{"assessment":{"band":"Not native","fit_score":null,"native_basis":"not_native","rarity_adjustment":null,"rarity_policy":"Conservation status is displayed separately and never changes ecological scores, including when unranked.","reason":"Reported non-native to Arkansas.","reference":"NC native reference cohort, method 0.6.4; not a Arkansas percentile","score":null,"scoring_inputs":{"harm_penalty":0,"invasive":false,"invasive_rank":null,"native":false,"state_rank":"SNA"},"status":"not_native","version":"shared-0.6.5"},"condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:bea7c9641d5a9ac857641f1c7268634af93fea3311092fc466ada75bd40a2428","levels":[2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[2,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_light_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:9f01ee9553a1c02e40eb9c039414e888e5f7a740ad1404c6fcdd21a502a73c42","levels":[0,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[0,4],"scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"semantics":"documented_native_habitat_conditions","source_field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"evidence":{"fit_score":null,"growth_habit":null,"invasive_status":{"status":"unresolved"},"native_status":{"status":"not_native"},"occurrence":{"county_fips":["05007","05009","05065","05105","05125","05133","05135","05143"],"meaning":"Recorded occurrence; 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county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"light":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","moisture":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":false,"quercus_score":null,"state":"AR"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":false,"flags":[],"review_status":"not_assessed","suggestions_excluded":false},"growing_observations":{"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","source_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","source_record_id":5093,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Disturbed areas."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Native of South America. Works by Edmonds and associates have established that S. sarrachoides and S. nitidibaccatum Rusby are two distinct species, but both are presently known from North America."},{"field":"phenology_source_text","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Jul-Oct."},{"field":"taxonomic_synonymy","source_column":"Synonymy","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"Organism","value":"[= Ar, C, FNA14, K4, Mo3, NS, NY, POWO, RAB, Va, Knapp et al (2019), Särkinen et al (2018); = n/a — Pa, Tat; = Solanum sarachoides Sendtn. — F, Tn, orthographic error; Solanum physalifolium Rusby — Il, K1; > Solanum physalifolium Rusby var. nitidibaccum (Bitter) Edmonds — NE; Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. — GrPl, Schilling (1981)]"},{"field":"botanical_comments","source_column":"Comments","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Mistaken interpretations of Cronquist's 1991 treatment of Solanum (e.g. by Kartesz 1999) have given rise to the incorrect belief that S. physalifolium is found in North America. True Solanum nitidibaccatum is present in the western United States, S. sarrachoides in the Southeast."},{"field":"habitat_moisture_categories","source_column":"Attr2","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Dry","Moist","Wet"]},{"field":"habitat_light_categories","source_column":"Attr3","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":["Partial shade","Full sun"]},{"field":"graphic_key_source_attributes","source_column":"Attr0..25","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"GraphicKey","value":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr12":"e,s","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"5","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"y","Attr17":"F2","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 6-11","Attr5":"er,pr","Attr6":"pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"in"}},{"field":"bloom_season","source_column":"Phenology","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":5093,"source_table":"Organism","value":"July to October"}],"values":{"bloom_season":"July to October","botanical_comments":"Mistaken interpretations of Cronquist's 1991 treatment of Solanum (e.g. by Kartesz 1999) have given rise to the incorrect belief that S. physalifolium is found in North America. 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Works by Edmonds and associates have established that S. sarrachoides and S. nitidibaccatum Rusby are two distinct species, but both are presently known from North America.","graphic_key_source_attributes":{"Attr0":"gr09","Attr1":"nc_cp,nc_pd,sc_cp,sc_pd,ga_cp,ga_pd,","Attr12":"e,s","Attr13":"rad","Attr14":"5","Attr15":"wh","Attr16":"y","Attr17":"F2","Attr2":"Dry,Moist,Wet","Attr3":"Part,Sun","Attr3a":"n","Attr3a_subregion":"native_nc_cp:n,native_nc_pd:n,native_sc_cp:n,native_sc_pd:n,native_ga_cp:n,native_ga_pd:n,","Attr4":" 6-11","Attr5":"er,pr","Attr6":"pub","Attr7":"alt","Attr8":"s","Attr9":"in"},"habitat_description":"Disturbed areas.","habitat_light_categories":["Partial shade","Full sun"],"habitat_moisture_categories":["Dry","Moist","Wet"],"phenology_source_text":"Jul-Oct.","taxonomic_synonymy":"[= Ar, C, FNA14, K4, Mo3, NS, NY, POWO, RAB, Va, Knapp et al (2019), Särkinen et al (2018); = n/a — Pa, Tat; = Solanum sarachoides Sendtn. — F, Tn, orthographic error; Solanum physalifolium Rusby — Il, K1; > Solanum physalifolium Rusby var. nitidibaccum (Bitter) Edmonds — NE; Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn. — GrPl, Schilling (1981)]"}}},"light_range":["part shade","full sun"],"light_source":"Weakley, Flora of the Southeastern United States (2025), Carolinas & Georgia edition","native_synthesis":{"claims":[{"basis":"atlas map status: introduced (status code 1) or native","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","scope":"AR","source":"ar_atlas_2013","url":"https://biology.uark.edu/herbarium/AtlasVascularPlantsArkansas2013_lowerres.pdf#page=386"},{"claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","scope":"L48","source":"usda","text":"AK:I CAN:I L48:I","url":"https://plants.usda.gov/"},{"basis":"alien asterisk: exotic throughout the Flora area","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","scope":"AL-AR-DC-DE-FL-GA-KY-LA-MD-MS-NC-NJ-PA-SC-TN-VA-WV","source":"weakley_fsus","url":"https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"introduced","matched_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","scope":"AR","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"SNA","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.155245/Solanum_sarrachoides"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"ar_atlas_2013","explanation":"Atlas of the Vascular Plants of Arkansas (2013) (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier.","label":"Not native to Arkansas","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"ar_atlas_2013","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"not_native"},"source_name":"Solanum sarrachoides","taxon_id":"taxon:da436ea4-c2e0-5bc1-ae34-54608fcce93d","revision":"publish:d412fcf4-883a-4c06-b542-542693807821","photos":[]}