Bird
Eastern Kingbird
Tyrannus tyrannus
A summer resident that nests in Alabama. Found in all 67 counties, across 24 habitats.
- Here
- Summer
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 67 counties
- Habitats
- 24

At a glance
- Group
- Birds
- Here
- Summer
- Nesting
- Nests here
- Range
- All 67 counties
- Habitats
- 24
- Habitat models
- Summer
Where it lives
The places its habitat model includes. It is not found everywhere a habitat occurs.
Habitats in Alabama 24
Each habitat page lists the plants and wildlife also found there.


Glades, barrens and outcrops on limestone

Granite and other acidic rock outcrops



Open sand of beaches, dunes and the hollows between them.
Dense, evergreen groves of live oak, magnolia and other hardwoods in the southern Coastal Plain, from dry oak domes to wet hydric hammocks and south Florida's tropical hammocks; salt-shaped maritime hammocks are maritime forests.
Open, wet, seepage-fed bogs of the Coastal Plain and Sandhills, often with pitcher plants.
Disturbed and introduced wetlands
Wet ground taken over by weedy or introduced plants after disturbance, such as common reed, Chinese tallow or tamarisk stands; the upland counterpart is roadsides, fields and disturbed ground.
Forests and open woodlands on dry ridges and slopes, often oak or pine.
Floodplain and bottomland forests
Forests on low ground beside rivers and streams that flood from time to time.
Flat, poorly drained uplands and terraces with oaks, sweetgum and sometimes loblolly pine, wet in winter and dry in summer, but neither a floodplain nor a swamp.
Salt-pruned forests and shrub thickets behind coastal dunes.
Forests between dry and moist, often oak-hickory on slopes.
Forests on moist but not wet ground, such as rich slopes and ravines.
Flat, sandy Coastal Plain pine woodlands, wetter than sandhills and denser than savannas.
Open, fire-kept longleaf pine stands over grasses and wildflowers on wet to moist sandy soil.
Roadsides, fields and disturbed ground
Ground opened by people: roadsides, old fields, pastures, fencerows and lots.
Streams, rivers and their banks
Flowing water and its banks, bars and rocky shoals.
Tree plantations and managed pine
Planted or intensively managed stands of pine or hardwoods grown for timber; a land use rather than a natural community.
Cliffs, ledges and rocky summits


