6,15,17,26,27,61,68,73,74,82,86]. Average plant biomass is quite variable within a habitat, between habitats, or between generations within the same habitat, and is strongly influenced by light. Plants grown under higher irradiance levels typically produce greater biomass per plant [3].","source_section":"Alliaria petiolata, garlic mustard / Botanical Description","source_sha256":"9283abdd6f87d8c6c1d1fe5bdd24c0b6bada3d1dadad7e2214bc3aa8db800015","source_title":"Fire Effects Information System: Alliaria petiolata","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/allpet"}],"values":{"height_description":"Mature plants produce erect flowering stems up to 4.13 feet (1.25 m) high [15]."}},"minnesota_wildflowers":{"matched_name":"Alliaria petiolata","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:30:43.119015+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Minnesota Wildflowers","source_sha256":"875cde6b3ab13770efa6b906c06d3c3755ebf78ad60091109116dc8e962cba30","source_url":"https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/garlic-mustard","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:06335cf26f10cb6a51a69f78831e4d3e688a56eba8732f53ecc402f6ad40ed9d","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:43.119015+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"minnesota","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"875cde6b3ab13770efa6b906c06d3c3755ebf78ad60091109116dc8e962cba30","source_url":"https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/garlic-mustard","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["biennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:a72dd557db061927af0c932c76031c8ae30d2904d8260f8b4b2f47ad6230eefd","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:43.119015+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"minnesota","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"875cde6b3ab13770efa6b906c06d3c3755ebf78ad60091109116dc8e962cba30","source_url":"https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/garlic-mustard","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":{"max":4,"min":1,"unit":"feet"}}],"values":{"height_description":"1–4 feet","life_cycle":["biennial"]}},"ncsu_sitemap":{"matched_name":"Alliaria petiolata","retrieved":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"hardiness_zones","original_field":"hardiness","record_id":"trait:5cb9d877de066cbfcb26147e9978b775b3fa41782128732e30b086990c35e003","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:5eb4e7b5638ad13f496204a71b093d82c3a7fcfd7e50cc76932c13dedfbd454f","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["Biennial"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"moisture_categories","original_field":"soil_moisture","record_id":"trait:7bc2f002a647a082bdb02cfdd9ba0d94b17734e045d152a2de6437eeacac2788","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["Moist","Occasionally Wet"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"light","original_field":"light","record_id":"trait:aba9292bc46800072c3306d87c3d8a5c6ad458036e679c63c69a6828e2f93c59","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:dc41c69024ea9ea65996b166ee3aa9410d853858632ede3629af64406048071f","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["White"]},{"expected_source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","field":"soil_ph_categories","original_field":"soil_ph","record_id":"trait:ff8f9bb8a62998b8a2b5e297e583a5b83f69e349868b2826d7b9be7b1a62e97a","retrieved_at":"2026-10-04T02:30:39.092395+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"ncsu","source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","source_sha256":"3fbb7d432479d6db01f20e5a9094120aa174fc928f06cf22647acee8158415c6","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/alliaria-petiolata/","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","value":["Acid (<6.0)","Alkaline (>8.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["White"],"hardiness_zones":["6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b"],"life_cycle":["Biennial"],"light":["Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist","Occasionally Wet"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)","Alkaline (>8.0)","Neutral (6.0-8.0)"]}}},"light_range":["deep shade","part sun"],"light_source":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Alliaria petiolata","scope":"TN-KY","source":"tnky_atlas","url":"https://tennessee-kentucky.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1532"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Alliaria petiolata","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:I CAN:I L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","explanation":"Source scopes are preserved. State occurrence alone does not establish nativity; combined regional evidence is labeled estimated.","label":"Not native to Georgia","rule":"southeast-native-synthesis-1","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Alliaria petiolata","taxon_id":"taxon:7ee602fa-1096-558b-904c-5046e5b3ddf0","revision":"publish:5809c037-0e9a-430a-8008-5ab6f69800c0","photos":[{"id":"inat-39650821","src":"/api/photos/image/ee778478b062638ab32921965e285f6c87052a0ba803b6cac7862eb98eaffd95.jpeg","view":"bloom","alt":"Alliaria petiolata — flower photograph","width":500,"height":333,"artist":"(c) Quinten Wiegersma, some rights reserved (CC BY)","license":"CC BY 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","source_url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/39650821","changes":"iNaturalist medium image; no additional crop, retouching, or re-encoding."}]}