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POWO (2024) recognized five varieties, of which only var. calleryana is reported as occurring in North America. This species has become an aggressive naturalizer in much of our area (Nesom 2000c; Vincent 2005; Culley & Hardiman 2007).","fruit_season_begin":"August","fruit_season_end":"October","geographic_range_description":"Native of China.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr14","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_mt,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_mt,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_mt,ga_pd,","Attr11":"pin","Attr12":"unl","Attr13":"nt","Attr14":"Bl5,Bl9","Attr15":"lh","Attr16":"n","Attr17":"rad","Attr18":"5","Attr19":"wh","Attr2":"Dry,Moist","Attr20":"y","Attr21":"F2","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_mt:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_mt:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_mt:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 2-5","Attr5":"t","Attr6":"n","Attr7":"n","Attr8":"alt","Attr9":"sim"},"habitat_description":"Commonly planted and persistent, now an aggressive naturalizer in fields, roadsides, and disturbed areas across most of our region.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist"],"heliophily_index":8,"phenology_source_text":"Late Feb-Apr; 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