Bird
American Kestrel
Falco sparverius
Lives in Florida all year and nests here. Found in 64 of 67 counties, across 16 habitats.
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- 64 of 67 counties
- Habitats
- 16

At a glance
- Group
- Birds
- Here
- All year
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- 64 of 67 counties
- Habitats
- 16
- Habitat models
- Summer, Winter
Where it lives
The places its habitat model includes. It is not found everywhere a habitat occurs.
Habitats in Florida 16
Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.


Open, grass-dominated places kept open by fire, grazing or thin soil, from tallgrass prairie to Piedmont prairies.
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Ground opened by people: roadsides, old fields, pastures, fencerows and lots.




Open, wet, seepage-fed bogs of the Coastal Plain and Sandhills, often with pitcher plants.
Disturbed and introduced wetlands
Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.
Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.
Floodplain and bottomland forests
Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.
Marshes along tidal rivers where the water is fresh but rises and falls with the tide.
Salt-pruned forests and shrub thickets behind coastal dunes.
Forests on moist but not wet ground, such as rich slopes and ravines.
Dry, deep-sand ridges with longleaf pine and turkey oak, kept open by fire.
Other habitats in its models (160)
Land cover, or classes with no habitat page in Florida. Those recorded in Florida first, the rest by region.
In Florida 2
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Seep Winter, beside its main habitat.
Elsewhere in the South (80)
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Brownwater Stream Floodplain Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Maritime Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry and Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Embayed Region Tidal Freshwater Marsh Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood and Mixed Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Peatland Pocosin Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Brownwater River Floodplain Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central and South Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central and Southern Appalachian Montane Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central and Southern Appalachian Northern Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central and Southern Appalachian Spruce-Fir Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Central and Upper Texas Coast Dune and Coastal Grassland Winter.
- Central Atlantic Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior Highlands Calcareous Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- Central Interior Highlands Dry Acidic Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- Crosstimbers Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Cumberland Sandstone Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Dry Chalk Bluff Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Limestone Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Bluff Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loblolly-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loess Bluff Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East-Central Texas Plains Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East-Central Texas Plains Post Oak Savanna and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Edwards Plateau Limestone Savanna and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Lower Mississippi River Dune Woodland and Forest Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Lower Mississippi River Flatwoods Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi Delta Maritime Forest Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Alluvial Plain Dry-Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Bottomland Depression Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Low Floodplain (Bottomland) Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Riparian Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Nashville Basin Limestone Glade Summer and winter.
- Northern Crowley's Ridge Sand Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Ouachita Montane Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry Oak Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Ridge and Valley Calcareous Valley Bottom Glade and Woodland Summer and winter.
- South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Flatwoods Summer, beside its main habitat.
- South-Central Interior / Upper Coastal Plain Wet Flatwoods Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- South-Central Interior Mesophytic Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- South-Central Interior Small Stream and Riparian Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Cove Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Grass and Shrub Bald Summer.
- Southern Appalachian Low Mountain Pine Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Montane Cliff Summer.
- Southern Appalachian Montane Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Northern Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Blackland Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Southern Crowley's Ridge Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Interior Acid Cliff Summer.
- Southern Interior Calcareous Cliff Summer.
- Southern Interior Low Plateau Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Cliff Summer.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Glade and Barrens Summer and winter.
- Southern Piedmont Mesic Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Texas Saline Coastal Prairie Summer and winter.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Chenier and Upper Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Large River Swamp Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nonriverine Wet Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Calcareous Prairie Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Sandhill Oak and Shortleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Forest Winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Calcareous Prairie Summer and winter.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Western Great Plains Mesquite Woodland and Shrubland Winter, beside its main habitat.
Northeast (13)
- Acadian Low-Elevation Spruce-Fir-Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Appalachian Hemlock-Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Fresh and Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central Appalachian Alkaline Glade and Woodland Summer and winter.
- Central Appalachian Oak and Pine Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central Appalachian Pine-Oak Rocky Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Appalachian Acidic Cliff and Talus Summer.
- North-Central Appalachian Circumneutral Cliff and Talus Summer.
- North-Central Interior Wet Flatwoods Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Pine Barrens Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Basin Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry Hardwood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
Midwest (12)
- Central Interior Acidic Cliff and Talus Summer.
- Central Interior Calcareous Cliff and Talus Summer.
