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Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. 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South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Tennessee","claim":"native","scope":"TN","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"AL-MS-TN","source":"floraquest_south_central","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midsouthfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Alabama","claim":"native","scope":"AL","source":"floraquest_south_central","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midsouthfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Alabama","claim":"native","scope":"AL","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midatlanticfieldguide"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Clethra acuminata","scope":"AL","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S1","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.138596/Clethra_acuminata"}],"native_explanation":"Alabama Plant Atlas (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (GA, GA-NC-SC, NC, SC, TN), not this state: FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Weakley), Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","native_provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"al_atlas","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"native_status":"native_supported","package_native_status":"native_supported","source_ids":["al_atlas:AL:1545"],"source_name":"Clethra acuminata","source_refs":["al_atlas","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://dev.alabama.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1545","state_rank":"S1"},"source_refs":["al_atlas","natureserve_explorer"],"source_url":"https://dev.alabama.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1545","state_rank":{"value":"S1"}},"fit_inputs":{"light":[1,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":[4.5,6]},"fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 20 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox pH categories (Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes)"},"fit_record":{"band":"Strong","condition_evidence":{"light":{"evidence_id":"fact:ee3561e26611ab1fdb98e4515770b48e92a5f15c5bf495162069619fefc1e089","levels":[1,2,3,4],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[1,4],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_light_categories_preserved_without_hour_conversion","source_field":"light","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-acuminata/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"moisture":{"evidence_id":"fact:75fb976b68b9d7702c1dc2297d43d28d7717413c51f02c186cafb86e83b435fa","levels":[3],"policy":"selected-condition-categories-2","range":[3,3],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_drainage_or_moisture_categories_preserved","source_field":"soil_drainage","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-acuminata/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"},"ph":{"basis":["Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes"],"categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"evidence_id":"fact:265448df725ff548bcf1423a8bc0614b6dbdd080b6179fa781535e4be154e8f2","policy":"soil-ph-categories-1","range":[4.5,6],"scope":null,"semantics":"source_characteristic","source_field":"soil_ph_categories","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-acuminata/","status":"mapped_selected_fact"}},"county_fips":["01027","13059","13241","13281","13311","21013","21043","21095","21115","21125","21129","21133","21147","21165","21175","21195","21197","21199","21205","21235","21237","37005","37009","37011","37021","37023","37043","37075","37087","37089","37099","37111","37113","37121","37149","37171","37173","37175","37189","37193","37199","45031","45045","45073","45077","47009","47013","47019","47029","47049","47059","47091","47123","47129","47133","47137","47141","47151","47155","47163","47165","47171","47175","47179","51027","51035","51051","51063","51077","51105","51139","51141","51155","51167","51169","51173","51185","51191","51195","51197","51720"],"fit_inputs":{"light":[1,4],"moisture":[3,3],"ph":[4.5,6]},"fit_note":"Shared sunlight, moisture and pH calculation; county geography is an additional layer. Missing source traits remain unknown.","fit_provenance":{"counties":"USDA PLANTS: recorded in 20 NC counties","light":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","moisture":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","ph":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox pH categories (Bound printed by the source; open end from USDA NRCS soil reaction classes)"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":true,"flags":[{"code":"conservation_caution","default_excluded":true,"label":"Rare or protected plant","message":"Specialist conservation planting; excluded from routine garden suggestions.","records":[{"name":"Clethra acuminata","rank":"S1","source":"https://dev.alabama.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1545","state":"AL"}],"source":"https://dev.alabama.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1545"}],"review_status":"reviewed","suggestions_excluded":true},"invasive_rank":false,"native_eligible":true,"quercus_score":57,"state":"AL"},"garden_suitability":{"default_excluded":true,"flags":[{"code":"conservation_caution","default_excluded":true,"label":"Rare or protected plant","message":"Specialist conservation planting; excluded from routine garden suggestions.","records":[{"name":"Clethra acuminata","rank":"S1","source":"https://dev.alabama.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1545","state":"AL"}],"source":"https://dev.alabama.