Salt and brackish open water of sounds, bays and estuaries, with the mud and sand flats and seagrass beds that tides cover and uncover; the vegetated marsh is salt and brackish marshes.
Other habitats in its models (185)
Land cover, or classes with no habitat page in Alabama.
- Developed, Medium Intensity Summer.
- Barren Land Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior Calcareous Cliff and Talus Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Central Interior Acidic Cliff and Talus Summer, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Appalachian Circumneutral Cliff and Talus Summer, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Appalachian Acidic Cliff and Talus Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Central and Southern Appalachian Northern Hardwood Forest Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Hardwood Modifier Summer.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest-Hardwood Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Plain Oak-Hickory Upland - Juniper Modifier Summer.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Oak Forest - Xeric Summer.
- Northeastern Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer.
- Crosstimbers Oak Forest and Woodland Summer.
- North-Central Interior Dry-Mesic Oak Forest and Woodland Summer.
- North-Central Interior Dry Oak Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Ouachita Montane Oak Forest Summer.
- North-Central Interior Beech-Maple Forest Summer.
- North-Central Interior Maple-Basswood Forest Summer.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Oak Forest Summer.
- Central and Southern Appalachian Montane Oak Forest Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Loess Bluff Forest Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Loess Bluff Forest Summer.
- South Florida Hardwood Hammock Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry and Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Summer.
- Southwest Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Summer.
- Southeast Florida Coastal Strand and Maritime Hammock Summer.
- Central and South Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Chenier and Upper Texas Coastal Fringe Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Mississippi River Alluvial Plain Dry-Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer.
- East-Central Texas Plains Post Oak Savanna and Woodland Summer.
- East-Central Texas Plains Riparian Forest Summer.
- South Florida Pine Rockland Summer.
- Ozark-Ouachita Dry Oak Woodland Summer.
- Lower Mississippi River Dune Woodland and Forest Summer.
- Edwards Plateau Limestone Savanna and Woodland Summer.
- Mississippi Delta Maritime Forest Summer.
- Western Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine Summer.
- Southern Crowley's Ridge Mesic Loess Slope Forest Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer.
- Ozark-Ouachita Mesic Hardwood Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Maritime Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Maritime Forest Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Hardwood Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Black Belt Calcareous Prairie and Woodland - Woodland Modifier Summer.
- Northeastern Interior Dry Oak Forest - Virginia/Pitch Pine Modifier Summer.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Loblolly Pine Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Dry Upland Hardwood Forest - Offsite Pine Modifier Summer.
- Allegheny-Cumberland Dry Oak Forest and Woodland - Pine Modifier Summer.
- Southern Ridge and Valley Dry Calcareous Forest - Pine modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-(Pine) Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer.
- Southern Piedmont Dry Oak-Heath Forest - Mixed Modifier Summer.
- Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Dry Hardwood Forest Summer.
- Appalachian Shale Barrens Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Central Interior Highlands Dry Acidic Glade and Barrens Summer.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Oak Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Central Appalachian Oak and Pine Forest Summer.
- Appalachian Hemlock-Hardwood Forest Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Forest Summer.
- Central Appalachian Pine-Oak Rocky Woodland Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Sandhill Oak and Shortleaf Pine Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Northern Crowley's Ridge Sand Forest Summer.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Cove Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Mesic Hardwood and Mixed Forest Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Open Understory Modifier Summer.
- Florida Longleaf Pine Sandhill - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-Line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Understory Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Loblolly Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Open Understory Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Interior Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland - Scrub/Shrub Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland Summer.
- Southern Appalachian Montane Pine Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Northeastern Interior Pine Barrens Summer.
- East-Central Texas Plains Pine Forest and Woodland Summer.
- Ozark-Ouachita Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Woodland Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Fall-line Sandhills Longleaf Pine Woodland - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer.
- Florida Peninsula Inland Scrub Summer.
- Tamaulipan Mixed Deciduous Thornscrub Summer.
- Tamaulipan Mesquite Upland Scrub Summer.
- Tamaulipan Calcareous Thornscrub Summer.
- North-Central Interior Oak Savanna Summer.
- North-Central Oak Barrens Summer.
- Southern Piedmont Glade and Barrens Summer.
- Nashville Basin Limestone Glade Summer.
- Central Appalachian Alkaline Glade and Woodland Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Catahoula Barrens Summer, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nepheline Syenite Glade Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Xeric River Dune Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Grass and Shrub Bald - Shrub Modifier Summer.
- Southern Appalachian Grass and Shrub Bald - Herbaceous Modifier Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Western Great Plains Mesquite Woodland and Shrubland Summer.
- Eastern Highland Rim Prairie and Barrens - Dry Modifier Summer.
- Central Mixedgrass Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- North-Central Interior Sand and Gravel Tallgrass Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Arkansas Valley Prairie and Woodland Summer.
- Central Tallgrass Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Blackland Tallgrass Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southeastern Great Plains Tallgrass Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Florida Dry Prairie Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Northern Calcareous Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Calcareous Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southwest Florida Dune and Coastal Grassland Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Appalachian Grass and Shrub Bald Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Logged Areas Summer.