- Central Mixedgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- Central Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Beech-Maple Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Dry Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest and Woodland Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Maple-Basswood Forest Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Oak Savanna Summer and winter.
- North-Central Interior Sand and Gravel Tallgrass Prairie Summer and winter.
- North-Central Oak Barrens Summer and winter.
- Western Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
Land cover and other classes (53)
- Allegheny-Cumberland Dry Oak Forest and Woodland - Hardwood Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Allegheny-Cumberland Dry Oak Forest and Woodland - Pine Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Arkansas Valley Prairie and Woodland Winter.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Herbaceous Wetland Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Oak Dominated Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Taxodium/Nyssa Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior and Appalachian Shrub-Herbaceous Wetland Systems Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior and Appalachian Swamp Systems Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Developed, Low Intensity Summer and winter.
- Developed, Medium Intensity Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Herbaceous Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Woodland Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Plain Dry Flatwoods - Open Understory Modifier Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Jackson Prairie and Woodland Summer and winter.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest - Offsite Pine Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Juniper Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Eastern Great Plains Wet Meadow, Prairie, and Marsh Summer and winter.
- Eastern Highland Rim Prairie and Barrens - Dry Modifier Summer and winter.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Harvested Forest - Grass/Forb Regeneration Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Annual Grassland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Forbland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland Summer and winter.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland and Forbland Summer and winter.
- Mississippi River Floodplain and Riparian Forest Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Modified/Managed Southern Tall Grassland Summer and winter.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Virginia/Pitch Pine Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest-Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Burned Grassland Summer and winter.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Oak Forest - Xeric Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Grass and Shrub Bald - Herbaceous Modifier Summer.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Clethra Modifier Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Pine Modifier Winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Hardwood Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Loblolly Pine Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-Heath Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Piedmont/Ridge and Valley Upland Depression Swamp Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest - Pine modifier Summer and winter, beside its main habitat.
- Tamaulipan Clay Grassland Summer.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Slough Summer and winter.
- Unconsolidated Shore Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Unconsolidated Shore (Lake/River/Pond) Summer, beside its main habitat.
Seasons in Florida
- Year-round: nests here, in 64 of 67 counties.
Also found in its main habitats
Its main habitats in Florida, by how much of its habitat model each one is, with the birds most characteristic of each and the plants that grow wild there. Shared habitat, not food.
American Kestrel uses many habitats in Florida; these are its 3 most characteristic.
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Birds 117
- House SparrowPasser domesticus
- Mitred ParakeetAratinga mitrata
- Monk ParakeetMyiopsitta monachus
- Upland SandpiperBartramia longicauda
- Rock PigeonColumba livia
- BobolinkDolichonyx oryzivorus
- DickcisselSpiza americana
- Western MeadowlarkSturnella neglecta
- Blue-winged WarblerVermivora pinus
- Golden-winged WarblerVermivora chrysoptera
- Horned LarkEremophila alpestris
- Rufous HummingbirdSelasphorus rufus
Plants 1524
- Whitestar Morning-gloryIpomoea leucantha
- Canada LettuceLactuca canadensis
- Common HorseweedErigeron canadensis
- Annual FleabaneErigeron annuus
- Oakleaf FleabaneErigeron quercifolius
- Dog-fennelEupatorium capillifolium
- Common Evening-primroseOenothera biennis
- Carolina Crane's-billGeranium carolinianum
- Cutleaf Evening-primroseOenothera laciniata
- Threadleaf SundropsOenothera linifolia
- Carolina HorsenettleSolanum carolinense var. carolinense
- Tooth Leaf Croton; Sand CrotonCroton glandulosus var. septentrionalis
Coastal dunes and beaches
Birds 128
- Bridled TernOnychoprion anaethetus
- Black-throated Green WarblerDendroica virens
- Masked BoobySula dactylatra
- Sooty TernOnychoprion fuscatus
- Brown NoddyAnous stolidus
- Great Black-backed GullLarus marinus
- Horned LarkEremophila alpestris
- Marbled GodwitLimosa fedoa
- Rock PigeonColumba livia
- Roseate TernSterna dougallii
- Antillean NighthawkChordeiles gundlachii
- Cave SwallowPetrochelidon fulva
Plants 187
- Railroad VineIpomoea pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis
- Beach Morning-gloryIpomoea imperati
- Godfrey's Golden AsterChrysopsis godfreyi
- Seabeach KnotweedPolygonum glaucum
- Garber's SandmatEuphorbia garberi
- Sanddune SpurgeEuphorbia trichotoma
- Northern Seaside SpurgeEuphorbia polygonifolia
- Southern Seaside SpurgeEuphorbia bombensis
- Agalinis harperiAgalinis harperi
- Mound-lily YuccaYucca gloriosa
- BeachstarCyperus pedunculatus
- BaybeanCanavalia rosea
Prairies and grasslands
Birds 40
- Horned LarkEremophila alpestris
- Burrowing OwlAthene cunicularia
- House FinchCarpodacus mexicanus
- Vesper SparrowPooecetes gramineus
- Western KingbirdTyrannus verticalis
- Crested CaracaraCaracara cheriway
- Florida Burrowing OwlAthene cunicularia floridana
- Bachman's SparrowAimophila aestivalis
- Cape May WarblerDendroica tigrina
- Florida Grasshoper SparrowAmmodramus savannarum floridanus
- KilldeerCharadrius vociferus
- Purple MartinProgne subis
Plants 239
- Pineland CrotonCroton linearis
- Everglade Key SandmatEuphorbia conferta
- Everglades SpurgeEuphorbia hammeri
- Porter's SandmatEuphorbia porteriana
- Lantana sandersii var. sanibelensisLantana sandersii var. sanibelensis
- South Florida Little BluestemSchizachyrium rhizomatum
- Twospike CrabgrassDigitaria pauciflora
- Rough Blazing-starLiatris aspera
- Everglades SquarestemMelanthera angustifolia
- Florida WhitetopRhynchospora floridensis
- Manyflower Marsh-pennywortHydrocotyle umbellata
- Small's FlaxLinum smallii
Sources
- USGS Gap Analysis Project habitat models (2001)
- USGS GAP winter habitat model for American Kestrel
- USGS Gap Analysis Project range maps (2001), modeled by watershed; migratory gives no dates
- NatureServe Explorer (CC BY 4.0), habitat names
- US Census TIGER/Line counties
- Names follow the USGS Gap Analysis Project (2001)















