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant/species/1545"}],"review_status":"reviewed","suggestions_excluded":true},"growing_observations":{"botanical_review_primary_flower_color":{"matched_name":"Clethra acuminata","review_decision":{"reason":"Single consistent flower-color category across the main reference sources; normalization of existing observations, not a fresh anatomical verification.","sources":["clethra-acuminata--extension"],"status":"source_recorded","value":"white"},"review_note":"Single consistent flower-color category across the main reference sources; normalization of existing observations, not a fresh anatomical verification.","review_sources":[{"approved_for_correction":true,"evidence_kind":"existing_structured_source_observation","excerpt":"{\"flower_color\": [\"White\"], \"light\": [\"Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)\", \"Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)\", \"Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)\"]}","retrieved":"2026-09-30T17:43:10.251476+00:00","sha256":"0cef05407bb0c1876feecd8da0c56cedecb8b192063f45f727bb266bcd97cb87","source_record_id":null,"title":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-acuminata/"}],"review_status":"source_recorded","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-acuminata/","values":{"primary_flower_color":"white"}},"extension":{"identity_basis":"Exact genus/species fields on cached page","matched_name":"Clethra acuminata","retrieved":"2026-09-30T17:43:10.251476+00:00","source_label":"NC Extension Plant Toolbox","source_sha256":"0cef05407bb0c1876feecd8da0c56cedecb8b192063f45f727bb266bcd97cb87","source_url":"https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/clethra-acuminata/","values":{"bloom_season":["Summer"],"flower_color":["White"],"hardiness_zones":["6a, 6b, 7a, 7b"],"height_feet":[8,20],"leaf_habit":["Deciduous"],"life_cycle":["Perennial"],"light":["Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)","Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)","Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)"],"moisture_categories":["Moist"],"nc_regions":["Mountains","Piedmont"],"soil_drainage":["Good Drainage","Moist"],"soil_ph_categories":["Acid (<6.0)"],"width_feet":[4,6]}},"floraquest_carolinas_georgia":{"matched_name":"Clethra acuminata","retrieved":"2026-10-04T13:31:16.252589+00:00","scope":{"kind":"region","region_id":"floraquest_nc_sc_ga"},"scope_note":"Original regional ecological and identification evidence; no location-specific gardening adjustments.","source_label":"FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Southeastern Flora Team)","source_name":"Clethra acuminata","source_record_id":4624,"source_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide","trait_evidence":[{"field":"habitat_description","source_column":"HabitatText","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4624,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Moist forests, heath balds, streambanks, margins of rock outcrops at high elevations."},{"field":"geographic_range_description","source_column":"Description","source_database_sha256":"684f6b364ff9f3023aa61ed02ae50f6f6d6d4d3bcf76847b78ab769ae0453469","source_record_id":4624,"source_table":"Organism","value":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. 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Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Georgia","claim":"native","scope":"GA","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names South Carolina","claim":"native","scope":"SC","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Tennessee","claim":"native","scope":"TN","source":"floraquest_carolinas_georgia","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.southeastfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text in the regional flora","claim":"native","scope":"AL-MS-TN","source":"floraquest_south_central","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midsouthfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Alabama","claim":"native","scope":"AL","source":"floraquest_south_central","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midsouthfieldguide"},{"basis":"native range text names Alabama","claim":"native","scope":"AL","source":"floraquest_northern_tier","text":"Endemic to the Southern and Central Appalachians, C. acuminata ranges from sw. Pennsylvania south through e. West Virginia, w. Virginia, e. Tennessee, w. North Carolina to nw. South Carolina, n. Georgia, and ne. Alabama.","url":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.emountainworks.android.midatlanticfieldguide"},{"basis":"NatureServe subnational native or exotic flag for this state","claim":"native","matched_name":"Clethra acuminata","scope":"AL","source":"natureserve_explorer","srank":"S1","url":"https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.138596/Clethra_acuminata"}],"county_native_range":"unresolved","decided_by":"al_atlas","explanation":"Alabama Plant Atlas (published flora, state claim) gives the value, over a broader claim from a higher tier. Speaks for its own area (GA, GA-NC-SC, NC, SC, TN), not this state: FloraQuest: Carolinas, Georgia (Weakley), Vascular Plants of North Carolina (NC Natural Heritage Program).","label":"Native to Alabama (state-specific source)","provenance":{"flags":["over_higher_tier"],"source":"al_atlas","specificity":"state","tier":"published_flora"},"rule":"fact-hierarchy-2","status":"native_supported"},"source_name":"Clethra acuminata","taxon_id":"taxon:f16fd68f-af9e-519a-b53d-0ec64c713cc3","revision":"publish:903368a2-17ec-496c-89d2-a217f30d9dda","photos":[{"id":"clethra-acuminata-130123769","src":"/api/photos/image/175953b7039140d0aa6654ed62ec1a25e155041517a49e62c0906f5146e0b820.jpg","view":"bark","alt":"Clethra acuminata — bark photograph","width":960,"height":1434,"artist":"Douglas Goldman","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","license_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","source_url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ClethraAcuminata4.jpg","changes":"Wikimedia thumbnail; no crop or retouching","kind":"photo"}]}