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Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. 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Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","native_provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"fl_atlas","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["fl_atlas:FL:3127"],"source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","source_refs":["fl_atlas","gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3127","state_rank":"SNR"},"source_refs":["fl_atlas","gbif_specimens","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3127","state_rank":{"value":"SNR"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[4,5],"ph":null},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 20 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Good","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:f3e581231d0638ff71f1adbaea64d2c4e9f2beee5ac048e9de872c51be442066","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:a76c8af91f7c7bbe602049583d8758f56e0de8ca8b3edf8b356f7c99a5b82972","levels":[4,5],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[4,5],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["01003","01067","01097","12005","12009","12017","12031","12037","12071","12085","12103","12109","12113","12117","12123","12127","12129","37013","37015","37019","37029","37031","37037","37049","37053","37055","37095","37105","37129","37133","37135","37137","37139","37141","37143","37177","37179","45015","45019","45029","45043","45053","51001","51013","51036","51043","51057","51059","51065","51069","51073","51095","51097","51099","51101","51127","51131","51133","51159","51179","51181","51187","51193","51199","51550","51650","51700","51800","51810"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[2,4],"moisture":[4,5],"ph":null},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 20 NC counties","light":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","moisture":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":45,"state":"FL"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","source_record_id":1656,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Tidal freshwater to brackish marshes."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Nova Scotia west to Washington, south to South America."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Late May-Jun; Jun-Sep."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Can, ETx1, FNA23, GrPl, Il, K1, K4, Mex, Mi, Mo1, NE, NS, NY, POWO, Va, WH3, Strong (1994); = Scirpus americanus Pers. — C; = Scirpus olneyi A. Gray — F, G, GW1, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tx]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Schuyler (1974) discussed the need to replace the name S. olneyi (as traditionally applied) with S. americanus , traditionally applied to what must now be called S. pungens . Because of this nomenclatural change, the interpretation of much information and records is now uncertain."},{"field":"identification_notes","source_column":"IdentificationNotes","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"The leafless stems of Schoenoplectus americanus are sharply triangular in cross-section and grow 1-2 meters tall. Near the summit of each stem is a single compact cluster of spikelets, with an erect bract that looks as if it were a continuation of the stem. It is very much like S. pungens , but the color of S. americanus is brighter green, the stems are sharply triangular (vs. much less sharply angled in that species), and the inflorescence bracts are shorter (1-6 cm long vs. 3-20 cm long)."},{"field":"heliophily_index","source_column":"HIndex","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":8},{"field":"regional_wetland_indicators","source_column":"WetlandStatus1..5","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"OBL"}]},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Water","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr04","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr10":"4H23,4H3m,4H43,4H64,4H91","Attr11":"b","Attr12":"4Bw2,4Bw4,4Bw6,4BwX","Attr2":"Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 5-7","Attr5":"y","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"c,r,t","Attr9":"n"}},{"field":"fruit_season_begin","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"June"},{"field":"fruit_season_end","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"September"},{"field":"bloom_season","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":1656,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Late May to June"}],"values":{"bloom_season":"Late May to June","botanical_comments":"Schuyler (1974) discussed the need to replace the name S. olneyi (as traditionally applied) with S. americanus , traditionally applied to what must now be called S. pungens . Because of this nomenclatural change, the interpretation of much information and records is now uncertain.","fruit_season_begin":"June","fruit_season_end":"September","geographic_range_description":"Nova Scotia west to Washington, south to South America.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr04","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr10":"4H23,4H3m,4H43,4H64,4H91","Attr11":"b","Attr12":"4Bw2,4Bw4,4Bw6,4BwX","Attr2":"Water,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"y","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:y,native_nc_pd:y,native_sc_cp:y,native_ga_cp:y,native_ga_pd:y,","Attr4":" 5-7","Attr5":"y","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"c,r,t","Attr9":"n"},"habitat_description":"Tidal freshwater to brackish marshes.