- Harvested Forest - Grass/Forb Regeneration Summer.
- Recently Burned Forest Summer.
- Recently Burned Grassland Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Recently Burned Shrubland Summer.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Treed Summer.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Shrub Summer.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Forbland Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Annual Grassland Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Introduced Upland Vegetation - Perennial Grassland and Forbland Summer.
- Modified/Managed Southern Tall Grassland Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Pine Modifier Summer.
- Southern Coastal Plain Nonriverine Basin Swamp - Okefenokee Clethra Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Herbaceous Wetland Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Peatland Pocosin Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Streamhead Seepage Swamp - Pocosin - and Baygall Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Large Natural Lakeshore Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Tidal Wooded Swamp Summer.
- South Florida Everglades Sawgrass Marsh Summer.
- Central Interior and Appalachian Shrub-Herbaceous Wetland Systems Summer.
- Floridian Highlands Freshwater Marsh Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Embayed Region Tidal Freshwater Marsh Summer.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Seep Summer.
- Florida Big Bend Fresh-Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Northern Fresh and Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Large River Swamp Summer.
- South Florida Bayhead Swamp Summer.
- Northern Atlantic Coastal Plain Basin Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Central Fresh-Oligohaline Tidal Marsh Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Taxodium/Nyssa Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Nonriverine Swamp and Wet Hardwood Forest - Oak Dominated Modifier Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Clay-Based Carolina Bay Forested Wetland Summer.
- South Florida Dwarf Cypress Savanna Summer.
- Southern and Central Appalachian Bog and Fen Summer.
- South Florida Wet Marl Prairie Summer.
- Texas Saline Coastal Prairie Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Eastern Great Plains Wet Meadow, Prairie, and Marsh Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Lower Mississippi River Bottomland Depressions - Forest Modifier Summer.
- South Florida Cypress Dome Summer.
- Western Great Plains Depressional Wetland Systems Summer.
- Central Florida Herbaceous Pondshore Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Southern Depression Pondshore Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Depression Pondshore Summer.
- Mississippi River Bottomland Depression Summer.
- South Florida Freshwater Slough and Gator Hole Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Blackwater Stream Floodplain Forest - Forest Modifier Summer.
- Central Appalachian Floodplain - Forest Modifier Summer.
- Central Appalachian Riparian - Forest Modifier Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest - Herbaceous Modifier Summer.
- South-Central Interior Large Floodplain - Herbaceous Modifier Summer.
- Western Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer.
- Eastern Great Plains Floodplain Systems Summer.
- Mississippi River Riparian Forest Summer.
- Mississippi River Low Floodplain (Bottomland) Forest Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Small Stream and River Forest Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Large River Floodplain Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Brownwater River Floodplain Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Small Blackwater River Floodplain Forest Summer.
- Red River Large Floodplain Forest Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Brownwater Stream Floodplain Forest Summer.
- Texas-Louisiana Coastal Prairie Slough Summer, beside its main habitat.
- Mississippi River Floodplain and Riparian Forest Summer.
- Ozark-Ouachita Riparian Summer.
- East Gulf Coastal Plain Near-Coast Pine Flatwoods - Offsite Hardwood Modifier Summer.
- South Florida Pine Flatwoods Summer.
- Central Atlantic Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer.
- Atlantic Coastal Plain Southern Wet Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna and Flatwoods Summer.
- Central Florida Pine Flatwoods Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Pine-Hardwood Flatwoods Summer.
- North-Central Interior Wet Flatwoods Summer.
- Lower Mississippi River Flatwoods Summer.
- West Gulf Coastal Plain Nonriverine Wet Hardwood Flatwoods Summer.
Seasons in Alabama
- Summer: nests here, in all 67 counties.
Also found in this habitat
Plants 1127
Plants named in NatureServe descriptions of these habitats that grow in Alabama. Shared habitat, not food.
- Slender SpikegrassChasmanthium laxum
- Cliftonia monophyllaCliftonia monophylla
- Silky OatgrassDanthonia sericea
- Deer-tongue WitchgrassDichanthelium clandestinum
- American Witch-hazelHamamelis virginiana
- ButternutJuglans cinerea
- Black WalnutJuglans nigra
- Rice CutgrassLeersia oryzoides
- Panhandle LilyLilium iridollae
- Macranthera flammeaMacranthera flammea
- False Solomon's-sealMaianthemum racemosum
- Matelea baldwynianaMatelea baldwyniana
- Fragrant Water-lilyNymphaea odorata
- Cinnamon FernOsmundastrum cinnamomeum
- Eastern Needle GrassPiptochaetium avenaceum
- Yellow Fringeless OrchidPlatanthera integra
- American SycamorePlatanus occidentalis
- Darlington OakQuercus hemisphaerica
- Live OakQuercus virginiana
- Rhapidophyllum hystrixRhapidophyllum hystrix
- Rhexia parvifloraRhexia parviflora
- Salix floridanaSalix floridana
- Canadian Black-snakerootSanicula canadensis
- Bay StarvineSchisandra glabra
Wildlife 257
Other animals whose habitat models include the same habitats in Alabama. Not sighting records.
- Common NighthawkChordeiles minor
- Great Horned OwlBubo virginianus
- Chimney SwiftChaetura pelagica
- European StarlingSturnus vulgaris
- Sharp-shinned HawkAccipiter striatus
- Turkey VultureCathartes aura
- American CrowCorvus brachyrhynchos
- Cooper's HawkAccipiter cooperii
- Red-tailed HawkButeo jamaicensis
- Red-winged BlackbirdAgelaius phoeniceus
- American GoldfinchCarduelis tristis
- American KestrelFalco sparverius
- Mourning DoveZenaida macroura
- Northern CardinalCardinalis cardinalis
- Northern MockingbirdMimus polyglottos
- Yellow-breasted ChatIcteria virens
- American RobinTurdus migratorius
- Belted KingfisherMegaceryle alcyon
- Eurasian Collared-doveStreptopelia decaocto
- Great Crested FlycatcherMyiarchus crinitus
- OspreyPandion haliaetus
- Bald EagleHaliaeetus leucocephalus
- Black-crowned Night-heronNycticorax nycticorax
- Common GrackleQuiscalus quiscula
NatureServe Explorer, CC BY 4.0. USGS Gap Analysis Project habitat models.
Sources
- USGS Gap Analysis Project habitat models (2001)
- USGS GAP summer habitat model for Eastern Kingbird Elevation -47 to 914 m. Avoids forest interior
- USGS Gap Analysis Project range maps (2001), modeled by watershed; migratory gives no dates
- NatureServe Explorer (CC BY 4.0), habitat names
- US Census TIGER/Line counties
- Names follow the USGS Gap Analysis Project (2001)





