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Water","Wet"],"heliophily_index":8,"identification_notes":"The leafless stems of Schoenoplectus americanus are sharply triangular in cross-section and grow 1-2 meters tall. Near the summit of each stem is a single compact cluster of spikelets, with an erect bract that looks as if it were a continuation of the stem. It is very much like S. pungens , but the color of S. americanus is brighter green, the stems are sharply triangular (vs. much less sharply angled in that species), and the inflorescence bracts are shorter (1-6 cm long vs. 3-20 cm long).","phenology_source_text":"Late May-Jun; Jun-Sep.","regional_wetland_indicators":[{"source_column":"WetlandStatus1","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus2","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus3","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus4","value":"OBL"},{"source_column":"WetlandStatus5","value":"OBL"}],"taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Can, ETx1, FNA23, GrPl, Il, K1, K4, Mex, Mi, Mo1, NE, NS, NY, POWO, Va, WH3, Strong (1994); = Scirpus americanus Pers. — C; = Scirpus olneyi A. Gray — F, G, GW1, RAB, S, S13, Tat, Tx]"}},"forest_service":{"identity_basis":"Exact existing catalog or state-source name","matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:43:19.526996+00:00","scope":"Source botanical description; original units and scope retained","scoring_allowed":false,"source_label":"Fire Effects Information System: Schoenoplectus americanus","source_sha256":"75a6d2ec5052845a047d76c2660de7bcb78e2988ecf72ef21ac26999028cc64d","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/schame","trait_evidence":[{"catalog_id":"nc:schoenoplectus-americanus","field":"height_description","height_description":"It has erect, sharply triangular and deeply concave-sided culms growing up to 5 feet in height (1.5 m) [10,21].","life_stage":"general_botanical_description","matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","paragraph_sha256":"d93096716aecd4428f8999168a23be6fcf4bb27aadc48dce32cc8675207add8f","retrieved":"2026-10-01T13:43:19.526996+00:00","review_status":"reviewed","source_quote":"Chairmaker's bulrush is a coarse, rhizomatous, perennial sedge. It has erect, sharply triangular and deeply concave-sided culms growing up to 5 feet in height (1.5 m) [10,21]. It generally bears only a few short leaves up to about 4 inches long (10 cm) which arise from the lower part of the culm. The inflorescence consists of a cluster of 5 to 12 sessile, crowded spikelets [28]. Rhizomes are located within 6 inches (15 cm) of the soil surface [28].","source_section":"Schoenoplectus americanus, chairmaker's bulrush / Botanical Description","source_sha256":"75a6d2ec5052845a047d76c2660de7bcb78e2988ecf72ef21ac26999028cc64d","source_title":"Fire Effects Information System: Schoenoplectus americanus","source_url":"https://research.fs.usda.gov/feis/species-reviews/schame"}],"values":{"height_description":"It has erect, sharply triangular and deeply concave-sided culms growing up to 5 feet in height (1.5 m) [10,21]."}},"wildflower_center":{"matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","retrieved":"2026-10-05T19:56:25.408425+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Source-reported species characteristics; not a location-specific estimate.","source_label":"Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center","source_sha256":"cecc0596a8b7f4aed1f771e586ee9184657c93592731558a26d6dc859b8fdb93","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SCAM6","trait_evidence":[{"expected_source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","field":"height_description","original_field":"height","record_id":"trait:41051a3b6ff5ed37b5706a68694057b4a6e3ddb4c94d5652cc03e400e263fbae","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:56:25.408425+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","source_sha256":"cecc0596a8b7f4aed1f771e586ee9184657c93592731558a26d6dc859b8fdb93","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SCAM6","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:073dae71-065d-521d-aed8-24ab5db7256a","value":{"approximate":true,"kind":"upper_bound","max":8,"unit":"feet"}},{"expected_source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","field":"flower_color","original_field":"flower_color","record_id":"trait:4c2e3b40ddbbd14dfc8ee820a29b9982309df1747e783d871d70022a88ab28b1","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:56:25.408425+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","source_sha256":"cecc0596a8b7f4aed1f771e586ee9184657c93592731558a26d6dc859b8fdb93","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SCAM6","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:073dae71-065d-521d-aed8-24ab5db7256a","value":["Yellow","Brown"]},{"expected_source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","field":"life_cycle","original_field":"life_cycle","record_id":"trait:4ec887beff8f613ac806bc5189bad6418f1226dba0f6b52aa90e78ef375ca18c","retrieved_at":"2026-10-05T19:56:25.408425+00:00","scope":{"kind":"unspecified"},"scope_note":"Species profile; distribution and native-status discovery filters do not establish local growing or bloom timing.","source":"wildflower","source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","source_sha256":"cecc0596a8b7f4aed1f771e586ee9184657c93592731558a26d6dc859b8fdb93","source_url":"https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=SCAM6","status":"eligible_fact","taxon_id":"taxon:073dae71-065d-521d-aed8-24ab5db7256a","value":["Perennial"]}],"values":{"flower_color":["Yellow","Brown"],"height_description":"Up to about 8 feet","life_cycle":["Perennial"]}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"claim":"native","flag":"Y","matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","scope":"FL","source":"fl_atlas","url":"https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/3127"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:N CAN:N L48:N PR:N VI:N","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"claim":"native","matched_name":"Scirpus olneyi Gray","scope":"NC","source":"nc_flora","url":"https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","scope":"FL","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SNR","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.160106/Schoenoplectus_americanus"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"fl_atlas","explanation":"Atlas of Florida Plants (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (NC), not this state: Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","label":"Native to Florida (state-specific source)","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"fl_atlas","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"native_supported"},"source_name":"Schoenoplectus americanus","taxon_id":"taxon:073dae71-065d-521d-aed8-24ab5db7256a","revision":"publish:903368a2-17ec-496c-89d2-a217f30d9dda","photos":[]}